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Biswas A, Pal S. Plant-nano interactions: A new insight of nano-phytotoxicity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108646. [PMID: 38657549 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Whether nanoparticles (NPs) are boon or bane for society has been a centre of in-depth debate and key consideration in recent times. Exclusive physicochemical properties like small size, large surface area-to-volume ratio, robust catalytic activity, immense surface energy, magnetism and superior biocompatibility make NPs obligatory in many scientific, biomedical and industrial ventures. Nano-enabled products are newer entrants in the present era. To attenuate environmental stress and maximize crop yields, scientists are tempted to introduce NPs as augmented supplements in agriculture. The feasible approaches for NPs delivery are irrigation, foliar spraying or seed priming. Internalization of excessive NPs to plants endorses negative implications at higher trophic levels via biomagnification. The characteristics of NPs (dimensions, type, solubility, surface charge), applied concentration and duration of exposure are prime factors conferring nanotoxicity in plants. Several reports approved NPs persuaded toxicity can precisely mimic abiotic stress effects. The signature effects of nanotoxicity include poor root outgrowth, biomass reduction, oxidative stress evolution, lipid peroxidation, biomolecular damage, perturbed antioxidants, genotoxicity and nutrient imbalance in plants. NPs stress impels mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling cascade and urges stress responsive defence gene expression to counteract stress in plants. Exogenous supplementation of nitric oxide (NO), arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), phytohormones, and melatonin (ME) is novel strategy to circumvent nanotoxicity. Briefly, this review appraises plants' physio-biochemical responses and adaptation scenarios to endure NPs stress. As NPs stress represents large-scale contaminants, advanced research is indispensable to avert indiscriminate NPs usage for synchronizing nano-security in multinational markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Biswas
- Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Ave, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700017, India
| | - Suparna Pal
- Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, P-1/2, Suhrawardy Ave, Beniapukur, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700017, India.
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Ghouri F, Shahid MJ, Zhong M, Zia MA, Alomrani SO, Liu J, Sun L, Ali S, Liu X, Shahid MQ. Alleviated lead toxicity in rice plant by co-augmented action of genome doubling and TiO 2 nanoparticles on gene expression, cytological and physiological changes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168709. [PMID: 37992838 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Lead is a very toxic and futile heavy metal for rice plants because of its injurious effects on plant growth and metabolic processes. Polyploidy or whole genome doubling increases the ability of plants to withstand biotic and abiotic stress. Considering the beneficial effects of nanoparticles and tetraploid rice, this research was conducted to examine the effectiveness of tetraploid and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) in mitigating the toxic effects of lead. A diploid (E22-2x) and it's tetraploid (T-42) rice line were treated with Pb (200 μM) and TiO2 NPs (15 mg L-1). Lead toxicity dramatically reduced shoot length (16 % and 4 %) and root length (17 % and 9 %), biological yield (55 % and 36 %), and photosynthetic activity, as evidenced by lower levels of chlorophyll a and b (30 % and 9 %) in E-22 and T-42 rice cultivars compared to the control rice plants, respectively. Furthermore, lead toxicity amplified the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as malondialdehyde and H2O2, while decreasing activities of all antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxidase, peroxidase, and glutathione predominately in the diploid cultivar. Transmission electron microscopy and semi-thin section observations revealed that Pb-treated cells in E22-2x had more cell abnormalities than T-42, such as irregularly shaped mitochondria, cell wall, and reduced root cell size. Polyploidy and TiO2 reduced Pb uptake in rice cultivars and expression levels of metal transporter genes such as OsHMA9 and OsNRAMP5. According to the findings, genome doubling alleviates Pb toxicity by reducing Pb accumulation, ROS, and cell damage. Tetraploid rice can withstand the toxic effect of Pb better than diploid rice, and TiO2 NPs can alleviate the toxic impact of Pb. Our study findings act as a roadmap for future research endeavours, directing the focus toward risk management and assessing long-term impacts to balance environmental sustainability and agricultural growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fozia Ghouri
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Munazzam Jawad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Minghui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Azam Zia
- Department of Computer Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38800, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Owdah Alomrani
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran 66252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jingwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lixia Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Muhammad Qasim Shahid
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zafar H, Javed R, Zia M. Nanotoxicity assessment in plants: an updated overview. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93323-93344. [PMID: 37544947 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is rapidly emerging and innovative interdisciplinary field of science. The application of nanomaterials in agricultural biotechnology has been exponentially increased over the years that could be attributed to their uniqueness, versatility, and flexibility. The overuse of nanomaterials makes it crucial to determine their fate and distribution in the in vitro (in cell and tissue cultures) and in vivo (in living species) biological environments by investigating the nano-biointerface. The literature states that the beneficial effects of nanoparticles come along with their adverse effects, subsequently leading to an array of short-term and long-term toxicities. It has been evident that the interplay of nanoparticles with abiotic and biotic communities produces several eco-toxicological effects, and the physiology and biochemistry of crops are greatly influenced by the metabolic alterations taking place at cellular, sub-cellular, and molecular levels. Numerous risk factors affect nanoparticle's accumulation, translocation, and associated cytogenotoxicity. This review article summarizes the contributing factors, possible mechanisms, and risk assessment of hazardous effects of various types of nanoparticles to plant health. The methods for evaluating the plant nanotoxicity parameters have been elaborated. Conclusively, few recommendations are put forward for designing safer, high-quality nanomaterials to protect and maintain environmental safety for smarter agriculture demanded by researchers and industrialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hira Zafar
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Javed
- School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook, Newfoundland, A2H 5G4, Canada.
