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Erdönmez B, Altıntop MD, Akalın Çiftçi G, Özdemir A, Ece A. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a New Series of Hydrazones as Small-Molecule Akt Inhibitors for NSCLC Therapy. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20056-20065. [PMID: 37305321 PMCID: PMC10249096 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In an endeavor to identify small molecules for the management of non-small-cell lung carcinoma, 10 new hydrazone derivatives (3a-j) were synthesized. MTT test was conducted to examine their cytotoxic activities against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (L929) cells. Compounds 3a, 3e, 3g, and 3i were determined as selective antitumor agents on A549 cell line. Further studies were conducted to figure out their mode of action. Compounds 3a and 3g markedly induced apoptosis in A549 cells. However, both compounds did not show any significant inhibitory effect on Akt. On the other hand, in vitro experiments suggest that compounds 3e and 3i are potential anti-NSCLC agents acting through Akt inhibition. Furthermore, molecular docking studies revealed a unique binding mode for compound 3i (the strongest Akt inhibitor in this series), which interacts with both hinge region and acidic pocket of Akt2. However, it is understood that compounds 3a and 3g exert their cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on A549 cells via different pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Erdönmez
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Mehlika Dilek Altıntop
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Gülşen Akalın Çiftçi
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu
University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özdemir
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Abdulilah Ece
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Biruni University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Butnariu M, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Helon P, Kukula-Koch W, López V, Les F, Vergara CV, Alarcón-Zapata P, Alarcón-Zapata B, Martorell M, Pentea M, Dragunescu AA, Samfira I, Yessimsiitova Z, Daştan SD, Castillo CMS, Roberts TH, Sharifi-Rad J, Koch W, Cho WC. The effects of thymoquinone on pancreatic cancer: Evidence from preclinical studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113364. [PMID: 35810693 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (TQ) is a secondary metabolite found in abundance in very few plant species including Nigella sativa L., Monarda fistulosa L., Thymus vulgaris L. and Satureja montana L. Preclinical pharmacological studies have shown that TQ has many biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown that TQ acts as an antitumor agent by altering cell cycle progression, inhibiting cell proliferation, stimulating apoptosis, inhibiting angiogenesis, reducing metastasis and affecting autophagy. In this comprehensive study, the evidence on the pharmacological potential of TQ on pancreatic cancer is reviewed. The positive results of preclinical studies support the view that TQ can be considered as an additional therapeutic agent against pancreatic cancer. The possibilities of success for this compound in human medicine should be further explored through clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile.
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile; Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile.
| | - Paweł Helon
- Branch in Sandomierz, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Schinzla 13a Str., 27-600, Sandomierz, Poland.
| | - Wirginia Kukula-Koch
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Garden, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Víctor López
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Francisco Les
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50059 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Cristian Valdés Vergara
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule, Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Postgrado, Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile.
| | - Pedro Alarcón-Zapata
- Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, VIII - Bio Bio Region, Chile; Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4080871, Chile.
| | - Barbara Alarcón-Zapata
- Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, VIII - Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile; Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
| | - Marius Pentea
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Aneta Anca Dragunescu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Ionel Samfira
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Zura Yessimsiitova
- Department of Biodiversity and Bioresource, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 050040, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
| | - Sevgi Durna Daştan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey; Beekeeping Development Application and Research Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
| | | | - Thomas H Roberts
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, 14-008 Cuenca, Ecuador.
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Khan FZ, Mostaid MS, Apu MNH. Molecular Signaling Pathway Targeted Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone in Alzheimer’s disease. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09874. [PMID: 35832342 PMCID: PMC9272348 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with rapid progression. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) is a nutraceutical that has been investigated as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent for this disease due to its ability to prevent or retard the progression of neurodegeneration. Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main bioactive compound isolated from the seeds of black cumin. Several reports have shown that it has promising potential in the prevention and treatment of AD due to its significant antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties along with several other mechanisms that target the altered signaling pathways due to the disease pathogenesis. In addition, it shows anticholinesterase activity and prevents α-synuclein induced synaptic damage. The aim of this review is to summarize the potential aspects and mechanisms by which TQ imparts its action in AD.
