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Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Marques D, Figueira I, Cankar K, Bosch D, Brito MA, Dos Santos CN. Costunolide and parthenolide: Novel blood-brain barrier permeable sesquiterpene lactones to improve barrier tightness. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115413. [PMID: 37683593 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpene lactones - such as those found in chicory - are considered promising bioactive compounds. These small molecules have shown several health benefits for various diseases, including brain disorders. However, it is unknown whether these compounds can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and which could be the effects on brain microvascular endothelial cells. We show that six sesquiterpene lactones evaluated in an in vitro model of the BBB have different capacities to be transported through the barrier. Costunolide presented more than 20 % of transport while lactucin, 11β-13-dihydrolactucin, 11β-13-dihydrolactucopicrin, and parthenolide presented between 10 % and 20 %, whilst almost no transport was detected for lactucopicrin. Furthermore, costunolide and parthenolide reduced P-gp ABC transporter expression alongside an increase in caveolin-1, the main protein of caveolae. Remarkably, these two compounds improved barrier tightness by increasing the expression of both tight and adherens junctions. These findings open a new avenue to explore costunolide and parthenolide as promising compounds for brain therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Ángeles Ávila-Gálvez
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniela Marques
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Figueira
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Katarina Cankar
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Plant Research, BU Bioscience, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Bosch
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Plant Research, BU Bioscience, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Alexandra Brito
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
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2
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Rasul HO, Aziz BK, Ghafour DD, Kivrak A. Discovery of potential mTOR inhibitors from Cichorium intybus to find new candidate drugs targeting the pathological protein related to the breast cancer: an integrated computational approach. Mol Divers 2023; 27:1141-1162. [PMID: 35737256 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women. It is a complex condition with many subtypes based on the hormone receptor. The mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway regulates cell survival, metabolism, growth, and protein synthesis in response to upstream signals in both normal physiological and pathological situations, primarily in cancer. The objective of this study was to screen for a potential target to inhibit the mTOR using a variety of inhibitors derived from Cichorium intybus and to identify the one with the highest binding affinity for the receptor protein. Initially, AutoDock Vina was used to perform structure-based virtual screening, as protein-like interactions are critical in drug development. For the comparative analysis, 110 components of Cichorium intybus were employed and ten FDA-approved anticancer medicines, including everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor. Further, the drug-likeness and ADMET properties were investigated to evaluate the anti-breast cancer activity by applying Lipinski's rule of five to the selected molecules. The promising candidates were then subjected to three replica molecular dynamics simulations run for 100 ns, followed by binding free energy estimation using MM-GBSA. The data were analyzed using root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), and protein-ligand interactions to determine the stability of the protein-ligand complex. Based on the results, taraxerone (98) revealed optimum binding affinities with mTOR, followed by stigmasterol (110) and rutin (104), which compared favorably to the control compounds. Subsequently, bioactive compounds derived from Cichorium intybus may serve as lead molecules for developing potent and effective mTOR inhibitors to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hezha O Rasul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Medicals and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Peshawa Street, Chamchamal, Sulaimani, 46023, Iraq.
