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Puigcerver J, Alajarin M, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J. Modulating the shuttling motion of [2]rotaxanes built of p-xylylenediamine units through permethylation at the benzylic positions of the ring. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9070-9075. [PMID: 37938860 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01611k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we show the effect of the gem-dimethyl substitution at the four benzylic carbons of the ring on the internal dynamics of two-station [2]rotaxanes. Such structural modification of the polyamide macrocycles promotes a drastic change of the internal dynamics as shown by variable-temperature (VT) 1H NMR experiments. We determined that the shuttling rates of the octamethylated macrocycle along a series of symmetrical threads were significantly faster compared to the non-substituted ring. This effect was particularly pronounced in the fumaramide-based system, in which the rate was 27 times faster than that of the model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Puigcerver
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Saura-Sanmartin A, Pastor A, Martinez-Cuezva A, Cutillas-Font G, Alajarin M, Berna J. Mechanically interlocked molecules in metal-organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4949-4976. [PMID: 35612363 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have great potential in the development of molecular machinery due to their intercomponent dynamics. The incorporation of these molecules in a condensed phase makes it possible to take advantage of the control of the motion of the components at the macroscopic level. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are postulated as ideal supports for intertwined molecules. This review covers the chemistry of the mechanical bond incorporated into metal-organic frameworks from the seminal studies to the latest published advances. We first describe some fundamental concepts of MIMs and MOFs. Next, we summarize the advances in the incorporation of rotaxanes and catenanes inside MOF matrices. Finally, we conclude by showing the study of the rotaxane dynamics in MOFs and the operation of some stimuli-responsive MIMs within MOFs. In addition to emphasising some selected examples, we offer a critical opinion on the state of the art of this research field, remarking the key points on which the future of these systems should be focused.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Aurelia Pastor
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Cutillas-Font
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, E-30100, Murcia, Spain.
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Perez JDM, Alajarin M, Martinez-Cuezva A, Berna J. Modulating the Catalytic Activity by the Mechanical Bond: Organocatalysis with Polyamide [2]Rotaxanes bearing a Secondary Amino Function at the Thread. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00481j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The modulation of the catalytic activity of degenerate succinamide-based [2]rotaxanes by changes at their macrocyclic component is disclosed herein. These systems, bearing an acyclic secondary amine function at the thread...
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Fasihi-Ramandi M, Mahmoodi NO, Ghavidast A, Shirini F, Taherpour Nahzomi H. Synthesis and exploring the excited-state PES of photochromic hydrogen bond-assembled [2]rotaxane based on 1,3-Diazabicyclo-[3.1.0]hex-3-enes. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04425-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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[2]Rotaxanes Bearing a Tetralactam Macrocycle: The Role of a Trifurcated Hydrogen Bond in the Crystalline State. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Orlando T, Salbego PRS, Zimmer GC, Pagliari AB, Bender CR, Rodrigues LV, Bonacorso HG, Zanatta N, Berná J, Martins MAP. Conformer Distribution in Rotaxanes Containing Nonsymmetric Threads: A Systematic Approach. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tainára Orlando
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Paulo R. S. Salbego
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Geórgia C. Zimmer
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Anderson B. Pagliari
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Caroline R. Bender
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Leticia V. Rodrigues
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Helio G. Bonacorso
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Nilo Zanatta
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Jose Berná
- Departmento de Química Orgánica; Faculdad de Química; Universidade de Murcia; 30100 Murcia Spain
| | - Marcos A. P. Martins
- Núcleo de Química de Heterociclos (NUQUIMHE); Departmento de Química; Unversidade Federal de Santa Maria; 97105-900 Santa Maria RS Brazil
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Abstract
A [1]rotaxane with two threaded α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) wheels was synthesized in 92% yield using a one-pot process at room temperature that employed spontaneous α-CD threading onto a 12-carbon alkyl chain in water followed by an oxime condensation reaction that attached two boronic acid-containing stopper groups. Rapid pirouetting of the threaded α-CD wheels around the encapsulated dumbbell was switched "ON" or "OFF" by the presence of chemical additives that controlled boronate ester bond formation between the interlocked components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 236 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Jaroslav Zajíček
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 236 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Bradley D. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 236 Nieuwland Science Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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