1
|
Zheng Z, Yang Q, Song S, Pan Y, Xue H, Li J. Anti-Oxidized Self-Assembly of Multilayered F-Mene/MXene/TPU Composite with Improved Environmental Stability and Pressure Sensing Performances. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1337. [PMID: 38794530 PMCID: PMC11125229 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
MXenes, as emerging 2D sensing materials for next-generation electronics, have attracted tremendous attention owing to their extraordinary electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and flexibility. However, challenges remain due to the weak stability in the oxygen environment and nonnegligible aggregation of layered MXenes, which severely affect the durability and sensing performances of the corresponding MXene-based pressure sensors, respectively. Here, in this work, we propose an easy-to-fabricate self-assembly strategy to prepare multilayered MXene composite films, where the first layer MXene is hydrogen-bond self-assembled on the electrospun thermoplastic urethane (TPU) fibers surface and the anti-oxidized functionalized-MXene (f-MXene) is subsequently adhered on the MXene layer by spontaneous electrostatic attraction. Remarkably, the f-MXene surface is functionalized with silanization reagents to form a hydrophobic protective layer, thus preventing the oxidation of the MXene-based pressure sensor during service. Simultaneously, the electrostatic self-assembled MXene and f-MXene successfully avoid the invalid stacking of MXene, leading to an improved pressure sensitivity. Moreover, the adopted electrospinning method can facilitate cyclic self-assembly and the formation of a hierarchical micro-nano porous structure of the multilayered f-MXene/MXene/TPU (M-fM2T) composite. The gradient pores can generate changes in the conductive pathways within a wide loading range, broadening the pressure detection range of the as-proposed multilayered f-MXene/MXene/TPU piezoresistive sensor (M-fM2TPS). Experimentally, these novel features endow our M-fM2TPS with an outstanding maximum sensitivity of 40.31 kPa-1 and an extensive sensing range of up to 120 kPa. Additionally, our M-fM2TPS exhibits excellent anti-oxidized properties for environmental stability and mechanical reliability for long-term use, which shows only ~0.8% fractional resistance changes after being placed in a natural environment for over 30 days and provides a reproducible loading-unloading pressure measurement for more than 1000 cycles. As a proof of concept, the M-fM2TPS is deployed to monitor human movements and radial artery pulse. Our anti-oxidized self-assembly strategy of multilayered MXene is expected to guide the future investigation of MXene-based advanced sensors with commercial values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jing Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Manufacturing Quantity Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China; (Z.Z.); (Q.Y.); (S.S.); (Y.P.); (H.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Z, Li K, Wang W, Zhang T, Yang X. Ultrawide linear range, high sensitivity, and large-area pressure sensor arrays enabled by pneumatic spraying broccoli-like microstructures. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:2271-2280. [PMID: 38439709 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh02232c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Large-area pressure sensor arrays with a wide linear response range and high sensitivity are beneficial to map the inhomogeneous interface pressure, which is significant in practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a pneumatic spraying method to prepare large-area microstructure films (PSMF) for high performance pressure sensor arrays. The sprayed surface morphology is designable by controlling the spraying parameters. It is worth noting that the constructed "broccoli" like morphology with a swollen top and shrunken bottom inspired a new mechanism to enlarge the linear response range by decreasing the series resistance with pressure increasing. At the same time, the pneumatic sprayed "broccoli" has a rough surface due to droplet stacking, which reduces the initial current effectively. Hence, the sensor achieves a 10 000 kPa ultrawide linear response range with a high sensitivity (98.71 kPa-1), and low detection (5 Pa). The prepared sensor has a small static response error (4.4%) and 5000 cycle full-range dynamic response durability. Finally, the constructed sensor arrays can distinguish the pressure distribution in different ranges clearly, which indicates a great potential in health care, motion detection, and the tire industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Huangpu Institute of Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Xiaoniu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Seesaard T, Wongchoosuk C. Flexible and Stretchable Pressure Sensors: From Basic Principles to State-of-the-Art Applications. