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Sustainable Green Synthesis of Pyrimidine Derivatives: Review on Multicomponent Synthesis, Catalysts and Techniques. Curr Org Synth 2024; 21:127-139. [PMID: 36998127 DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230330081211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
"The founder of green chemistry explains how chemicals manufacturing must change to support a sustainable future." In this review, Green chemistry is considered in the synthesis of heterocycles compounds containing Pyrimidine nuclei using different catalyzes, solvents, and techniques for the synthesis of pyrimidine derivatives that achieve sustainability. The mentioned fused heterocycles are classified according to the type of ring system. The yield of the target molecules reported in the review is given in the reaction's last step.
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Synthesis and characterization of Co-MOF@Ag 2O nanocomposite and its application as a nano-organic catalyst for one-pot synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidines. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17500. [PMID: 37840041 PMCID: PMC10577138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a Co-MOF was synthesized via a co-precipitation procedure and then used as support for stabilizing Ag ions and producing Co-MOF@Ag2O nanocomposite by microwave irradiation. The characterization of synthesized Co-MOF@Ag2O nanocomposite was performed by using different techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR). The prepared Co-MOF@Ag2O nanocomposite was applied as a heterogeneous nano-catalyst in the synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidines in water at 50 °C via the one-pot multicomponent reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate, aromatic aldehydes and barbituric acid derivatives. Through this straightforward and effective protocol, different tricyclic fused pyrazolopyranopyrimidines were synthesized at high yields, and short reaction times, through an uncomplicated work-up process with no by-product. The Co-MOF@Ag2O nanocomposite has been effectively recycled for four consecutive cycles without appreciable loss in its activity. Cost-effectiveness, no need for column chromatography, mild conditions, catalyst recyclability, and eco-friendly nature make it a promising candidate compared to other methods.
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Monosubstituted Keggin as heterogeneous catalysts for solvent-free cyanosilylation of aldehydes and ketones. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Synthesis of Bioactive Yttrium-Metal-Organic Framework as Efficient Nanocatalyst in Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolopyranopyrimidine Derivatives and Evaluation of Anticancer Activity. Front Chem 2022; 10:928047. [PMID: 35910741 PMCID: PMC9333196 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.928047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel Yttrium-metal-organic framework (Y-MOF) was synthesized under optimal conditions of microwave with a power of 20 W, the temperature of 30 degrees of centigrade, and time duration of 10 min. The products were characterized by SEM (morphology and size distribution), TGA (thermal stability), BET technique (surface area), and FTIR (characterization of the related group). The Yttrium-metal-organic framework (Y-MOF) synthesized in this study, after identifying and confirming the structure, was used as an efficient and recyclable catalyst in the synthesis of new pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives. Following the study of the properties and applications of Y-MOF, its anticancer properties on breast cancer cells based on the MTT method were evaluated, and significant results were observed. In addition, the anticancer properties of the pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives were investigated.
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Fabrication of heterogeneous-based lacunary polyoxometalates as efficient catalysts for the multicomponent and clean synthesis of pyrazolopyranopyrimidines. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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6
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ZIF-8-incorporated nanoparticles of MgFe2O4 supported on graphene oxide: A ternary hybrid catalyst for the efficient synthesis of pyrazole-based pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-diones. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Recent Advances in the Application of Barbituric Acid Derivatives in Multicomponent Reactions. CURR ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666211229150318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Barbituric acid is a pyrimidine heterocyclic organic compound, which is pharmacologically active. It is important to build structures containing various medicinal activities. This compound attracts the scientific research community in organic synthesis. It can be used in the synthesis of polyheterocyclic, natural, medicinal compounds, and organic sensors. Herein, the utilization of barbituric or thiobarbituric acid in multicomponent reactions is reported from 2016-2021 in this manuscript.
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H3PMo7W5O40·24H2O catalyzed access to fused pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives via one-pot multicomponent synthesis: green chemistry. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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One‐pot
and
two‐pot
methods for chalcone derived pyrimidines synthesis and applications. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Recent developments in the synthesis of polysubstituted pyridines via multicomponent reactions using nanocatalysts. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01801a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the evolution and application of active metal-based and heterometallic NPs as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for the synthesis of pyridine derivatives by multicomponent reactions in the last decade (2010–2020).