| | - Muhammad Zia
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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Podar D, Boza CL, Lung I, Soran ML, Culicov O, Stegarescu A, Opriş O, Ciorîță A, Nekhoroshkov P. The Effect of Functionalized Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with Fe and Mn Oxides on Lactuca sativa L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1959. [PMID: 37653877 PMCID: PMC10222390 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of six nanomaterials, namely CNT-COOH, CNT-MnO2, CNT-Fe3O4, CNT-MnO2-Fe3O4, MnO2, and Fe3O4 on lettuceTo determine the impact of nanomaterials on lettuce, the results obtained were compared with those for the control plant, grown in the same conditions of light, temperature, and humidity but without the addition of nanomaterial. The study found that the content of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity varied in the treated plants compared to the control ones, depending on the nanomaterial. The use of CNTs functionalized with metal oxides increases the elemental concentration of lettuce leaves for the majority of the elements. On the contrary, metal oxide nanoparticles and CNT functionalized with carboxyl groups induce a decrease in the concentration of many elements. Soil amending with MnO2 affects the content of more than ten elements in leaves. Simultaneous application of CNT and MnO2 stimulates the elemental translocation of all elements from roots to leaves, but the simultaneous use of CNT and Fe3O4 leads to the most intense translocation compared to the control other than Mo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Podar
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (C.-L.B.)
| | - Camelia-Loredana Boza
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (D.P.); (C.-L.B.)
| | - Ildiko Lung
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.L.); (M.-L.S.); (A.S.); (O.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria-Loredana Soran
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.L.); (M.-L.S.); (A.S.); (O.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Otilia Culicov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie, 1419890 Dubna, Russia;
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA, 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adina Stegarescu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.L.); (M.-L.S.); (A.S.); (O.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Ocsana Opriş
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.L.); (M.-L.S.); (A.S.); (O.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Alexandra Ciorîță
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.L.); (M.-L.S.); (A.S.); (O.O.); (A.C.)
| | - Pavel Nekhoroshkov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 6 Joliot-Curie, 1419890 Dubna, Russia;
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The Effect of Copper Salts on Bioactive Compounds and Ultrastructure of Wheat Plants. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154835. [PMID: 35956785 PMCID: PMC9369691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress agents, among them metal stress, can cause oxidative damage to plant cells. In defense, plants can increase the production of secondary metabolites in order to mitigate the harmful effects caused by them. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of two types of copper salts (CuSO4 and Cu(NO3)2), added in two different amounts in soil (150 mg/kg, respectively 300 mg/kg), on assimilating pigments, total polyphenols, antioxidant activity and the elemental composition of wheat. The obtained results were compared with those from control plants grown in the same conditions but without copper salts. The amount of assimilating pigments, total polyphenols, and antioxidant activity respectively increases or decreases in the plants treated with copper salts compared to the control depending on the stage of development of the plant. No significant damage induced in the leaves of the wheat plants treated with the selected salts was observed following the TEM analysis. In six-week-old plants it was observed by EDX analysis that the salts are transformed into nanoparticles. The bioactive compounds, elemental composition and their interaction is influenced by concentration of metal’s salt, type of salt and exposure period.
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