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He Y, Qian X, da Silva GCQ, Gabellini C, Lucherelli MA, Biagiotti G, Richichi B, Ménard-Moyon C, Gao H, Posocco P, Bianco A. Unveiling Liquid-Phase Exfoliation of Graphite and Boron Nitride Using Fluorescent Dyes Through Combined Experiments and Simulations. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307817. [PMID: 38267819 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) in aqueous solutions provides a simple, scalable, and green approach to produce 2D materials. By combining atomistic simulations with exfoliation experiments, the interaction between a surfactant and a 2D layer at the molecular scale can be better understood. In this work, two different dyes, corresponding to rhodamine B base (Rbb) and to a phenylboronic acid BODIPY (PBA-BODIPY) derivative, are employed as dispersants to exfoliate graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) through sonication-assisted LPE. The exfoliated 2D sheets, mostly as few-layers, exhibit good quality and high loading of dyes. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, the binding free energies are calculated and the arrangement of both dyes on the layers are predicted. It has been found that the dyes show a higher affinity toward hBN than graphene, which is consistent with the higher yields of exfoliated hBN. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the adsorption behavior of Rbb molecules on graphene and hBN is quite different compared to PBA-BODIPY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin He
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Xuliang Qian
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Cristian Gabellini
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Matteo Andrea Lucherelli
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universitat de Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, Paterna, Valencia, 46980, Spain
| | - Giacomo Biagiotti
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, 50019, Italy
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, 50019, Italy
| | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Huajian Gao
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of High-Performance Computing, A*STAR, Singapore, 138632, Singapore
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Paola Posocco
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Trieste, 34127, Italy
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR 3572, University of Strasbourg, ISIS, Strasbourg, 67000, France
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El-Khatib AM, Abbas MI, Mahmoud ME, Fayez-Hassan M, Khalil MH, Abd El Aal A. Polyurethane reinforced with micro/nano waste slag as a shielding panel for photons (experimental and theoretical study). Sci Rep 2024; 14:10548. [PMID: 38719844 PMCID: PMC11078965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study not only provides an innovative technique for producing rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) composites, but it also offers a way to reuse metallurgical solid waste. Rigid polyurethane (RPUF) composite samples have been prepared with different proportions of iron slag as additives, with a range of 0-25% mass by weight. The process of grinding iron slag microparticles into iron slag nanoparticles powder was accomplished with the use of a high-energy ball mill. The synthesized samples have been characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscope. Then, their radiation shielding properties were measured by using A hyper-pure germanium detector using point sources 241Am, 133 BA, 152 EU, 137Cs, and 60Co, with an energy range of 0.059-1.408 MeV. Then using Fluka simulation code to validate the results in the energy range of photon energies of 0.0001-100 MeV. The linear attenuation coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half-value layer and tenth-value layer, were calculated to determine the radiation shielding characteristics of the composite samples. The calculated values are in good agreement with the calculated values. The results of this study showed that the gamma-ray and neutron attenuation parameters of the studied polyurethane composite samples have improved. Moreover, the effect of iron slag not only increases the gamma-ray attenuation shielding properties but also enhances compressive strength and the thermal stability. Which encourages us to use polyurethane iron-slag composite foam in sandwich panel manufacturing as walls to provide protection from radiation and also heat insulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M El-Khatib
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud I Abbas
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Mahmoud
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Fayez-Hassan
- Experimental Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Inshas, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
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Junaedi H, Khan T, Sebaey TA. Characteristics of Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Face Sheet and Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Rigid Polyurethane Foam Sandwich Structures under Flexural and Compression Tests. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5101. [PMID: 37512375 PMCID: PMC10385354 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Composite sandwich structures are extensively used in aircraft applications. Aircraft components are required to be robust and lightweight. Sandwich structures made of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer as the facing sheets and milled-glass-fiber-reinforced rigid polyurethane foam with a different glass fiber content as the core structure were prepared. The influence of glass fiber content in the foam on the sandwich structure's mechanical properties was investigated. Flexural and compression tests were performed to assess the mechanical properties of the sandwich structures. Visual inspection and an optical microscope were used to observe the morphology of the polyurethane composite foams at different contents. From the flexural test, the force, facing stress and core shear stress improved with the increase in the milled fiber loading with the maximum increase at 10 wt.% loading and then a drop. Meanwhile, the compression modulus and strength increased up to 20 wt.% loadings and then dropped subsequently. The increase in the polyurethane composite foam's compression strength shifted the bending load's failure type from facing crack failure into core shear failure. The loadings range of 8-10 wt.% showed a transitional of the bending loading failure type. The density of the foams increased with the increase in milled glass fiber loading. At 10 wt.% loading, the density increased by 20%, and it increased by 47% at 30 wt.% loading. At 30 wt% loading, the optical microscope images of the foam showed wall thinning and broken walls that were responsible for the drop in the mechanical properties of the sandwich.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Junaedi
- Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tabrej Khan
- Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tamer A Sebaey
- Engineering Management Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Design and Production Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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