| | - Bakhtyar K Aziz
- Department of Nanoscience and Applied Chemistry, College of Medicals and Applied Sciences, Charmo University, Peshawa Street, Chamchamal, Sulaimani, 46023, Iraq
| | - Dlzar D Ghafour
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani, 46001, Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, 46001, Iraq
| | - Arif Kivrak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, 26040, Turkey
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3
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Cankar K, Hakkert JC, Sevenier R, Papastolopoulou C, Schipper B, Baixinho JP, Fernández N, Matos MS, Serra AT, Santos CN, Vahabi K, Tissier A, Bundock P, Bosch D. Lactucin Synthase Inactivation Boosts the Accumulation of Anti-inflammatory 8-Deoxylactucin and Its Derivatives in Chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:6061-6072. [PMID: 37036799 PMCID: PMC10119987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
For several sesquiterpene lactones (STLs) found in Asteraceae plants, very interesting biomedical activities have been demonstrated. Chicory roots accumulate the guaianolide STLs 8-deoxylactucin, lactucin, and lactucopicrin predominantly in oxalated forms in the latex. In this work, a supercritical fluid extract fraction of chicory STLs containing 8-deoxylactucin and 11β,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin was shown to have anti-inflammatory activity in an inflamed intestinal mucosa model. To increase the accumulation of these two compounds in chicory taproots, the lactucin synthase that takes 8-deoxylactucin as the substrate for the regiospecific hydroxylation to generate lactucin needs to be inactivated. Three candidate cytochrome P450 enzymes of the CYP71 clan were identified in chicory. Their targeted inactivation using the CRISPR/Cas9 approach identified CYP71DD33 to have lactucin synthase activity. The analysis of the terpene profile of the taproots of plants with edits in CYP71DD33 revealed a nearly complete elimination of the endogenous chicory STLs lactucin and lactucopicrin and their corresponding oxalates. Indeed, in the same lines, the interruption of biosynthesis resulted in a strong increase of 8-deoxylactucin and its derivatives. The enzyme activity of CYP71DD33 to convert 8-deoxylactucin to lactucin was additionally demonstrated in vitro using yeast microsome assays. The identified chicory lactucin synthase gene is predominantly expressed in the chicory latex, indicating that the late steps in the STL biosynthesis take place in the latex. This study contributes to further elucidation of the STL pathway in chicory and shows that root chicory can be positioned as a crop from which different health products can be extracted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Cankar
- Wageningen
Plant Research, Wageningen University &
Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Christina Hakkert
- Wageningen
Plant Research, Wageningen University &
Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Sevenier
- Keygene
N.V., Agro Business Park
90, 6708PW Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Christina Papastolopoulou
- Wageningen
Plant Research, Wageningen University &
Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Schipper
- Wageningen
Plant Research, Wageningen University &
Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - João P. Baixinho
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto
de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Naiara Fernández
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Melanie S. Matos
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto
de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Serra
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto
de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Claudia Nunes Santos
- Instituto
de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Av. República, Qta. Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto
de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
- iNOVA4Health,
NOVA Medical School Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM,
Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Khabat Vahabi
- Department
of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute
of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alain Tissier
- Department
of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute
of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Martin-Luther-Universität
Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Pharmazie, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Paul Bundock
- Keygene
N.V., Agro Business Park
90, 6708PW Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Bosch
- Wageningen
Plant Research, Wageningen University &
Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Cichorium intybus L. Hairy Roots as a Platform for Antimicrobial Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ph16020140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial chicory is an important crop for its high dietary fibre content. Besides inulin, chicory taproots contain interesting secondary metabolite compounds, which possess bioactive properties. Hairy roots are differentiated plant cell cultures that have shown to be feasible biotechnological hosts for the production of several plant-derived molecules. In this study, hairy roots of industrial chicory cultivars were established, and their potential as a source of antimicrobial ingredients was assessed. It was shown that hot water extracts of hairy roots possessed antimicrobial activity against relevant human microbes, whereas corresponding chicory taproots did not show activity. Remarkably, a significant antimicrobial activity of hot water extracts of chicory hairy roots towards methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was observed, indicating a high potential of hairy roots as a host for production of antimicrobial agents.
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Enzyme-treated chicory for cosmetics: application assessment and techno-economic analysis. AMB Express 2022; 12:152. [PMID: 36472772 PMCID: PMC9727056 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an important industrial crop that produces large quantities of the dietary fiber inulin in its roots. Following inulin extraction, the bagasse is typically used as animal feed, but it contains numerous bioactive secondary metabolites with potential applications in healthcare and cosmetic products. Here we assessed the antimicrobial properties of chicory biomass pre-treated with various enzymes alone and in combination to release the bioactive compounds and increase their bioavailability. We found that pre-treatment significantly increased the antimicrobial activity of this industrial by-product, yielding an extract that inhibited typical skin pathogens in a cosmetic formula challenge test. We also evaluated the valorization of chicory biomass as a bioactive cosmetic ingredient. Economic feasibility was estimated by combining our experimental results with a conceptual techno-economic analysis. Our results suggest that chicory biomass can be utilized for the sustainable production of efficacious cosmetic ingredients.
