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Yang W, Chen Y, Li K, Jin W, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ren Z, Li Y, Chen P. Optimization of microwave-expanding pretreatment and microwave-assisted extraction of hemicellulose from bagasse cells with the exploration of the extracting mechanism. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121814. [PMID: 38368097 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Hemicellulose is mainly distributed in the tightly packed S2 layer of the plant cell wall and the middle lamella. This rigid microstructure of wood and interactions among hemicellulose, lignin, and cellulose jointly restrict the separation and transformation of hemicellulose in the wood matrix. To address this issue, a method combined with microwave-expanding pretreatment (MEP) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) with a NaOH solution was carried out. We found that the MEP could effectively create new pathways for bagasse cells in mass transferring. More specifically, 195 % of the specific surface area (m2/g) with 193 % of the pores (>50 nm) increased after MEP; the SEM images also confirmed that the microstructure of bagasse was modified. MAE could considerably exfoliate hemicellulose from cellulose fiber and accelerate mass transfer. Additionally, we optimized MEP and MAE by using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal parameters were 370 K, 3.7 min, 1081 W microwave power, and 9.9 wt% NH4HCO3 consumption for the MEP and 1100 W microwave power, 2.5 wt% NaOH concentration, 34.6 min reaction time for MAE, respectively. Moreover, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation suggests that NaOH could significantly lower the work needed to peel off the xylan chain from cellulose nanofibril.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Yang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Li
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Jin
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China.
| | - Zixing Ren
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Yuke Li
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, 650500, Kunming, China
| | - Pan Chen
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
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Li P, Xu Y, Yin L, Liang X, Wang R, Liu K. Development of Raw Materials and Technology for Pulping-A Brief Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4465. [PMID: 38006189 PMCID: PMC10675330 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Paper is one of the most significant inventions in human civilization, which considerably advanced global cultural development. Pulping is a key step in the conversion of fiber raw materials into paper. Since its inception, pulping has rapidly evolved, continually adapting to technological advancements. Researchers are constantly investigating various types of raw materials for pulping. In this review, some of the materials employed in pulping are outlined, and the fiber content, pulping method, as well as the strength of wood and non-wood crop straw as pulping raw materials are analyzed and discussed. In addition, this review explores the effects of different materials under various pulping conditions and assesses the future trends in raw material selection for pulping while considering the current global environmental pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piwu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (R.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Yanpeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (R.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Gansu Engineering Technology Research Center for Microalgae, Hexi University, Zhangye 734000, China;
| | - Xiaoli Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (R.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Ruiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (R.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Kaiquan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (P.L.); (Y.X.); (X.L.); (R.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Shandong Microbial Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
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Yiamsawas D, Watcharin K, Pongprayoon T. Enhanced Performance of Lignin Recovery with a Carbon Dioxide Acidification Method. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7438-7447. [PMID: 36872975 PMCID: PMC9979364 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lignin particles were recovered from the bagasse soda pulping black liquor by acidification with carbon dioxide continuously fed in a semibatch reactor. An experimental model based on the response surface methodology was selected to investigate the effect of parameters and optimize the process for maximizing the lignin yield, and the physicochemical properties of the obtained lignin under the optimum conditions were investigated for further potential applications. A total of 15 experimental runs of three controlled parameters including temperature, pressure, and residence time were carried out based on the Box-Behnken design (BBD). The mathematic model for lignin yield prediction was successfully estimated at 99.7% accuracy. Temperature played a more significant role in lignin yield than pressure and residence time. Higher temperature could faciltate a higher lignin yield. Approximately 85 wt % lignin yield was obtained under the optimum conditions with a purity higher than 90%, high thermal stability, and slightly broad molecular weight distribution. The p-hydroxyphenyl-guaiacyl-syringyl (HGS)-type lignin structure and spherical shape were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). These characteristics confirmed that the obtained lignin could be used in high-value products. Moreover, this work indicated that the CO2 acidification unit for lignin recovery could be efficiently improved for achieving high yield and purity from black liquor by adjustment of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doungporn Yiamsawas
- National
Nanotechnology Center (NANOTEC), National
Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Kitsada Watcharin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
- Center
of Eco-Materials and Cleaner Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
| | - Thirawudh Pongprayoon
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
- Center
of Eco-Materials and Cleaner Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand
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Effects of Lipase and Xylanase Pretreatment on the Structure and Pulping Properties of Wheat Straw. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235129. [PMID: 36501524 PMCID: PMC9735998 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the reduction of environmental pollution, a biological enzyme assisted alkali-oxygen pulping method was explored to improve the delignification efficiency and fiber accessibility of wheat straw and improve the properties of wheat straw pulp. In this paper, lipase and xylanase were used to pretreat wheat straw and the effects of different enzyme types and enzyme dosage on the microstructure and pulp properties of wheat straw were investigated and experimented. The results showed that the lipase can remove fat and wax on the surface of wheat straw, while xylanase degraded the hemicellulose components, such as xylan, of wheat straw fiber, destroyed the structure of the lignin-carbohydrate complex, increasing lignin removal as a result and enhancing the impregnating, diffusion and penetration of alkali. Compared with wheat straw without enzyme pretreatment, the skeleton of wheat straw pretreated by enzyme became looser, the internal cavity appeared and the wall cavity became thin and transparent. The fines decreased obviously and the length of fibers increased. After combined pretreatment with lipase (15 U·g-1) and xylanase (15 U·g-1), the pulping performance of wheat straw was improved and the tensile index (97.37 N·m·g-1), brightness (40.9% ISO) and yield (58.10%) of the pulp increased by 12.9%, 19.9% and 9.9%, respectively. It can be seen that enzyme pretreatment is a green and effective approach to improving the alkali-oxygen pulping performance of wheat straw.
