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Someko H, Yamamoto N, Ito T, Suzuki T, Tsuge T, Yabuzaki H, Dohi E, Kataoka Y. Misleading presentations in functional food trials led by contract research organizations were frequently observed in Japan: meta-epidemiological study. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 169:111302. [PMID: 38417584 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The functional food market has experienced significant growth, leading to an uptick in clinical trials conducted by contract research organizations (CROs). Research focusing on CRO-managed trials and the communication of trial outcomes to the consumer market remains underexplored. This metaepidemiological study aims to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) facilitated by prominent CROs in Japan and to examine the quality of the representations used to convey their results to consumers. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This study focused on the food trials that were registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trial Registry or the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform by the top 5 CROs. Press releases of study results or advertisements of food products based on the study results were identified by conducting a Google search. The risk of bias in the RCT publications was independently assessed by 2 reviewers, who also evaluated the presence of "spin" in the abstracts and full texts. An assessment of "spin" in press releases/advertisements was undertaken. RESULTS A total of 76 RCT registrations, 32 RCT publications, and 11 press releases/advertisements were included. Approximately 72% of the RCT publications exhibited a high risk of bias due to selective outcome reporting. "Spin" was present in the results of the abstract (72%), abstract conclusion (81%), full-text results (44%), and full-text conclusion (84%). "Spin" appeared in 73% of press releases/advertisements due to the selective outcome reporting. CONCLUSION Functional food presentations in Japan frequently contained "spin." The Japanese government should more rigorously check whether food manufacturers report outcomes selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Someko
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Asahi General Hospital, I-1326, Asahi, Chiba, 289-2511, Japan; Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan.
| | - Norio Yamamoto
- Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ito
- Department of Regulatory Science and Pharmaceutical Informatics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Shichibancho 25-1, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Suzuki
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Urasoe General Hospital, Maeda 1-56-1, Urasoe, Okinawa, 901-2102, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuge
- Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan; Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Kurashiki Medical Center, 250 Bakuro, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-8522, Japan
| | - Hajime Yabuzaki
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Koga Community Hospital, Daikakuji 2-30-1, Yaizu, Shizuoka, 425-0088, Japan
| | - Eisuke Dohi
- Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Ogawahigashi-cho 4-1-1, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Kataoka
- Scientific Research WorkS Peer Support Group (SRWS-PSG), Osaka, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine, Kyoto Min-iren Asukai Hospital, Tanaka Asukai-cho 89, Kyoto, 606-8226, Japan; Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin Kawara-cho 54, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine/School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Aprea G, Del Matto I, Tucci P, Marino L, Scattolini S, Rossi F. In Vivo Functional Properties of Dairy Bacteria. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1787. [PMID: 37512959 PMCID: PMC10385490 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This literature review aimed to collect investigations on the in vivo evidence for bacteria associated with fermented dairy foods to behave as probiotics with beneficial effects in the prevention and treatment of various diseases. All main bacterial groups commonly present in high numbers in fermented milks or cheeses were taken into account, namely starter lactic acid bacteria (SLAB) Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and lactis, L. helveticus, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, non-starter LAB (NSLAB) Lacticaseibacillus spp., Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, dairy propionibacteria, and other less frequently encountered species. Only studies regarding strains of proven dairy origin were considered. Studies in animal models and clinical studies showed that dairy bacteria ameliorate symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mucositis, metabolic syndrome, aging and oxidative stress, cancer, bone diseases, atopic dermatitis, allergies, infections and damage caused by pollutants, mild stress, and depression. Immunomodulation and changes in the intestinal microbiota were the mechanisms most often involved in the observed effects. The results of the studies considered indicated that milk and dairy products are a rich source of beneficial bacteria that should be further exploited to the advantage of human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Aprea
