1
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Liu Y, Shen X, Zhu P, Hu JM, Wang X, Ge S. Gold-Catalyzed Cascade Reaction of Yne-Enones with Iminooxindoles, Access to 3,2'-Pyrrolidinyl-Spirooxindole Derivatives. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38804575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a gold-catalyzed cascade reaction of yne-enones with iminooxindoles has been developed through a cascade cycloisomerization/(3 + 2) annulation process. This approach provides a straightforward and efficient route for the synthesis of functionalized 3,2'-pyrrolidinyl-spirooxindoles in high reactivity and broad substrate scope with excellent cis-selectivity. Moreover, the subsequent functionalization of furan units allows for the diverse synthesis of spirooxindole derivatives, which have demonstrated good antitumoral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Liu
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Puerh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xiaojiang Shen
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Pengyan Zhu
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Resource, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shulin Ge
- College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Puerh Tea Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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2
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Rahimizadeh F, Mazloumi M, Shirini F. An efficient catalysis for the synthesis of pyrimido[1,2- a]benzimidazoles and 1-(benzothiazolylamino)methyl-2-naphthols using ZnO@SO 3H@Tropine. RSC Adv 2024; 14:13452-13462. [PMID: 38665495 PMCID: PMC11043802 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08960f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this research and in the line of our researches on the use of nano-substrates modified with ionic liquid in organic reactions, an efficient and green method for the one-pot three-component synthesis of pyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazole and 1-(benzothiazolylamino)methyl-2-naphthol derivatives is reported using a new nanoporous catalyst formulated as ZnO@SO3H@Tropine. Further analysis of the catalyst for its characterization has been performed using thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The present approach creates a variety of biologically active heterocyclic compounds with excellent yields and short reaction times. Among the other advantages of the current method are: ease of operation, clean reaction profiles and ease of separation. Also, this catalyst can be reused five times without loss of its catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimizadeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Guilan Rasht 41335-19141 Iran +98 131 3233262 +98 131 3233262
| | - Masoumeh Mazloumi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Guilan Rasht 41335-19141 Iran +98 131 3233262 +98 131 3233262
| | - Farhad Shirini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Guilan Rasht 41335-19141 Iran +98 131 3233262 +98 131 3233262
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3
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Wang Y, Chen Y, Duan S, Cao Y, Sun W, Zhang M, Zhao D, Hu D, Dong J. Diastereoselective Three-Component 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition to Access Functionalized β-Tetrahydrocarboline- and Tetrahydroisoquinoline-Fused Spirooxindoles. Molecules 2024; 29:1790. [PMID: 38675610 PMCID: PMC11052326 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A chemselective catalyst-free three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition has been described. The unique polycyclic THPI and THIQs were creatively employed as dipolarophiles, which led to the formation of functionalized β-tetrahydrocarboline- and tetrahydroisoquinoline-fused spirooxindoles in 60-94% of yields with excellent diastereoselectivities (10: 1->99: 1 dr). This reaction not only realizes a concise THPI- or THIQs-based 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, but also provides a practical strategy for the construction of two distinctive spirooxindole skeletons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Wang
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Shengli Duan
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Yiyang Cao
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Wenjin Sun
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Mei Zhang
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Delin Zhao
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Donghua Hu
- College of Vocational and Technical Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650092, China (W.S.)