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Yao L, Hu S, Wang X, Lin M, Zhang C, Chen Y, Yue F, Qi H. Facile preparation of lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils from sugarcane bagasse by mild soda-oxygen pulping. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 290:119480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abdul Karim M, Zainol N, Abu Hassan As’ari N, Abu Talip Yusof N, Aziz N. Effect of processing parameters on cellulose content extracted from pineapple leaf. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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EL-SAKHAWY MOHAMED, ABD EL-KADER AMALH, FAHMY TAMERYA, ABD EL-SAYED ESSAMS, KASSEM NESRINEF. OPTIMIZATION OF DITHIONITE BLEACHING OF HIGH YIELD BAGASSE PULP. CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:667-673. [DOI: 10.35812/cellulosechemtechnol.2021.55.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Non-wood raw materials are an essential fiber source in regions where forest resources are limited. Therefore, chemi-mechanical high-yield bagasse pulp was prepared and then bleached with a dithionite bleaching agent. One- and two-stage bleaching of the pulp was carried out by using sodium dithionite (Y) as a sole bleaching agent, or after bleaching with hydrogen peroxide to achieve high brightness for the prepared pulp. Different parameters, such as consistency, concentration, temperature, time and pH were investigated. The effect of various additives, such as diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as chelating agent or Zn compounds and hexamethylenetetramine to stabilize the bleaching solution, was studied. The effect of dissolved oxygen in liquor was also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- MOHAMED EL-SAKHAWY
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth st., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - AMAL H. ABD EL-KADER
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth st., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - TAMER Y. A. FAHMY
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth st., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - ESSAM S. ABD EL-SAYED
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth st., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - NESRINE F. KASSEM
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth st., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Kaur D, Bhardwaj NK, Lohchab RK. Effect of incorporation of ozone prior to ECF bleaching on pulp, paper and effluent quality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 236:134-145. [PMID: 30721831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pulp and paper industry is highly dependent on forest and water resources. It has more concerns on fair utilization of these resources and their conservation for its further expansion. Present study emphasizes on the use of rice straw (agro waste) in papermaking to protect wood based resources. It further deals with ozone bleaching (Z) prior to elemental chlorine free bleaching that proved to be significant in terms of reducing the effluent load specially the reduction in toxic, recalcitrant and carcinogenic compounds. Z based sequences resulted in pulp brightness of ∼85% that was 3.6% higher than the elemental chlorine free bleaching. Bleached pulps of Z based sequences were found to be having better strength properties than elemental chlorine based sequence and thus may be adopted as improved bleaching technology. The analysis of handsheets prepared after pulp bleaching was performed using X-Ray diffraction, ATR-FTIR and SEM. Incorporating ozone stage resulted in marked reduction of 58% and 63% in total solids in bleaching wastewater. Reduction of more than 80% in BOD, COD and adsorbable organic halides was achieved in Z based bleaching in comparison to chlorine bleaching. The amount of chlorophenols, guaiacols, catechols, vanillins and syringols became negligible (approx. 90% reduction) in effluents of Z based bleaching sequences. The chlorine dioxide followed by peroxide bleaching after Z stage was found to be the most promising to reduce the effluent load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Kaur
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India; Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.
| | - Nishi K Bhardwaj
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India.
| | - Rajesh Kumar Lohchab
- Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.
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