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Ilaria Del Matto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Tucci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lucio Marino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Silvia Scattolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Franca Rossi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Liu D, Wang X, Zhang H. Efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal microbiome supplementation for allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154948. [PMID: 37418839 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a non-infective chronic inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa. PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of gastrointestinal microbiome supplementation (GMS) for patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), concerning improvement on symptoms and signs, laboratory outcomes, quality of life, and medication scores. METHODS Five English databases were searched up to Dec 12th, 2022. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics were main therapies or adjuvants in experimental groups. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were conducted based on the Cochrane systematic review method by using RevMan 5.4 Software, with meta-influence analyses, subgroup-analyses, meta-regression, and publication bias performed for exploration of heterogeneity by Stata V.14. Trial sequential analyses were performed by TSA 0.9, and quality of the results was accessed through the GRADE-pro GDT. RESULTS Finally, extracted from 53 articles, 65 RCTs involving 3,634 participants with sound worldwide representativeness were included. Primary results showed better improvement in GMS groups on TNSS (WMD=1.05, P for WMD=0.004, 95%CI:0.34 to 1.76), overall nasal condition (WMD=1.25, P for WMD<0.001, 95%CI:0.90 to 1.61), overall quality of life (WMD=6.16, P for WMD<0.001, 95%CI:4.92 to 7.40) and medication score (WMD=0.42, P for WMD=0.42, 95%CI:-0.06 to 0.90).However, GMS groups were inferior than the controls concerning reduction on serum total IgE (WMD=-1.81) and ratios of serum Th1/Th2 (WMD=-1.06). Meta-regressions suggested significant (p<0.05) variations of the effects in some comparisons. In addition, results of sub-group analyses firstly revealed potential influence between final results and the variables above. Instantly after intervention, the GRADE levels of evidence were sound, including "High ⨁⨁⨁⨁" in 10, "Moderate ⨁⨁⨁◯" in 33, and "Low ⨁⨁◯◯" in nine comparisons. However, overall certainties decreased obviously during follow-ups. CONCLUSION Overall, our pooled results firstly revealed that GMS yielded acceptable benefits for patients with AR compared with controls with sound certainties, after balancing the benefits and harms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Xilu Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang 110004, PR China.
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Liu J, Yang N, Yi X, Wang G, Wang C, Lin H, Sun L, Wang F, Zhu D. Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on allergic rhinitis in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:2416-2431. [PMID: 36786409 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03885d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Increasing studies have demonstrated that ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3) plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of various diseases, including allergic lower airway inflammation such as asthma. To investigate the role of Rg3 in allergic upper airway disease, the effect and therapeutic mechanism of Rg3 in allergic rhinitis (AR) were studied. Ovalbumin-induced AR model mice were intragastrically administered with Rg3. Nasal symptoms, levels of IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, SOD and MDA in serum, and histopathological analysis of nasal mucosa were used to evaluate the effect of Rg3 on ameliorating AR in mice. Moreover, nasal mucosa samples from the normal control group, AR model group and high dosage of Rg3 were collected to perform omics analysis. The differentially expressed genes and significantly changed metabolites were screened based on transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses, respectively. Integrative analysis was further performed to confirm the hub genes, metabolites and pathways. After Rg3 intervention, the nasal symptoms and inflammatory infiltration were effectively improved, the levels of IgE, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and MDA were significantly reduced, and the level of SOD was obviously increased. The results of the qRT-PCR assay complemented the transcriptomic findings. Integrated analysis showed that Rg3 played an anti-AR role mainly by regulating the interaction network, which was constructed by 12 genes, 8 metabolites and 4 pathways. Our findings suggested that Rg3 had a therapeutic effect on ovalbumin-induced AR in mice by inhibiting inflammation development and reducing oxidative stress. The present study could provide a potential natural agent for the treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Na Yang
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xingcheng Yi
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hongqiang Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Liwei Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China. .,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Airway Allergic Diseases, Changchun 130021, China
