1
|
Ilyas A, Dyussupova A, Sultangaziyev A, Shevchenko Y, Filchakova O, Bukasov R. SERS immuno- and apta-assays in biosensing/bio-detection: Performance comparison, clinical applications, challenges. Talanta 2023; 265:124818. [PMID: 37453393 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is increasingly used as a sensitive bioanalytical tool for detection of variety of analytes ranging from viruses and bacteria to cancer biomarkers and toxins, etc. This comprehensive review describes principles of operation and compares the performance of immunoassays and aptamer assays with Surface Enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection to each other and to some other bioassay methods, including ELISA and fluorescence assays. Both immuno- and aptamer-based assays are categorized into assay on solid substrates, assays with magnetic nanoparticles and assays in laminar flow or/and strip assays. The best performing and recent examples of assays in each category are described in the text and illustrated in the figures. The average performance, particularly, limit of detection (LOD) for each of those methods reflected in 9 tables of the manuscript and average LODs are calculated and compared. We found out that, on average, there is some advantage in terms of LOD for SERS immunoassays (0.5 pM median LOD of 88 papers) vs SERS aptamer-based assays (1.7 pM median LOD of 51 papers). We also tabulated and analyzed the clinical performance of SERS immune and aptamer assays, where selectivity, specificity, and accuracy are reported, we summarized the best examples. We also reviewed challenges to SERS bioassay performance and real-life application, including non-specific protein binding, nanoparticle aggregation, limited nanotag stability, sometimes, relatively long time to results, etc. The proposed solutions to those challenges are also discussed in the review. Overall, this review may be interesting not only to bioanalytical chemist, but to medical and life science researchers who are interested in improvement of bioanalyte detection and diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Ilyas
- Department of Chemistry, SSH, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Yegor Shevchenko
- Department of Chemistry, SSH, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Olena Filchakova
- Department of Biology, SSH, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Rostislav Bukasov
- Department of Chemistry, SSH, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liang H, Shi R, Wang H, Zhou Y. Advances in the application of Raman spectroscopy in haematological tumours. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 10:1103785. [PMID: 36704299 PMCID: PMC9871369 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1103785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are a diverse collection of cancers that affect the blood, bone marrow, and organs. They have a very unpredictable prognosis and recur after treatment. Leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma are the most prevalent symptoms. Despite advancements in chemotherapy and supportive care, the incidence rate and mortality of patients with hematological malignancies remain high. Additionally, there are issues with the clinical diagnosis because several hematological malignancies lack defined, systematic diagnostic criteria. This work provided an overview of the fundamentals, benefits, and limitations of Raman spectroscopy and its use in hematological cancers. The alterations of trace substances can be recognized using Raman spectroscopy. High sensitivity, non-destructive, quick, real-time, and other attributes define it. Clinicians must promptly identify disorders and keep track of analytes in biological fluids. For instance, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is employed in diagnosing gene mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes due to its high sensitivity and multiple detection benefits. Serum indicators for multiple myeloma have been routinely used for detection. The simultaneous observation of DNA strand modifications and the production of new molecular bonds by tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is of tremendous significance for diagnosing lymphoma and multiple myeloma with unidentified diagnostic criteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruxue Shi
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Yuan Zhou,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Koo KM, Trau M. Tetraplex Immunophenotyping of Cell Surface Proteomes via Synthesized Plasmonic Nanotags and Portable Raman Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:14906-14916. [PMID: 36256869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiplex immunophenotyping of cell surface proteomes is useful for cell characterization as well as providing valuable information on a patient's physiological or pathological state. Current methods for multiplex immunophenotyping of cell surface proteomes still have associated technical pitfalls in terms of limited multiplexing capability, challenging result interpretation, and large equipment footprint limited to use in a laboratory setting. Herein, we presented a portable surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assay for multiplex cell surface immunophenotyping. We synthesized and functionalized customizable SERS nanotags for cell labeling and subsequent signal measurement using a portable Raman spectrometer. We extensively evaluated and validated the analytical assay performance of the portable SERS immunophenotyping assay in two different cellular models (red blood cells and breast cancer cells). In terms of analytical specificity, the cell surface immunophenotyping of both red blood cells and breast cancer cells correlated well with flow cytometry. The portable SERS immunophenotyping assay also has comparable analytical repeatability to flow cytometry, with coefficient of variation values of 21.89-23.33% and 6.88-17.32% for detecting red blood cells and breast cancer cells, respectively. The analytical detection limits were 77 cells/mL for red blood cells and 1-17 cells/mL for breast cancer cells. As an alternative to flow cytometry, the portable SERS immunophenotyping assay demonstrated excellent analytical assay performance and possessed advantages such as quick sample-to-result turnaround time, multiplexing capability, and small equipment footprint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, P. R. China.,Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kevin M Koo