| | - Jianwei Dong
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
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4
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Chaudhari SS, Nichinde CB, Patil BR, Girase AS, Rama Krishna G, Kinage AK. Base controlled rongalite-mediated reductive aldol/cyclization and dimerization of isatylidene malononitriles/cyanoacetates. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1727-1732. [PMID: 38318869 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01794j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a novel methodology involving a base-controlled, rongalite-mediated reductive/aldol reaction, followed by cyclization of isatylidene malononitriles/cyanoacetates, resulting in the synthesis of spiro[2,3-dihydrofuran-3,3'-oxindole]. Additionally, we have disclosed a rongalite-mediated dimerization process for isatylidene malononitriles, yielding dispiro[cyclopent-3'-ene]bisoxindole. The utilization of rongalite in this reaction serves a dual purpose, acting both as a reducing agent and a C1 synthon. The developed approach has several advantages like a simple reaction setup, a wide substrate scope, requiring less time, using water as a green solvent, no metal or catalyst is required and products can be easily isolated via filtration with excellent yields under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakant S Chaudhari
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Chandrakant B Nichinde
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Baliram R Patil
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
| | - Amardipsing S Girase
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
| | - Gamidi Rama Krishna
- Organic Chemistry Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National, Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune 411008, India
| | - Anil K Kinage
- Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 410008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, India
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5
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Ma YM, Miao X, Jia B, Sun ZY, Ma SY, Yan C. Design, Synthesis, Antifungal Evaluation, Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Study, and Molecular Docking of Novel Spirotryprostatin A Derivatives. Molecules 2024; 29:864. [PMID: 38398616 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytopathogenic fungi cause plant diseases and economic losses in agriculture. To efficiently control plant pathogen infections, a total of 19 spirotryprostatin A derivatives and 26 spirooxindole derivatives were designed, synthesized, and tested for their antifungal activity against ten plant pathogens. Additionally, the intermediates of spirooxindole derivatives were investigated, including proposing a mechanism for diastereoselectivity and performing amplification experiments. The bioassay results demonstrated that spirotryprostatin A derivatives possess good and broad-spectrum antifungal activities. Compound 4d exhibited excellent antifungal activity in vitro, equal to or higher than the positive control ketoconazole, against Helminthosporium maydis, Trichothecium roseum, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium graminearum, Alternaria brassicae, Alternaria alternate, and Fusarium solan (MICs: 8-32 µg/mL). Compound 4k also displayed remarkable antifungal activity against eight other phytopathogenic fungi, including Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. niveum and Mycosphaerella melonis (MICs: 8-32 µg/mL). The preliminary structure-activity relationships (SARs) were further discussed. Moreover, molecular docking studies revealed that spirotryprostatin A derivatives anchored in the binding site of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Therefore, these compounds showed potential as natural compound-based chiral fungicides and hold promise as candidates for further enhancements in terms of structure and properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Min Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Bin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Si-Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Cong Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
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6
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Helal MH, Owda ME, Mogharbel AT, Hamzah Alessa A, Omer N, Abdelaziz MA, Ibrahim I, Eliwa EM. C 3-Spirooxindoles: Divergent chemical synthesis and bioactivities (2018-2023). Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107091. [PMID: 38183683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
This scientific review documents the recent progress of C3-spirooxindoles chemistry (synthesis and reaction mechanism) and their bioactivities, focusing on the promising results as well as highlighting the biological mechanism via the reported molecular docking findings of the most bioactive derivatives. C3-Spirooxindoles are attractive bioactive agents and have been found in a variety of natural compounds, including alkaloids. They are widely investigated in the field of medicinal chemistry and play a key role in medication development, such as antivirals, anticancer agents, antimicrobials, etc. Regarding organic synthesis, several traditional and advanced strategies have been reported, particularly those that started with isatin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed H Helal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, PO 840, Saudi Arabia
| | - Medhat E Owda
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal T Mogharbel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Hamzah Alessa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Omer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud A Abdelaziz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Essam M Eliwa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt; Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LCSOM, CNRS, Strasbourg University, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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7