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1638. [PMID: 37630177 PMCID: PMC10456594 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Flexible and stretchable electronics have emerged as highly promising technologies for the next generation of electronic devices. These advancements offer numerous advantages, such as flexibility, biocompatibility, bio-integrated circuits, and light weight, enabling new possibilities in diverse applications, including e-textiles, smart lenses, healthcare technologies, smart manufacturing, consumer electronics, and smart wearable devices. In recent years, significant attention has been devoted to flexible and stretchable pressure sensors due to their potential integration with medical and healthcare devices for monitoring human activity and biological signals, such as heartbeat, respiratory rate, blood pressure, blood oxygen saturation, and muscle activity. This review comprehensively covers all aspects of recent developments in flexible and stretchable pressure sensors. It encompasses fundamental principles, force/pressure-sensitive materials, fabrication techniques for low-cost and high-performance pressure sensors, investigations of sensing mechanisms (piezoresistivity, capacitance, piezoelectricity), and state-of-the-art applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thara Seesaard
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kanchanaburi Rajabhat University, Kanchanaburi 71190, Thailand;
| | - Chatchawal Wongchoosuk
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Diwan T, Abudi ZN, Al-Furaiji MH, Nijmeijer A. A Competitive Study Using Electrospinning and Phase Inversion to Prepare Polymeric Membranes for Oil Removal. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13050474. [PMID: 37233535 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is a popular polymer that can be made into membranes using various techniques, such as electrospinning and phase inversion. Electrospinning is a novel technique that produces nonwoven nanofiber-based membranes with highly tunable properties. In this research, electrospun PAN nanofiber membranes with various concentrations (10, 12, and 14% PAN/dimethylformamide (DMF)) were prepared and compared to PAN cast membranes prepared by the phase inversion technique. All of the prepared membranes were tested for oil removal in a cross-flow filtration system. A comparison between these membranes' surface morphology, topography, wettability, and porosity was presented and analyzed. The results showed that increasing the concentration of the PAN precursor solution increases surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and porosity and, consequently, enhances the membrane performance. However, the PAN cast membranes showed a lower water flux when the precursor solution concentration increased. In general, the electrospun PAN membranes performed better in terms of water flux and oil rejection than the cast PAN membranes. The electrospun 14% PAN/DMF membrane gave a water flux of 250 LMH and a rejection of 97% compared to the cast 14% PAN/DMF membrane, which showed a water flux of 117 LMH and 94% oil rejection. This is mainly because the nanofibrous membrane showed higher porosity, higher hydrophilicity, and higher surface roughness compared to the cast PAN membranes at the same polymer concentration. The porosity of the electrospun PAN membrane was 96%, while it was 58% for the cast 14% PAN/DMF membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamer Diwan
- Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq
- Technical Directorate, Ministry of Environment, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Zaidun N Abudi
- Environmental Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq
| | - Mustafa H Al-Furaiji
- Environment and Water Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Arian Nijmeijer
- Inorganic Membranes, Department of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang X, Feng Z, Zhang G, Wang L, Chen L, Yang J, Wang Z. Flexible Sensors Array Based on Frosted Microstructured Ecoflex Film and TPU Nanofibers for Epidermal Pulse Wave Monitoring. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3717. [PMID: 37050777 PMCID: PMC10099249 DOI: 10.3390/s23073717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in flexible pressure sensors have fueled increasing attention as promising technologies with which to realize human epidermal pulse wave monitoring for the early diagnosis and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, strict requirements of a single sensor on the arterial position make it difficult to meet the practical application scenarios. Herein, based on three single-electrode sensors with small area, a 3 × 1 flexible pressure sensor array was developed to enable measurement of epidermal pulse waves at different local positions of radial artery. The designed single sensor holds an area of 6 × 6 mm2, which mainly consists of frosted microstructured Ecoflex film and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers. The Ecoflex film was formed by spinning Ecoflex solution onto a sandpaper surface. Micropatterned TPU nanofibers were prepared on a fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film surface using the electrospinning method. The combination of frosted microstructure and nanofibers provides an increase in the contact separation of the tribopair, which is of great benefit for improving sensor performance. Due to this structure design, the single small-area sensor was characterized by pressure sensitivity of 0.14 V/kPa, a response time of 22 ms, a wide frequency band ranging from 1 to 23 Hz, and stability up to 7000 cycles. Given this output performance, the fabricated sensor can detect subtle physiological signals (e.g., respiration, ballistocardiogram, and