- XING Applied Research & Assay Development (XARAD) Division, XING Technologies Pty Ltd, Sinnamon Park, QLD 4073, Australia.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Detection of Polynitro Compounds at Low Concentrations by SERS Using Ni@Au Nanotubes. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10080306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The identification of high-energy compounds in trace concentrations not only in the laboratory, but also in field conditions is of particular interest. The process should be clear, easy, and well-recognizable. We formed SERS-active substrates by using elongated nickel nanotubes synthesized by electrochemical deposition in the pores of ion-track membranes and coated them with gold for further application in the detection of low concentrations of analytes. The substrates were characterized using various techniques to determine the morphology of the nanotubes and modifying gold layer. The possibility of obtaining two types of gold-layer morphology was shown: in the form of a smooth film up to 20–50 nm thick and a coating with nanoneedles up to 250 nm long. The electric fields around the nanotubes were simulated at a laser wavelength of 532 nm to demonstrate the influence of the gold-layer morphology on the field distribution. The “needle” morphology was chosen to form the most effective SERS-active substrates for detection of low concentrations of aromatic polynitro compounds. The spectral peaks were identified by comparing the model and experimental Raman spectra at concentrations down to 10−5 M. Within this limit, all peaks (“fingerprints” of the substance) were clearly distinguishable.
Collapse
|
5
|
An Electrochemical and Raman Scattering Dual Detection Biosensor for Rapid Screening and Biomolecular Profiling of Cancer Biomarkers. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Detecting circulating biomarkers sensitively and quantitatively is paramount for cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment selection. Particularly, screening of a panel of circulating protein biomarkers followed by mapping of individual biomarkers could assist better diagnosis and understanding of the cancer progression mechanisms. Herein, we present a miniaturized biosensing platform with dual readout schemes (electrochemical and Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)) for rapid cancer screening and specific biomarker expressional profiling to support cancer management. Our approach utilizes a controlled nanomixing phenomena under alternative current electrohydrodynamic condition to improve the isolation of cancer-associated circulating proteins (i.e., Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), BRAF, Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)) with antibody functionalized sensor surface for rapid and efficient isolation of the targets and subsequent labelling with SERS nanotags. The method employs Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) for rapidly screening for the presence of the circulating proteins on biosensor surface irrespective of their type. Upon positive DPV detection, SERS is applied for sensitive read-out of individual biomarkers biomarker levels. In a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the dual detection biosensor for analysing circulating BRAF, EGFR and PDL-1 proteins and successfully screened both ensemble and individual biomarker expressional levels as low as 10 pg (1 ng/mL). Our findings clearly indicate the potential of the proposed method for cancer biomarker analysis which may drive the translation of this dual sensing concept in clinical settings.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wen C, Wang L, Liu L, Shen XC, Chen H. Surface-enhanced Raman probes based on gold nanomaterials for in vivo diagnosis and imaging. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200014. [PMID: 35178878 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has received considerable attention from researchers due to its high molecular specificity, high sensitivity, non-invasive and multiplexing. Recently, various metal substrates have been exploited for SERS analysis and imaging. Among them, gold nanomaterials are important SERS substrates with outstanding surface plasmon resonance effects, structural adjustability and good biocompatibility, making them widely used in biomedical diagnosis and clinical fields. In this minireview, we discuss the latest progress about the application of gold-based nanomaterials as SERS probes in biomedical research, primarily for in vivo disease diagnosis and imaging. This review mainly includes the basic shapes and morphologies of gold based SERS probes, such as gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), gold nanorods (AuNRs), gold nanostars (AuNSs), as well as other gold nanostructures. Finally, a brief outlook for the future development of SERS technique in the context of efficient diagnostics and therapy guidance is provided. We hope that this minireview will facilitate the design and future development of Surface-enhanced Raman probes based on gold nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Liu
- Guangxi Normal University, chemistry, CHINA
| | | | - Hua Chen
- Guangxi Normal University, school of chemistry, 15 Yucai Road, 541004, Guilin, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Canetta E. Current and Future Advancements of Raman Spectroscopy Techniques in Cancer Nanomedicine. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13141. [PMID: 34884946 PMCID: PMC8658204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Raman scattering is one of the most used spectroscopy and imaging techniques in cancer nanomedicine due to its high spatial resolution, high chemical specificity, and multiplexity modalities. The flexibility of Raman techniques has led, in the past few years, to the rapid development of Raman spectroscopy and imaging for nanodiagnostics, nanotherapy, and nanotheranostics. This review focuses on the applications of spontaneous Raman spectroscopy and bioimaging to cancer nanotheranostics and their coupling to a variety of diagnostic/therapy methods to create nanoparticle-free theranostic systems for cancer diagnostics and therapy. Recent implementations of confocal Raman spectroscopy that led to the development of platforms for monitoring the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs in vitro and in vivo are also reviewed. Another Raman technique that is largely employed in cancer nanomedicine, due to its ability to enhance the Raman signal, is surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). This review also explores the applications of the different types of SERS, such as SERRS and SORS, to cancer diagnosis through SERS nanoprobes and the detection of small-size biomarkers, such as exosomes. SERS cancer immunotherapy and immuno-SERS (iSERS) microscopy are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Canetta