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6
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Hingsamer M, Kulmer V, de Roode M, Kernitzkyi M. Environmental and socio-economic impacts of new plant breeding technologies: A case study of root chicory for inulin production. Front Genome Ed 2022; 4:919392. [PMID: 36275198 PMCID: PMC9582860 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2022.919392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In Europe, root chicory and other plants are cultivated for their prebiotic food fiber, inulin, which boosts the growth of beneficial gut bacteria and stimulates the human immune system. CHIC, a H2020 project, develops new chicory variants which produce more and reported to be healthier inulin as well as medicinal terpenes. This paper presents an environmental and socio-economic assessment of the whole value chain of the new chicory variants and their derived products using a case study based in the Netherlands. Two scenarios based on new chicory variants using new plant breeding technologies (NPBT) are analyzed and impacts thereof are compared to the reference scenario; the current commercial inulin process from conventional chicory. Both scenarios show higher inulin content, but the inulin adsorption process differs. While one aims to optimize inulin yield, the other one explores the potential of a multipurpose use, yielding inulin and health beneficial terpenes. Methodologically, we employ multi-regional input-output (MRIO) analysis to estimate additional economic benefits, added value and job creation, while by means of life cycle assessment (LCA) effects on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and primary energy demand are derived. Both methods, MRIO and LCA, are well suited to analyze the raised issues and draw on the same data. Generally, the results highlight the importance of inulin production at a national and EU-level in the reference scenario. In case of the two scenarios, we find that the related socio-economic impacts are much higher than in the reference scenario and thus highlight their ability to boost economic activity and increase competiveness of the EU, i.e. over 80% of the generated value added stays in the EU. In terms of environmental impacts, the two scenarios show lower GHG emissions and primary energy demand due to the higher efficiencies of the process in the scenarios compared to the reference inulin process. Additionally, regarding the goal of climate neutral production, we find that the majority of GHG emissions stem from the electricity mix and natural gas demand. Replacing these sources of energy with more renewable ones will contribute to this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hingsamer
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, LIFE—Institute for Climate, Energy and Society, Graz, Austria,*Correspondence: Maria Hingsamer,
| | - Veronika Kulmer
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, LIFE—Institute for Climate, Energy and Society, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Michael Kernitzkyi
- Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, LIFE—Institute for Climate, Energy and Society, Graz, Austria
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7
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The Complexity of Sesquiterpene Chemistry Dictates Its Pleiotropic Biologic Effects on Inflammation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082450. [PMID: 35458648 PMCID: PMC9032002 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesquiterpenes (SQs) are volatile compounds made by plants, insects, and marine organisms. SQ have a large range of biological properties and are potent inhibitors and modulators of inflammation, targeting specific components of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway and nitric oxide (NO) generation. Because SQs can be isolated from over 1600 genera and 2500 species grown worldwide, they are an attractive source of phytochemical therapeutics. The chemical structure and biosynthesis of SQs is complex, and the SQ scaffold represents extraordinary structural variety consisting of both acyclic and cyclic (mono, bi, tri, and tetracyclic) compounds. These structures can be decorated with a diverse range of functional groups and substituents, generating many stereospecific configurations. In this review, the effect of SQs on inflammation will be discussed in the context of their complex chemistry. Because inflammation is a multifactorial process, we focus on specific aspects of inflammation: the inhibition of NF-kB signaling, disruption of NO production and modulation of dendritic cells, mast cells, and monocytes. Although the molecular targets of SQs are varied, we discuss how these pathways may mediate the effects of SQs on inflammation.
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8
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Pouille CL, Ouaza S, Roels E, Behra J, Tourret M, Molinié R, Fontaine JX, Mathiron D, Gagneul D, Taminiau B, Daube G, Ravallec R, Rambaud C, Hilbert JL, Cudennec B, Lucau-Danila A. Chicory: Understanding the Effects and Effectors of This Functional Food. Nutrients 2022; 14:957. [PMID: 35267932 PMCID: PMC8912540 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial chicory has been the subject of numerous studies, most of which provide clinical observations on its health effects. Whether it is the roasted root, the flour obtained from the roots or the different classes of molecules that enter into the composition of this plant, understanding the molecular mechanisms of action on the human organism remains incomplete. In this study, we were interested in three molecules or classes of molecules present in chicory root: fructose, chlorogenic acids, and sesquiterpene lactones. We conducted experiments on the murine model and performed a nutrigenomic analysis, a metabolic hormone assay and a gut microbiota analysis, associated with in vitro observations for different responses. We have highlighted a large number of effects of all these classes of molecules that suggest a pro-apoptotic activity, an anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effect and also an important role in appetite regulation. A significant prebiotic activity was also identified. Fructose seems to be the most involved in these activities, contributing to approximately 83% of recorded responses, but the other classes of tested molecules have shown a specific role for these different effects, with an estimated contribution of 23-24%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline L. Pouille
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Souad Ouaza
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Elise Roels
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Josette Behra
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Melissa Tourret
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Roland Molinié
- UMR Transfontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), 80025 Amiens, France; (R.M.); (J.-X.F.)