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Reddy CR, Theja A, Srinivasu E, Subbarao M. Dearomative ipso-Cyclization to Spiropseudoindoxyls: An Extendable Approach To Access Indolo[3,2- c]quinolinones and Isocryptolepine. Org Lett 2024; 26:68-72. [PMID: 38160428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
A metal-free oxidative intramolecular dearomative spirocyclization of indole-3-formyl-2-carboxamides has been developed for the first time, affording spiropseudoindoxyls in good yields. This domino process proceeds through sequential oxidation, decarboxylation and ipso-arylation. The unique feature of this approach includes the compatibility of N-protected-indole-2-carboxamides. Further, a hitherto unknown rearrangement of spiropseudoindoxyls to indoloquinolones has been achieved. The synthetic utility of this strategy has also been showcased by the construction of a natural alkaloid, isocryptolepine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Agnuru Theja
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ejjirotu Srinivasu
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Muppidi Subbarao
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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8
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Han JW, Kim Y, Kim SG. Organocatalytic Asymmetric [4 + 2]-Cycloadditions of 2-Aminophenyl Enones with Isatin-Derived Ketimines: Diastereo- and Enantioselective Synthesis of Spirooxindole-Tetrahydroquinazolines. Org Lett 2024; 26:252-257. [PMID: 38147651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel method for the enantioselective synthesis of spiro N,N-heterocyclic oxindoles has been developed, employing asymmetric [4 + 2]-cycloadditions of 2-aminophenyl enones with isatin-derived ketimines. This method employs an organocatalytic approach, utilizing a bifunctional squaramide-based catalyst. It enables the precise synthesis of chiral spirooxindole-tetrahydroquinazolines with intricate structures, featuring chiral quaternary centers. This process achieves remarkable results, including high yields and exceptional levels of enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity (up to 96% yield, 95% ee, and >20:1 dr).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Han
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoseop Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Science, Kyonggi University, 154-42, Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea
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9
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Gogoi A, Mukhopadhyay S, Chouhan R, Das SK. Synthesis of benzimidazole-fused 1,4-benzoxazepines and benzosultams spiro-connected to a 2-oxindole core via a tandem epoxide-opening/S NAr approach. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:353-363. [PMID: 38086695 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01613g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
While hundreds of literature reports describe the preparation of spirooxindole-based five- and six-membered heterocycles, the construction of seven-membered heterocyclic rings spiro-connected to a 2-oxindole core has so far been less developed. Herein, we disclose a base-mediated (4 + 3) annulation of spiro-epoxyoxindoles and 2-(2-fluoroaryl)-1H-benzoimidazoles or 2-fluoro-N-arylbenzenesulfonamides toward the synthesis of two new classes of spirooxindole-based polycyclic systems. Mechanistically, this conceptually simple and high atom-economical reaction proceeds via an SN2-like intermolecular epoxide ring-opening, accompanied by a concomitant intramolecular SNAr reaction. From a synthetic aspect, the notable features of the process are its full regioselectivity, operational simplicity using readily available substrates under transition-metal-free conditions, high yields, and broad substrate scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Gogoi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Subhamoy Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Raju Chouhan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
| | - Sajal Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam, 784028, India.
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10
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Yuan H, Wu YZ, Fang YH, Chen CH, Liang C, Mo DL. Synthesis of Spirooxindole-1,2-oxazinan-5-ones through 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol Promoted [3 + 3] Cycloaddition of N-Vinyl Oxindole Nitrones and Oxyallyl Cations. J Org Chem 2023; 88:16155-16166. [PMID: 37975833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A variety of spirooxindole-1,2-oxazinan-5-one derivatives were prepared in moderate to excellent yields through 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE)-promoted [3 + 3] cycloaddition of N-vinyl oxindole nitrones with oxyallyl cations generated from α-tosyloxy ketones under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies revealed that [3 + 3] cycloaddition might involve two possible reaction pathways, including direct [3 + 3] cycloaddition of N-vinyl oxindole ntirones with oxyallyl cations, or the addition of TFE to N-vinyl oxindole nitrones, sequential addition to oxyallyl cations, elimination, and cyclization. The present method features mild reaction conditions, broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance, easy gram scalable preparation, and new applications of TFE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yu-Zheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yu-Han Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Chun-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commision, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530008, China
| | - Cui Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