- Faculty of Sport, Applied Health and Performance Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, London TW1 4SX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang L, Zhao Q, Jiang Z, Shen J, Wu W, Liu X, Fan Q, Huang W. Recent Progress of SERS Nanoprobe for pH Detecting and Its Application in Biological Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:282. [PMID: 34436084 PMCID: PMC8392648 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As pH value almost affects the function of cells and organisms in all aspects, in biology, biochemical and many other research fields, it is necessary to apply simple, intuitive, sensitive, stable detection of pH and base characteristics inside and outside the cell. Therefore, many research groups have explored the design and application of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). In this review article, we discussed the basic theoretical background of explaining the working mechanism of pH SERS sensors, and also briefly described the significance of cell pH measurement, and simply classified and summarized the factors that affected the performance of pH SERS probes. Some applications of pH probes based on surface enhanced Raman scattering in intracellular and extracellular pH imaging and the combination of other analytical detection techniques are described. Finally, the development prospect of this field is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Zhitao Jiang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Jingjing Shen
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Weibing Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Pulp & Paper Science & Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Xingfen Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Quli Fan
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
| | - Wei Huang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NUPT), 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China; (Q.Z.); (Z.J.); (J.S.); (X.L.); (Q.F.); (W.H.)
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khairil Anwar NA, Mohd Nazri MN, Murtadha AH, Mohd Adzemi ER, Balakrishnan V, Mustaffa KMF, Tengku Din TADAA, Yahya MM, Haron J, Mokshtar NF. Prognostic prospect of soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 in cancer management. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:961-978. [PMID: 34180502 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive tissue biopsy is commonly unavoidable in the management of most suspected tumor cases to conclusively verify the presence of cancerous cells through histological assessment. The extracted tissue is also immunostained for detection of antigens (tissue tumor markers) of potential prognostic or therapeutic importance to assist in treatment decision. Although liquid biopsies can be a powerful tool for monitoring treatment response, they are still excluded from standard cancer diagnostics, and their utility is still being debated in the scientific community. With a myriad of soluble tissue tumor markers now being discovered, liquid biopsies could completely change the current paradigms of cancer management. Recently, soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (sPD-L1), which is found in the peripheral blood, i.e. serum and plasma, has shown potential as a pre-therapeutic predictive marker as well as a prognostic biomarker to monitor treatment efficacy. Thus, this review focuses on the emergence of sPD-L1 and promising technologies for its detection in order to support liquid biopsies for future cancer management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Khairil Anwar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Najmi Mohd Nazri
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Hafiz Murtadha
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Elis Rosliza Mohd Adzemi
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Venugopal Balakrishnan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Mohd Fadzli Mustaffa
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | | | - Maya Mazuwin Yahya
- Breast Cancer Awareness & Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Juhara Haron
- Breast Cancer Awareness & Research Unit (BestARi), Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Noor Fatmawati Mokshtar
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gamal M, Kandas I, Badran H, Hajjiah A, Muhammed M, Shehata N. Decay Rates of Plasmonic Elliptical Nanostructures via Effective Medium Theory. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1928. [PMID: 34443759 PMCID: PMC8398447 DOI: 10.3390/nano11081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates the spontaneous decay rate of elliptical plasmonic nanostructures. The refractive index was analyzed using the effective medium theory (EMT). Then, the polarizability, spontaneous radiative, non-radiative decay rate, and electric field enhancement factor were characterized for the targeted elliptical nanostructures at different aspect ratios. All of the optical analyses were analyzed at different distances between the excited fluorescent coupled atom and the plasmonic nanostructure (down to 100 nm). This work is promising in selecting the optimum elliptical nanostructure according to the required decay rates for optical conversion efficiency control in energy harvesting for solar cells and optical sensing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Gamal
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics, SmartCI Research Center, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.K.)