| | - Jean-Xavier Fontaine
- UMR Transfontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—BIOlogie des Plantes et Innovation (BIOPI), 80025 Amiens, France; (R.M.); (J.-X.F.)
| | - David Mathiron
- Plateforme Analytique UFR des Sciences, UPJV, Bâtiment Serres-Transfert Rue Dallery-Passage du Sourire d’Avril, 80039 Amiens, France;
| | - David Gagneul
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Department of Food Sciences–Microbiology, FARAH, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (B.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Georges Daube
- Department of Food Sciences–Microbiology, FARAH, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (B.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Rozenn Ravallec
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Caroline Rambaud
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Jean-Louis Hilbert
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Benoit Cudennec
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
| | - Anca Lucau-Danila
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro N° 1158, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, JUNIA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ICV, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417—Institut Charles Viollette, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France; (C.L.P.); (S.O.); (E.R.); (J.B.); (M.T.); (D.G.); (R.R.); (C.R.); (J.-L.H.); (B.C.)
- Joint Laboratory CHIC41H University of Lille-Florimond-Desprez, Cité scientifique, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
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9
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Häkkinen ST, Soković M, Nohynek L, Ćirić A, Ivanov M, Stojković D, Tsitko I, Matos M, Baixinho JP, Ivasiv V, Fernández N, Nunes dos Santos C, Oksman-Caldentey KM. Chicory Extracts and Sesquiterpene Lactones Show Potent Activity against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14090941. [PMID: 34577641 PMCID: PMC8469098 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is an important industrial crop cultivated mainly to extract the dietary fiber inulin. However, chicory also contains bioactive compounds such as sesquiterpene lactones and certain polyphenols, which are currently discarded as waste. Plants are an important source of active pharmaceutical ingredients, including novel antimicrobials that are urgently needed due to the global spread of drug-resistant bacteria and fungi. Here, we tested different extracts of chicory for a range of bioactivities, including antimicrobial, antifungal and cytotoxicity assays. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were generally more potent in ethyl acetate extracts compared to water extracts, whereas supercritical fluid extracts showed the broadest range of bioactivities in our assays. Remarkably, the chicory supercritical fluid extract and a purified fraction thereof inhibited both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and ampicillin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa IBRS P001. Chicory extracts also showed higher antibiofilm activity against the yeast Candida albicans than standard sesquiterpene lactone compounds. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was generally low. Our results may thus lead to the development of novel antibacterial and antifungal preparations that are both effective and safe for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi T. Häkkinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, Tietotie 2, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; (L.N.); (I.T.); (K.-M.O.-C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marina Soković
- Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (A.Ć.); (M.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Liisa Nohynek
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, Tietotie 2, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; (L.N.); (I.T.); (K.-M.O.-C.)
| | - Ana Ćirić
- Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (A.Ć.); (M.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (A.Ć.); (M.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.S.); (A.Ć.); (M.I.); (D.S.)
| | - Irina Tsitko
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, Tietotie 2, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; (L.N.); (I.T.); (K.-M.O.-C.)
| | - Melanie Matos
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal;
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (V.I.); (N.F.); (C.N.d.S.)
| | - João P. Baixinho
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (V.I.); (N.F.); (C.N.d.S.)
| | - Viktoriya Ivasiv
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (V.I.); (N.F.); (C.N.d.S.)
| | - Naiara Fernández
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (V.I.); (N.F.); (C.N.d.S.)
| | - Claudia Nunes dos Santos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (V.I.); (N.F.); (C.N.d.S.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., P.O. Box 1000, Tietotie 2, FI-02044 VTT Espoo, Finland; (L.N.); (I.T.); (K.-M.O.-C.)