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Access to molecular complexity. Multicomponent reactions involving five or more components. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr5010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of the significance of a chemical transformation addresses many factors, including such important characteristics as the number of chemical bonds formed in one step, the reaction time, labour intensity, the cost of reactants and catalysts and so on. The amount of waste produced in the reaction has also gained increasing importance in recent years. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) occupy a special place as a synthetic tool in modern organic chemistry. These reactions allow the synthesis of target products with complex structures, minimizing labour costs. This review summarizes the literature on multicomponent reactions involving five or more components. The data in the review are classified according to the number of reactants participating in the reaction and the types of reactions. It is worth noting that in some cases, these transformations can be a part of a domino process, making this classification difficult, if not impossible. The structural diversity of the reaction products greatly increases with increasing number of components involved in the MCR, which becomes virtually unlimited when using combinations of MCRs. This review highlights the main trends of past decades in the field of MCRs. The last two decades have witnessed an explosive growth in the number of publications in this area of chemistry.
The bibliography includes 309 references.
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Synthesis of polymer-supported Zn(II) as a novel and green nanocatalyst for promoting click reactions and using design of experiment for optimization of reaction conditions. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2020.1725389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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A Facile and Effective Four-Component Synthesis of Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]-pyrimidine-3-carboxamides Based on Diketene. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2019.1695217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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SMA/Py/ZnO as a new biocompatible polymer supported nanocatalyst for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3-d] pyrimidine-diones through a novel and efficient pathway. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2019-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and simple method for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-diones using SMA/Py/ZnO catalyst has been reported. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were coordinated on a modified poly(styrene-comaleic anhydride) (SMA) support to prevent agglomeration and reduction catalytic activity. The polymer support was easily prepared from the reaction of 3-aminopyridine with SMA. The catalyst was characterized by using various characterization techniques such as FTIR, 1H NMR, SEM, and EDX. The catalytic activity of SMA/Py/ZnO for the synthesis of chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-diones through a multicomponent reaction of 6-amino-1,3-dimethyl uracil, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenol, and an appropriate aryl aldehyde under solvent-free conditions was also studied.
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Fabrication of UiO-66 nanocages confined brønsted ionic liquids as an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of dihydropyrazolo[4′,3’:5,6]pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidines. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Synthesis of Pyrazolo‐[4́,3́:5,6]pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐diones Catalyzed by a Nano‐sized Surface‐GraftedNeodymiumComplex of the TungstosilicateviaMulticomponent Reaction. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Highly regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrazino[1,2-a]indoles, based on a post-Ugi condensation: joint experimental and computational study. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-019-01632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Synthesis of novel N-functionalized 4-aryl-tetrahydrobiquinoline-2,5-(1H,3H)-diones via one-pot three-component reaction: a joint experimental and computational study. CAN J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2017-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of N-functionalized 4-aryl-tetrahydrobiquinoline-2,5-(1H,3H)-diones were synthesized in high yields by a one-pot three-component reaction involving 2-chloroquinoline-3-carbaldehydes, Meldrum’s acid, and enaminones (dimedone-based enaminones) in the presence of K2CO3 in CH3CN under reflux condition. To gain a deep insight on the mechanism of the reaction, an extensive series of quantum mechanics calculations in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) were carried out for supporting the suggested reaction pathway.
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Synthesis of new 2-amino-4H-thiopyran derivatives via the one-pot reaction between 3,4-dihydro-3-((benzylamino)methylene)-4-thioxochromen-2-ones and alkyl-2-cyanoacetates in the presence of nano-ZnO catalysis. J Sulphur Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2018.1502293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Regioselective four-component synthesis of new tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline-based 2-amino-1,4-dihydropyridine and pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives using nano-ZnO catalysis. Mol Divers 2018; 22:907-917. [PMID: 29951884 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9844-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Four-component reaction between primary amines, dialkylacetylendicarboxylates, tetrazolo[1,5-a] quinoline-4-carbaldehyde and ethyl-2-cyanoacetate in the presence of 1,4-diaza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and zinc oxide nanoparticles results to the regioselective production of new tetrazolo[1,5-a]quinoline-based 2-amino-1,4-dihydropyridine or pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives in good to high yields. The selectivity of the catalyzed reaction toward the generation of the dihydropyridine or pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives was found to be strongly dependent on the size of the alkyl groups in the ester moieties of the acetylenic esters. According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction and NMR studies, the pyridin-2(1H)-one derivatives involve a restricted rotation around the C-C bond connecting the tetrazoloquinoline and dihydropyridinone cyclic systems.
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Salicylaldehydes as privileged synthons in multicomponent reactions. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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An Efficient Four Component Domino Synthesis of Pyrazolopyranopyrimidines using Recyclable Choline Chloride:Urea Deep Eutectic Solvent. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Diketene a Privileged Synthon in the Synthesis of Heterocycles. Part 2: Six-Membered Ring Heterocycles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Novel pyrazoles and pyrazolo[1,2- a ]pyridazines as selective COX-2 inhibitors; Ultrasound-assisted synthesis, biological evaluation, and DFT calculations. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2377-2383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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