| | - Ishac Kandas
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics, SmartCI Research Center, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.K.)
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
| | - Hussein Badran
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat 13133, Kuwait; (H.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Ali Hajjiah
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat 13133, Kuwait; (H.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Mufasila Muhammed
- Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, Safat 13133, Kuwait;
| | - Nader Shehata
- Center of Smart Nanotechnology and Photonics, SmartCI Research Center, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt; (M.G.); (I.K.)
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt
- Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, Safat 13133, Kuwait;
- USTAR Bioinnovation Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84341, USA
- The Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Singh K, Nalabotala R, Koo KM, Bose S, Nayak R, Shiddiky MJA. Separation of distinct exosome subpopulations: isolation and characterization approaches and their associated challenges. Analyst 2021; 146:3731-3749. [PMID: 33988193 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles that serve as a communications system between cells and have shown tremendous promise as liquid biopsy biomarkers in diagnostic, prognostic, and even therapeutic use in different human diseases. Due to the natural heterogeneity of exosomes, there is a need to separate exosomes into distinct biophysical and/or biochemical subpopulations to enable full interrogation of exosome biology and function prior to the possibility of clinical translation. Currently, there exists a multitude of different exosome isolation and characterization approaches which can, in limited capacity, separate exosomes based on biophysical and/or biochemical characteristics. While notable reviews in recent years have reviewed these approaches for bulk exosome sorting, we herein present a comprehensive overview of various conventional technologies and modern microfluidic and nanotechnological advancements towards isolation and characterization of exosome subpopulations. The benefits and limitations of these different technologies to improve their use for distinct exosome subpopulations in clinical practices are also discussed. Furthermore, an overview of the most commonly encountered technical and biological challenges for effective separation of exosome subpopulations is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Singh
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Ruchika Nalabotala
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Kevin M Koo
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Herston, QLD 4029, Australia.
| | - Sudeep Bose
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, UP, India
| | - Ranu Nayak
- Amity Institute of Nanotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201301, UP, India.
| | - Muhammad J A Shiddiky
- School of Environment and Natural Sciences and Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu W, Hutchison JA, Dong M, Li M. Frequency Shift Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Sensing: An Ultrasensitive Multiplex Assay for Biomarkers in Human Health. ACS Sens 2021; 6:1704-1716. [PMID: 33939402 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The sensitive and selective detection of biomarkers for human health remains one of the grand challenges of the analytical sciences. Compared to established methods (colorimetric, (chemi) luminescent), surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an emerging alternative with enormous potential for ultrasensitive biological detection. Indeed even attomolar (10-18 M) detection limits are possible for SERS due to an orders-of-magnitude boosting of Raman signals at the surface of metallic nanostructures by surface plasmons. However, challenges remain for SERS assays of large biomolecules, as the largest enhancements require the biomarker to enter a "hot spot" nanogap between metal nanostructures. The frequency-shift SERS method has gained popularity in recent years as an alternative assay that overcomes this drawback. It measures frequency shifts in intense SERS peaks of a Raman reporter during binding events on biomolecules (protein coupling, DNA hybridization, etc.) driven by mechanical transduction, charge transfer, or local electric field effects. As such, it retains the excellent multiplexing capability of SERS, with multiple analytes being identifiable by a spectral fingerprint in a single read-out. Meanwhile, like refractive index surface plasmon resonance methods, frequency-shift SERS measures the shift of an intense signal rather than resolving a peak above noise, easing spectroscopic resolution requirements. SERS frequency-shift assays have proved particularly suitable for sensing large, highly charged biomolecules that alter hydrogen-bonding networks upon specific binding. Herein we discuss the frequency-shift SERS method and promising applications in (multiplex) biomarker sensing as well as extensions to ion and gas sensing and much more.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - James Andell Hutchison
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C 8000, Denmark
