Regioselective Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of 1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives of Pyrimidine Nucleobases

1,5-Disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles: Molecular scaffolds for medicinal chemistry and biomolecular mimetics

Ruthenium (II) catalyzed click chemistry enable the highly efficient and selective synthesis of 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. This method provides exclusive formation of the desired 1,5-regioisomer. In the past twenty years, these reactions have become a valuable tool in organic synthesis. Similar to 1,4-regioisomer of 1,2,3-triazole, 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole functions as biocompatible linkers and biologically active scaffolds. This review focuses on the synthesis and medicinal chemistry significance of these triazoles as versatile building blocks. Notably, they serve as bioisosteres of the cis-amide bond, conferring enhanced stability and mimicking constrained amino acids, making them crucial for peptidomimetic development. Hence, we are discussing their application in the development of peptidomimetics. 1,5-Disbstituted 1,2,3- triazoles mimic cis-amide bond in the peptides, altering their conformation and biological activity. Furthermore, we have discussed its application to create novel bioactive molecules, including mimics of natural products, nucleosides, nucleotides, glycoconjugates, and protein-protein interaction inhibitors. This review highlights their substantial potential in drug discovery, and provides a valuable resource for future research in this field.

1,2,3-Triazole Hybrids Containing Isatins and Phenolic Moieties: Regioselective Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies

The synthesis of hybrid molecules is one of the current strategies of drug discovery for the development of new lead compounds. The 1,2,3-triazole moiety represents an important building block in Medicinal Chemistry, extensively present in recent years. In this paper, we presented the design and the synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazole hybrids, containing both an isatine and a phenolic core. Firstly, the non-commercial azide and the alkyne synthons were prepared by different isatines and phenolic acids, respectively. Then, the highly regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted triazoles was obtained in excellent yields by a click chemistry approach, catalyzed by Cu(I). Finally, a molecular docking study was performed on the hybrid library, finding four different therapeutic targets. Among them, the most promising results were obtained on 5-lipoxygenase, an enzyme involved in the inflammatory processes.

Dataset on substituents effect on biological activities of linear RGD-containing peptides as potential anti-angiotensin converting enzyme

The angiotensin converting enzyme inhibiting activity of linear rgd-containing peptides was investigated using in silico approach. The synthesized compound (parent compound) using experimental approach as well as its derivatives was subjected to computational examination using appropriate software. The investigated compounds were optimized using Spartan 14 while the docking study was executed via Pymol, AutoDock Tool, AutoDock Vina and discovery studio. The descriptors obtained (2D and 3D) were screened and the descriptor with highest capacity (squared correlation coefficient) was correlated to the calculated binding affinity. More so, the docking analysis was performed on the investigated linear rgd-containing peptides and angiotensin converting enzyme (PDB ID: 3nxq) via docking software and the resulted scoring and the types of the interaction observed were presented. Furthermore, (S)-dimethyl 2-(2-((S)-2-((R)-1-((S)-2-((S)-2-((S)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)propanamido)-4-(methylthio)butanamido)-4-methylpentanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)-5-(3-((2,2,4,5,7-pentamethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-6-yl)sulfonyl)guanidino)pentanamido)acetamido)succinate (AB5) (compound with lowest binding affinity) and metformin were subjected to ADMET analysis and the resulted outcome were reported appropriately.