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10
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Matos MS, Anastácio JD, Nunes dos Santos C. Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13070991. [PMID: 34208907 PMCID: PMC8309091 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie S. Matos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.D.A.)
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José D. Anastácio
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.D.A.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (M.S.M.); (J.D.A.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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11
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Baixinho JP, Anastácio JD, Ivasiv V, Cankar K, Bosch D, Menezes R, de Roode M, dos Santos CN, Matias AA, Fernández N. Supercritical CO 2 Extraction as a Tool to Isolate Anti-Inflammatory Sesquiterpene Lactones from Cichorium intybus L. Roots. Molecules 2021; 26:2583. [PMID: 33925241 PMCID: PMC8125565 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cichorium intybus L. or chicory plants are a natural source of health-promoting compounds in the form of supplements such as inulin, as well as other bioactive compounds such as sesquiterpene lactones (SLs). After inulin extraction, chicory roots are considered waste, with most SLs not being harnessed. We developed and optimized a new strategy for SL extraction that can contribute to the conversion of chicory root waste into valuable products to be used in human health-promoting applications. In our work, rich fractions of SLs were recovered from chicory roots using supercritical CO2. A response surface methodology was used to optimize the process parameters (pressure, temperature, flow rate, and co-solvent percentage) for the extraction performance. The best operating conditions were achieved at 350 bar, 40 °C, and 10% EtOH as a co-solvent in a 15 g/min flow rate for 120 min. The extraction with supercritical CO2 revealed to be more selective for the SLs than the conventional solid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. In our work, 1.68% mass and a 0.09% sesquiterpenes yield extraction were obtained, including the recovery of two sesquiterpene lactones (8-deoxylactucin and 11β,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin), which, to the best of our knowledge, are not commercially available. A mixture of the abovementioned compounds were tested at different concentrations for their toxic profile and anti-inflammatory potential towards a human calcineurin/NFAT orthologue pathway in a yeast model, the calcineurin/Crz1 pathway. The SFE extract obtained, rich in SLs, yielded results of inhibition of 61.74 ± 6.87% with 50 µg/mL, and the purified fraction containing 8-deoxylactucin and 11β,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin inhibited the activation of the reporter gene up to 53.38 ± 3.9% at 10 µg/mL. The potential activity of the purified fraction was also validated by the ability to inhibit Crz1 nuclear translocation and accumulation. These results reveal a possible exploitable green technology to recover potential anti-inflammatory compounds from chicory roots waste after inulin extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P. Baixinho
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
| | - José D. Anastácio
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Viktoriya Ivasiv
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Katarina Cankar
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Plant Research, BU Bioscience, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; (K.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Dirk Bosch
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen Plant Research, BU Bioscience, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands; (K.C.); (D.B.)
| | - Regina Menezes
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Matthew de Roode
- Sensus B.V., Oostelijke Havendijk 15, 4704 RA Roosendaal, The Netherlands;
| | - Cláudia Nunes dos Santos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana A. Matias
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Naiara Fernández
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; (J.P.B.); (J.D.A.); (V.I.); (R.M.); (C.N.d.S.); (A.A.M.)
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12
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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame? Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010037. [PMID: 33374235 PMCID: PMC7824474 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For years, it has been reported that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Various external and internal factors may contribute to the early onset of AD. This review highlights a contribution of the disturbances in the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis to the development of AD. Alteration in the gut microbiota composition is determined by increase in the permeability of the gut barrier and immune cell activation, leading to impairment in the blood–brain barrier function that promotes neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, neural injury, and ultimately AD. Numerous studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in brain function and changes in the behavior of individuals and the formation of bacterial amyloids. Lipopolysaccharides and bacterial amyloids synthesized by the gut microbiota can trigger the immune cells residing in the brain and can activate the immune response leading to neuroinflammation. Growing experimental and clinical data indicate the prominent role of gut dysbiosis and microbiota–host interactions in AD. Modulation of the gut microbiota with antibiotics or probiotic supplementation may create new preventive and therapeutic options in AD. Accumulating evidences affirm that research on MGB involvement in AD is necessary for new treatment targets and therapies for AD.
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