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jaworska A, Malek K, Kudelski A. Intracellular pH - Advantages and pitfalls of surface-enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence microscopy - A review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119410. [PMID: 33465573 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The value of pH in various parts of protoplasm can affect nearly all aspects of cell functions. Therefore, the determination of intracellular acid-base features is required in many areas of biological and biochemical studies. Because of a significant scientific importance of in vivo intracellular pH measurements, various groups carried out such experiments. In this review article we describe intracellular pH measurements using two the most sensitive optical spectroscopies: surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and fluorescence. It is reasonable to present these two techniques in one review article because the experimental approach in Raman and fluorescence experiments is relatively similar. The basic theoretical background explaining the mechanism of operation of fluorescence and SERS sensors are discussed and the motivations to carry out intracellular pH measurements are briefly described. Future perspectives in this field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jaworska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kamilla Malek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kudelski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 1 Pasteur St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zeng Y, Koo KM, Shen AG, Hu JM, Trau M. Nucleic Acid Hybridization-Based Noise Suppression for Ultraselective Multiplexed Amplification of Mutant Variants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006370. [PMID: 33325632 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of mutant nucleic acid (NA) variants can provide crucial clinical and biological insights for many diseases. Yet, existing analysis techniques are generally constrained by nonspecific "noise" signals from excessive wildtype background sequences, especially under rapid isothermal multiplexed target amplification conditions. Herein, the molecular hybridization chemistry between NA bases is manipulated to suppress noise signals and achieve ultraselective multiplexed detection of cancer gene fusion NA variants. Firstly, modified locked NA (LNA) bases are rationally introduced into oligonucleotide sequences as designed "locker probes" for high affinity hybridization to wildtype sequences, leading to enrichment of mutant variants for multiplexed isothermal amplification. Secondly, locker probes are coupled with a customized "proximity-programmed" (SERS) readout which allows precise control of hybridization-based plasmonic signaling to specifically detect multiple target amplicons within a single reaction. Moreover, the use of triple bond Raman reporters endows NA noise signal-free quantification in the Raman silent region (≈1800-2600 cm-1 ). With this dual molecular hybridization-based strategy, ultraselective multiplexed detection of gene fusion NA variants in cancer cellular models is actualized with successful noise suppression of native wildtype sequences. The distinct benefits of isothermal NA amplification and SERS multiplexing ability are simultaneously harnessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
- The Centre of Analysis and Measurement of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Kevin M Koo
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- XING Technologies Pty Ltd, Sinnamon Park, Brisbane, QLD, 4073, Australia
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Ai-Guo Shen
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ming Hu
- The Centre of Analysis and Measurement of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Matt Trau
- Centre for Personalized Nanomedicine, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Awada C, Traboulsi H. Effect of pH and Nanoparticle Capping Agents on Cr (III) Monitoring in Water: A Kinetic Way to Control the Parameters of Ultrasensitive Environmental Detectors. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121045. [PMID: 33260890 PMCID: PMC7760521 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we apply surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to study the kinetics of chromium Cr (III) detection in solution using EDTA and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). We examine for the first time the effect of pH and nanoparticles’ capping agent on the kinetic mechanism of Cr (III) detection using SERS temporal variations. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) and Raman shift variations show that the mechanism of detection is composed of two steps: a first one consisting of chemical coordination between Cr (III) and AgNPs that leads to exalted chemical and electromagnetic enhancement and the second one is an aggregation process with an important optical enhancement. The obtained results showed that the first step in the detection at lower pH was five times faster than in a basic medium using citrate capped silver nanoparticles (Cit-AgNPs). On the other hand, using a capping agent with dicarboxylate groups such as oxalate (Oxa-AgNPs) led to an important enhancement in SERS detection signal (more than 30 times) compared with Cit-AgNPs, although the detection kinetic’s mechanism was slower.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chawki Awada
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box: 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (H.T.)
| | - Hassan Traboulsi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box: 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (C.A.); (H.T.)
| |
Collapse
|