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AZİRAK S, BİLGİÇ S, TAŞTEMİR KORKMAZ D, SEVİMLİ M, ÖZER MK. Timokinon’un sıçanların pankreas dokusunda valproik asidin neden olduğu hasarı iyileştirmeye etkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1020753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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In Vitro and In Silico Study of Analogs of Plant Product Plastoquinone to Be Effective in Colorectal Cancer Treatment. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030693. [PMID: 35163957 PMCID: PMC8839215 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants have paved the way for the attainment of molecules with a wide-range of biological activities. However, plant products occasionally show low biological activities and/or poor pharmacokinetic properties. In that case, development of their derivatives as drugs from the plant world has been actively performed. As plant products, plastoquinones (PQs) have been of high importance in anticancer drug design and discovery; we have previously evaluated and reported the potential cytotoxic effects of a series of PQ analogs. Among these analogs, PQ2, PQ3 and PQ10 were selected for National Cancer Institute (NCI) for in vitro screening of anticancer activity against a wide range of cancer cell lines. The apparent superior anticancer potency of PQ2 on the HCT-116 colorectal cancer cell line than that of PQ3 and PQ10 compared to other tested cell lines has encouraged us to perform further mechanistic studies to enlighten the mode of anti-colorectal cancer action of PQ2. For this purpose, its apoptotic effects on the HCT-116 cell line, DNA binding capacity and several crucial pharmacokinetic properties were investigated. Initially, MTT assay was conducted for PQ2 at different concentrations against HCT-116 cells. Results indicated that PQ2 exhibited significant cytotoxicity in HCT-116 cells with an IC50 value of 4.97 ± 1.93 μM compared to cisplatin (IC50 = 26.65 ± 7.85 μM). Moreover, apoptotic effects of PQ2 on HCT-116 cells were investigated by the annexin V/ethidium homodimer III staining method and PQ2 significantly induced apoptosis in HCT-116 cells compared to cisplatin. Based on the potent DNA cleavage capacity of PQ2, molecular docking studies were conducted in the minor groove of the double helix of DNA and PQ2 presented a key hydrogen bonding through its methoxy moiety. Overall, both in vitro and in silico studies indicated that effective, orally bioavailable drug-like PQ2 attracted attention for colorectal cancer treatment. The most important point to emerge from this study is that appropriate derivatization of a plant product leads to unique biologically active compounds.
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Wong XK, Yeong KY. A Patent Review on the Current Developments of Benzoxazoles in Drug Discovery. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:3237-3262. [PMID: 34289258 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The benzoxazole moiety is widely found in various natural compounds, which are often found to be biologically active. Due to its versatile biological properties, benzoxazole has been incorporated as an essential pharmacophore and substructure in many medicinal compounds. In the past years, numerous benzoxazole derivatives have been synthesised and evaluated for their biological potential. The wide range in therapeutic potential of benzoxazole derivatives is related to the favourable interactions of the benzoxazole moiety with different protein targets. Herein we review the biological activities of benzoxazole derivatives patented within the past six years. Using the Lens database, granted patents issued from 2015 to 2020 were retrieved. The patented benzoxazole derivatives demonstrated excellent activity against various protein targets and diseases, with some reaching clinical trial stage. Pharmacological and medicinal aspects of patented benzoxazole derivatives are discussed. The recent development and drawbacks are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Khai Wong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keng Yoon Yeong
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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Thymoquinone, as a Novel Therapeutic Candidate of Cancers. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14040369. [PMID: 33923474 PMCID: PMC8074212 DOI: 10.3390/ph14040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, natural products are widely used as pharmaceutical agents for many human diseases and cancers. One of the most popular natural products that have been studied for anticancer properties is thymoquinone (TQ). As a bioactive compound of Nigella sativa, TQ has shown anticancer activities through the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The anticancer efficacy of TQ is being investigated in several human cancers such as pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, hepatic cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia. Even though TQ induces apoptosis by regulating the expression of pro- apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes in many cancers, the TQ effect mechanism on such cancers is not yet fully understood. Therefore, the present review has highlighted the TQ effect mechanisms on several signaling pathways and expression of tumor suppressor genes (TSG). Data from relevant published experimental articles on TQ from 2015 to June 2020 were selected by using Google Scholar and PubMed search engines. The present study investigated the effectiveness of TQ alone or in combination with other anticancer therapeutic agents, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors on cancers, as a future anticancer therapy nominee by using nanotechnology.