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Toumi A, Abdella FI, Boudriga S, Alanazi TYA, Alshamari AK, Alrashdi AA, Dbeibia A, Hamden K, Daoud I, Knorr M, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C. Synthesis of Tetracyclic Spirooxindolepyrrolidine-Engrafted Hydantoin Scaffolds: Crystallographic Analysis, Molecular Docking Studies and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:7443. [PMID: 37959862 PMCID: PMC10650415 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In a sustained search for novel potential drug candidates with multispectrum therapeutic application, a series of novel spirooxindoles was designed and synthesized via regioselective three-component reaction between isatin derivatives, 2-phenylglycine and diverse arylidene-imidazolidine-2,4-diones (Hydantoins). The suggested stereochemistry was ascertained by an X-ray diffraction study and NMR spectroscopy. The resulting tetracyclic heterocycles were screened for their in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity and for their in vitro antimicrobial potency. In vitro antibacterial screening revealed that several derivatives exhibited remarkable growth inhibition against different targeted microorganisms. All tested compounds showed excellent activity against the Micrococccus luteus strain (93.75 µg/mL ≤ MIC ≤ 375 µg/mL) as compared to the reference drug tetracycline (MIC = 500 µg/mL). Compound 4e bearing a p-chlorophenyl group on the pyrrolidine ring exhibited the greatest antifungal potential toward Candida albicans and Candida krusei (MIC values of 23.43 µg/mL and 46.87 µg/mL, respectively) as compared to Amphotericin B (MIC = 31.25 and 62.50 µg/mL, respectively). The target compounds were also tested in vitro against the lipoxygenase-5 (LOX-5) enzyme. Compounds 4i and 4l showed significant inhibitory activity with IC50 = 1.09 mg/mL and IC50 = 1.01 mg/mL, respectively, more potent than the parent drug, diclofenac sodium (IC50 = 1.19 mg/mL). In addition, in vivo evaluation of anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of these spirooxindoles were assessed through carrageenan-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced writhing assays, respectively, revealing promising results. In silico molecular docking and predictive ADMET studies for the more active spirocompounds were also carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Toumi
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Faiza I.A. Abdella
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia (T.Y.A.A.)
| | - Sarra Boudriga
- Laboratory of Heterocyclic Chemistry Natural Product and Reactivity (LR11ES39), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Tahani Y. A. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia (T.Y.A.A.)
| | - Asma K. Alshamari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Ha’il University, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia (T.Y.A.A.)
| | | | - Amal Dbeibia
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Environmental Pollutants and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir 5019, Tunisia;
| | - Khaled Hamden
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia;
| | - Ismail Daoud
- Department of Matter Sciences, University of Mohamed Khider, BP 145 RP, Biskra 07000, Algeria;
- Laboratory of Natural and Bio-Actives Substances, Faculty of Science, Tlemcen University, P.O. Box 119, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
| | - Michael Knorr
- Institut UTINAM-UMR CNRS 6213, Université de Franche-Comté, 16 Route de Gray, 25030 Besançon, France
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (J.-L.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Technical University Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund, Germany; (J.-L.K.); (C.S.)
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12
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Alshammari MB, Aly AA, Ahmad A, Brown AB, Mohamed AH. Recent synthetic strategies of spiro-azetidin-2-one, -pyrrolidine, -indol(one) and -pyran derivatives-a review. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32786-32823. [PMID: 37942448 PMCID: PMC10628897 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06054c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spiro-heterocycles have received special attention in medicinal chemistry because of their promising biological activity. Over the years, many synthetic methodologies have been established for the construction of spirocyclic compounds. Spiro heterocycles such as spiro-azetidin-2-one, -pyrrolidine, -indol(one) and -pyran derivatives have been found to exhibit diversified biological and pharmacological activity in addition to their therapeutic properties. In view of these facts, we decided in this review to present representative synthetic approaches of the aforementioned spiro heterocycles, especially in the past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed B Alshammari
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharij Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf A Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519 El-Minia Egypt
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharij Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan B Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne FL 32901 USA
| | - Asmaa H Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University 61519 El-Minia Egypt
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13
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Singh C, Sharma P, Ahmed M, Kumar D, Sharma YB, Samanta J, Ahmed Z, Shukla SK, Hazra A, Bharitkar YP. Semisynthesis of Novel Dispiro-pyrrolizidino/thiopyrrolizidino-oxindolo/indanedione Natural Product Hybrids of Parthenin Followed by Their Cytotoxicity Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35283-35294. [PMID: 37779957 PMCID: PMC10536096 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Natural products possess unique and broader intricacies in the chemical space and have been essential for drug discovery. The crucial factor for drug discovery success is not the size of the library but rather its structural diversity. Although reports on the number of new structurally diverse natural products (NPs) have declined recently, researchers follow the next logical step: synthesizing natural product hybrids and their analogues using the most potent tool, diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS). Here, we use weed Parthenium hysterophorus as a source of parthenin for synthesis of novel dispiro-pyrrolizidino/thiopyrrolizidino-oxindolo/indanedione natural product hybrids of parthenin via chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective azomethine ylide cycloaddition. All synthesized compounds were characterized through a detailed analysis of one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR and HRMS data, and the stereochemistries of the compounds were confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against four cell lines (HCT-116, A549, Mia-Paca-2, and MCF-7), and compound 6 inhibited the HCT-116 cells with an IC50 of 5.0 ± 0.08 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan
Paul Singh
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala
Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmed
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Diljeet Kumar
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Yogesh Brijwashi Sharma
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala
Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Jayanta Samanta
- Department
of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and
Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Zabeer Ahmed
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sanket Kumar Shukla
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Abhijit Hazra
- National
Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Chunilal Bhawan, 168, Maniktala
Main Road, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Yogesh P. Bharitkar
- CSIR-Indian
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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14
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Girgis AS, Panda SS, Kariuki BM, Bekheit MS, Barghash RF, Aboshouk DR. Indole-Based Compounds as Potential Drug Candidates for SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2023; 28:6603. [PMID: 37764378 PMCID: PMC10537473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant threat to society in recent times, endangering human health, life, and economic well-being. The disease quickly spreads due to the highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has undergone numerous mutations. Despite intense research efforts by the scientific community since its emergence in 2019, no effective therapeutics have been discovered yet. While some repurposed drugs have been used to control the global outbreak and save lives, none have proven universally effective, particularly for severely infected patients. Although the spread of the disease is generally under control, anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents are still needed to combat current and future infections. This study reviews some of the most promising repurposed drugs containing indolyl heterocycle, which is an essential scaffold of many alkaloids with diverse bio-properties in various biological fields. The study also discusses natural and synthetic indole-containing compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties and computer-aided drug design (in silico studies) for optimizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 hits/leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S. Girgis
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Benson M. Kariuki
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK; (B.M.K.)
| | - Mohamed S. Bekheit
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Reham F. Barghash
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
| | - Dalia R. Aboshouk
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (M.S.B.); (R.F.B.); (D.R.A.)
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15
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Saleem F, Khan KM. Indole Derivatives: Unveiling New Frontiers in Medicinal and Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Molecules 2023; 28:5477. [PMID: 37513349 PMCID: PMC10385700 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, significant attention has been given to indoles, a diverse group of heterocyclic compounds widely found in nature that play a crucial role in various bioactive natural and synthetic substances [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Saleem
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mohammed Khan
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Science, 3-Constitution Avenue, G-5/2, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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16
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Khalaj M, Taherkhani M, Payen L, Klein A. A Sulfonic Acid Polyvinyl Pyridinium Ionic Liquid Catalyzes the Multi-Component Synthesis of Spiro-indoline-3,5'-pyrano[2,3- d]-pyrimidines and -Pyrazines. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093663. [PMID: 37175073 PMCID: PMC10180120 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A sulfonated poly-4-vinyl pyridinium (PVPy-IL-B-SO3H) containing an acidic pyridinium/HSO3- ionic liquid moiety was prepared and used as a catalyst for the three-component reaction of malononitrile with 1-alkylindoline-2,3-diones and 1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione or methyl 5-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate, leading to methyl 6'-amino-5'-cyano-2-oxo-2'H-spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole]-3'-carboxylates or -3,4'-pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine]-6'-carbonitrile derivatives under ultrasonic irradiation conditions. The solid catalyst allows easy separation, is cheap, produces high yields under mild conditions, and does not require column chromatography for product isolation and purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Khalaj
- Department of Chemistry, Buinzahra Branch, Islamic Azad University, Buinzahra 1477893855, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Taherkhani
- Department of Chemistry, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan 3481949479, Iran
| | - Leo Payen
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Köln, Germany
| | - Axel Klein
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Greinstrasse 6, 50939 Köln, Germany
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