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Illikoud N, Mantel M, Rolli-Derkinderen M, Gagnaire V, Jan G. Dairy starters and fermented dairy products modulate gut mucosal immunity. Immunol Lett 2022; 251-252:91-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Liu P, Hu T, Kang C, Liu J, Zhang J, Ran H, Zeng X, Qiu S. Research Advances in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis by Probiotics. J Asthma Allergy 2022; 15:1413-1428. [PMID: 36238950 PMCID: PMC9552798 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s382978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) impairs the quality of life of patients and reduces the efficiency of social work, it is an increasingly serious public medical and economic problem in the world. Conventional anti-allergic drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) can cause certain side effects, which limit the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it makes sense to look for other forms of treatment. Several studies in recent years have shown that probiotics have shown anti-allergic effects in various mouse and human studies. For example, the application of certain probiotic strains can effectively relieve the typical nasal and ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children and adults, thereby improving the quality of life and work efficiency. At the same time, previous studies in humans and mice have found that probiotics can produce multiple effects, such as reduction of Th2 cell inflammatory factors and/or increase of Th1 cell inflammatory factors, changes in allergy-related immunoglobulins and cell migration, regulate Th1/Th2 balance or restore intestinal microbiota disturbance. For patients with limited activity or allergic rhinitis with more attacks and longer attack duration, oral probiotics have positive effects. The efficacy of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis is remarkable, but its specific mechanism needs further study. This review summarizes the research progress of probiotics in the treatment of allergic rhinitis in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyong Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Kang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangqi Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Ran
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianhai Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Shuqi Qiu; Xianhai Zeng, Email ;
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Dębińska A, Sozańska B. Fermented Food in Asthma and Respiratory Allergies—Chance or Failure? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071420. [PMID: 35406034 PMCID: PMC9002914 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, a dramatic increase in the global prevalence of allergic diseases and asthma was observed. It was hypothesized that diet may be an important immunomodulatory factor influencing susceptibility to allergic diseases. Fermented food, a natural source of living microorganisms and bioactive compounds, has been demonstrated to possess health-promoting potentials and seems to be a promising strategy to reduce the risk of various immune-related diseases, such as allergic diseases and asthma. The exact mechanisms by which allergic diseases and asthma can be alleviated or prevented by fermented food are not well understood; however, its potential to exert an effect through modulating the immune response and influencing the gut microbiota has been recently studied. In this review, we provide the current knowledge on the role of diet, including fermented foods, in preventing or treating allergic diseases and asthma.
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Linton S, Burrows AG, Hossenbaccus L, Ellis AK. Future of allergic rhinitis management. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021; 127:183-190. [PMID: 33971355 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a comprehensive, clinically focused scoping review of therapeutic agents and practices comprising the future of allergic rhinitis (AR) management. DATA SOURCES A review of the published literature was performed using the PubMed database, published abstracts, and virtual presentations from scientific meetings and posted results on ClinicalTrials.gov. STUDY SELECTIONS Primary manuscripts with trial results, case reports, case series, and clinical trial data from ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed, and articles highlighting expert perspectives on management of AR were selected. RESULTS Telemedicine, social media, and mHealth facilitate integrated care for AR management. Pharmacotherapy remains the standard of care for AR management; however, treatment combinations are recommended. Intralymphatic immunotherapy and peptide immunotherapy are the most promising new allergen immunotherapy options. Studies of targeted biologics for AR are ongoing. Probiotics may be beneficial for AR management, particularly Bifidobacterium spp, and as an add-on to allergen immunotherapy. CONCLUSION AR is a chronic and often comorbid condition that requires integrated care for optimal management. New formulations and combinations of existing AR therapies are the most promising and merit future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Linton
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Center-Kingston General Hospital Site, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alyssa G Burrows
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Center-Kingston General Hospital Site, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lubnaa Hossenbaccus
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Center-Kingston General Hospital Site, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anne K Ellis
- Allergy Research Unit, Kingston Health Sciences Center-Kingston General Hospital Site, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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