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Ghoshal T, Patel TM. Anticancer activity of benzoxazole derivative (2015 onwards): a review. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00115-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
According to the report published recently by the World Health Organization, the number of cancer cases in the world will increase to 22 million by 2030. So the anticancer drug research and development is taking place in the direction where the new entities are developed which are low in toxicity and are with improved activity. Benzoxazole and its derivative represent a very important class of heterocyclic compounds, which have a diverse therapeutic area. Recently, many active compounds synthesized are very effective; natural products isolated with benzoxazole moiety have also shown to be potent towards cancer.
Main text
In the last few years, many research groups have designed and developed many novel compounds with benzoxazole as their backbone and checked their anticancer activity. In the review article, the recent developments (mostly after 2015) made in the direction of design and synthesis of new scaffolds with very potent anticancer activity are briefly described. The effect of various heterocycles attached to the benzoxazole and their effect on the anticancer activity are thoroughly studied and recorded in the review.
Conclusion
These compiled data in the article will surely update the scientific community with the recent development in this area and will provide direction for further research in this area.
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Kara EM, Bayrak N, Yıldırım H, Yıldız M, Celik BO, Tuyun AF. Chlorinated plastoquinone analogs that inhibit Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans growth. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:785-795. [PMID: 32458315 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00783-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases are the significant global health problem because of drug resistance to most classes of antimicrobials. Interest is growing in the development of new antimicrobials in pharmaceutical discovery. For that reason, the urgency for scientists to find and/or develop new important molecules is needed. Many natural active molecules that exhibit various biological activities have been isolated from the nature. For the present research, a new selected set of aminobenzoquinones, denoted as plastoquinone analogs (PQ1-24), was employed for their in vitro antimicrobial potential in a panel of seven bacterial strains (three Gram-positive and four Gram-negative bacteria) and three fungi. The results revealed PQ analogs with specific activity against bacteria including Staphylococcus epidermidis and pathogenic fungi, including Candida albicans. PQ8 containing methoxy group at the ortho position on the phenylamino moiety exhibited the highest growth inhibition against S. epidermidis with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 9.76 μg/mL. The antifungal profile of all PQ analogs indicated that five analogs (while PQ1, PQ8, PQ9, PQ11, and PQ18 were effective against Candida albicans, PQ1 and PQ18 were effective against Candida tropicalis) have potent antifungal activity. Selected analogs, PQ1 and PQ18, were studied for biofilm evaluation and time-kill kinetic study for better understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Mataracı Kara
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nilüfer Bayrak
- Chemistry Department, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Yıldırım
- Chemistry Department, Engineering Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yıldız
- Chemistry Department, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Berna Ozbek Celik
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Pharmacy Faculty, Istanbul University, Beyazit, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amaç Fatih Tuyun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Bayrak N, Yıldırım H, Yıldız M, Radwan MO, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Tuyun AF, Ciftci HI. Design, synthesis, and biological activity of Plastoquinone analogs as a new class of anticancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Thymoquinone (2-Isoprpyl-5-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone) as a chemopreventive/anticancer agent: Chemistry and biological effects. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 27:1113-1126. [PMID: 31885471 PMCID: PMC6921197 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains the topmost disorders of the mankind and number of cases is unceasingly growing at unprecedented rates. Although the synthetic anti-cancer compounds still hold the largest market in the modern treatment of cancer, natural agents have always been tried and tested for potential anti-cancer properties. Thymoquinone (TQ), a monoterpene and main ingredient in the essential oil of Nigella sativa L. has got very eminent rankings in the traditional systems of medicine for its anti-cancer pharmacological properties. In this review we summarized the diverse aspects of TQ including its chemistry, biosynthesis, sources and pharmacological properties with a major concern being attributed to its anti-cancer efficacies. The role of TQ in different aspects involved in the pathogenesis of cancer like inflammation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, proliferation, invasion and migration have been described. The mechanism of action of TQ in different cancer types has been briefly accounted. Other safety and toxicological aspects and some combination therapies involving TQ have also been touched. A detailed literature search was carried out using various online search engines like google scholar and pubmed regarding the available research and review accounts on thymoquinone upto may 2019. All the articles reporting significant addition to the activities of thymoquinone were selected. Additional information was acquired from ethno botanical literature focusing on thymoquinone. The compound has been the centre of attention for a long time period and researched regularly in quite considerable numbers for its various physicochemical, medicinal, biological and pharmacological perspectives. Thymoquinone is studied for various chemical and pharmacological activities and demonstrated promising anti-cancer potential. The reviewed reports confirmed the strong anti-cancer efficacy of thymoquinone. Further in-vitro and in-vivo research is strongly warranted regarding the complete exploration of thymoquinone in ethnopharmacological context.
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Key Words
- AMPK, AMP-activated protein kinase
- APC, adenomatous polyposis coli
- Anti-cancer therapeutics
- CDDP, cisplatin
- CDKs, cyclin-dependent kinases
- EMT, epithelial to mesenchymal transition
- FGFs, fibroblast growth factors
- FTIR, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
- GBM, glioblastoma multiforme
- HPDE, human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells
- IUPAC, international union of pure and applied chemistry
- LKB1, liver kinase B1
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MC-A, myrtucommulone-A
- NLCs, nanostructured lipid carriers
- NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance
- NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Natural compounds
- OEC, oral epithelial cells
- PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- PXRD, powder x-ray diffraction
- Phytopharmaceuticals
- Plant products
- RES, resveratrol
- RNS, reactive nitrogen species
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SCLC, small cell lung carcinoma
- SLNs, solid lipid nanoparticles
- THQ, thymohydroquinone
- TMZ, temozolomide
- TNBC, triple negative breast cancer
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha
- TQ, thymoquinone
- Thymoquinone
- UMSCC, university of Michigan squamous cell carcinoma
- USD, United States Dollar
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- WHO, world health organization
- XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein
- eEF-2K, elongation factor 2 kinase
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Tuyun AF, Yıldız M, Bayrak N, Yıldırım H, Mataracı Kara E, Jannuzzi AT, Ozbek Celik B. Discovery of a new family of heterocyclic amine linked plastoquinone analogs for antimicrobial evaluation. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:1098-1109. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amaç F. Tuyun
- Engineering Sciences Department, Engineering FacultyIstanbul University‐Cerrahpasa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Mahmut Yıldız
- Chemistry DepartmentGebze Technical University Gebze Kocaeli Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Bayrak
- Chemistry Department, Engineering FacultyIstanbul University‐Cerrahpasa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Hatice Yıldırım
- Chemistry Department, Engineering FacultyIstanbul University‐Cerrahpasa Istanbul Turkey
| | - Emel Mataracı Kara
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Pharmacy FacultyIstanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ayse T. Jannuzzi
- Pharmaceutical Toxicology Department, Pharmacy FacultyIstanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Berna Ozbek Celik
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Pharmacy FacultyIstanbul University Istanbul Turkey
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