heartbeat) and body movement. More importantly, the sensor can be utilized in capturing human epidermal pulse waves with rich details, and the consistency of each cycle in the same measurement is as high as 0.9987. The 3 × 1 flexible sensor array is employed to acquire pulse waves at different local positions of the radial artery. In addition, the time domain parameters including pulse wave transmission time (PTT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) can be obtained successfully, which holds promising potential in pulse-based cardiovascular system status monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhiping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Gaoqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Luna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems Ministry of Education, Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhonglin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pan CT, Dutt K, Kumar A, Kumar R, Chuang CH, Lo YT, Wen ZH, Wang CS, Kuo SW. PVDF/AgNP/MXene composites-based near-field electrospun fiber with enhanced piezoelectric performance for self-powered wearable sensors. Int J Bioprint 2022; 9:647. [PMID: 36844238 PMCID: PMC9947487 DOI: 10.18063/ijb.v9i1.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
336MXenes, as highly electronegative and conductive two-dimensional nanomaterials, are extensively studied for their use in sensors and flexible electronics. In this study, near-field electrospinning was used to prepare a new poly(vinylidene difluoride) (PVDF)/Ag nanoparticle (AgNP)/MXene composite nanofiber film as a self-powered flexible human motion-sensing device. The composite film displayed highly piezoelectric properties with the presence of MXene. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the intercalated MXene in the composite nanofibers was evenly spread out, which not only prevented the aggregation of MXene but also enabled the composite materials to form self-reduced AgNPs. The prepared PVDF/AgNP/MXene fibers displayed exceptional stability and excellent output performance, enabling their use for energy harvesting and powering light-emitting diodes. The doping of MXene/AgNPs increased the electrical conductivity of the PVDF material, improved its piezoelectric properties, and enhanced the piezoelectric constant of PVDF piezoelectric fibers, thereby allowing the production of flexible, sustainable, wearable, and self-powered electrical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tang Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan,Institute of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Testing, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Karishma Dutt
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Amit Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Shu Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80284, Taiwan, ROC,Corresponding author: Shiao-Wei Kuo ()
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductor Packaging and Testing, College of Semiconductor and Advanced Technology Research, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan,Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Functional Polymers and Supramolecular Materials, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan,Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan,Corresponding author: Shiao-Wei Kuo ()
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duan Y, Wu J, He S, Su B, Li Z, Wang Y. Bioinspired Spinosum Capacitive Pressure Sensor Based on CNT/PDMS Nanocomposites for Broad Range and High Sensitivity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3265. [PMID: 36234394 PMCID: PMC9565558 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors have garnered much attention recently owing to their prospective applications in fields such as structural health monitoring. Capacitive pressure sensors have been extensively researched due to their exceptional features, such as a simple structure, strong repeatability, minimal loss and temperature independence. Inspired by the skin epidermis, we report a high-sensitivity flexible capacitive pressure sensor with a broad detection range comprising a bioinspired spinosum dielectric layer. Using an abrasive paper template, the bioinspired spinosum was fabricated using carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane (CNT/PDMS) composites. It was observed that nanocomposites comprising 1 wt% CNTs had excellent sensing properties. These capacitive pressure sensors allowed them to function at a wider pressure range (~500 kPa) while maintaining sensitivity (0.25 kPa-1) in the range of 0-50 kPa, a quick response time of approximately 20 ms and a high stability even after 10,000 loading-unloading cycles. Finally, a capacitive pressure sensor array was created to detect the deformation of tires, which provides a fresh approach to achieving intelligent tires.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhao Duan
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jian Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Shixue He
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Benlong Su
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Youshan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
- Center for Rubber Composite Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| |
Collapse
|