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Schwerdtfeger J, Sauerwein H, Albrecht E, Mazzuoli-Weber G, von Soosten D, Dänicke S, Kuhla B. The effect of N-arachidonoylethanolamide administration on energy and fat metabolism of early lactating dairy cows. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14665. [PMID: 37673919 PMCID: PMC10482912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41938-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of N-arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), an endocannabinoid with orexigenic characteristics, on plasma endocannabinoid concentrations, feed intake, energy balance, lipomobilisation, and hepatic lipid metabolism of early-lactating dairy cows. The experiment involved 10 pairs of Holstein half-sibling cows (end of 2nd-3rd pregnancy). Half-sibs of each pair were randomly assigned to either AEA (n = 10) or control (CON) group (n = 10). From day 1 to 30 postpartum, the AEA group received 5 intraperitoneal injections per week of 3 µg/kg body weight AEA and the CON group 0.9% NaCl. In week 1-3 postpartum, AEA administration had no effect on dry matter intake, body weight, or lipomobilisation, but increased plasma triglyceride concentration on d 21 p.p. and mRNA abundances of genes related to hepatic triglyceride synthesis. In week 4 postpartum, the AEA group showed reduced feed intake and whole-body carbohydrate oxidation, but increased whole-body fat oxidation and hepatic lipid accumulation, likely as a result of a counter-regulatory leptin increase. In conclusion, the present study shows a tissue-specific AEA insensitivity and may point to a leptin-controlled regulation of the ECS in early-lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schwerdtfeger
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Helga Sauerwein
- Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Animal Hygiene, Bonn University, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Elke Albrecht
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk von Soosten
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 37, 38116, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Sven Dänicke
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Bundesallee 37, 38116, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Björn Kuhla
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Sidorova YS, Sarkisyan VA, Petrov NA, Frolova YV, Kochetkova AA. Determination and Comparison of Soybean Lecithin and Bovine Brain Plasmalogens Effects in Healthy Male Wistar Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087643. [PMID: 37108804 PMCID: PMC10145545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soybean lecithin and plasmalogens concentrating on a variety of physiological tests and biochemical analyses in healthy Wistar rats. For six weeks, male Wistar rats were given a standard diet that included plasmalogens or soybean lecithin. We measured anxiety levels, overall exploratory activity, short- and long-term memory, cognitive abilities, and grip strength. Lecithin increased significantly anxiety and enhanced memory and cognitive functions. Plasmalogens significantly improved appetite and increased grip strength. When compared to plasmalogens, lecithin significantly raised HDL levels while lowering LDL levels. The plasmalogens group showed a significant increase in the C16:0DMA/C16:0 ratio, which led us to assume that plasmalogen consumption could increase their synthesis in neural tissue. The study's findings imply that, despite their various modes of action, soy lecithin and plasmalogens may both be significant nutritional components for enhancing cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya S Sidorova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety", Ustyinsky Proezd, 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Varuzhan A Sarkisyan
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety", Ustyinsky Proezd, 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita A Petrov
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety", Ustyinsky Proezd, 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuliya V Frolova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety", Ustyinsky Proezd, 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla A Kochetkova
- Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety", Ustyinsky Proezd, 2/14, 109240 Moscow, Russia
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Schwerdtfeger J, Krause A, Kalbe C, Mazzuoli-Weber G, Eggert A, Puppe B, Kuhla B, Röttgen V. Endocannabinoid administration affects taste preference and the expression of cannabinoid and opioid receptors in the amygdala of early lactating cows. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4967. [PMID: 36973308 PMCID: PMC10042870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31724-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of intraperitoneal N-arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA) on taste preference for feed and water, tongue taste receptor signalling (TAS1R2, GNAT3), and endocannabinoid (CNR1, CNR2, GPR55) and opioid (OPRD1, OPRK1, OPRM1, OPRL1) receptors in the amygdala and nucleus accumbens in periparturient cows. We conducted taste preference tests using unaltered, umami-tasting, and sweet-tasting water and feed, before and after calving. After calving, eight cows received AEA injections (3 µg/(kg bodyweight × day), 25 days), whereas eight control (CON) cows received saline injections. Tissue was sampled 30 days after calving. Before calving, both cow groups preferred sweet-tasting feed and umami-tasting water. After calving, only the AEA-treated group preferred sweet-tasting feed, whereas the CON group showed no clear taste preference. In the amygdala, the mRNA expression of CNR1, OPRD1 (left hemisphere) and OPRK1 (right hemisphere) was lower in AEA animals than in CON animals, whereas no differences were found in the nucleus accumbens and tongue taste receptor expression. In conclusion, AEA administration enhanced existing taste preferences and reduced the expression of specific endocannabinoid and opioid receptors in the amygdala. The results support endocannabinoid-opioid interactions in the control of taste-dependent feed preference in early lactating cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Schwerdtfeger
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Annika Krause
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Kalbe
- Institute of Muscle Biology and Growth, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Gemma Mazzuoli-Weber
- Institute for Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 30173, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anja Eggert
- Institute of Genetics and Biometry, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Birger Puppe
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
- Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Justus-Von-Liebig-Weg 6B, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Björn Kuhla
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology 'Oskar Kellner', Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Volker Röttgen
- Institute of Behavioural Physiology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Kuhla B, van Ackern I. Effects of intracerebroventricular anandamide administration on feed intake and milk yield of dairy cows. JDS COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:138-141. [PMID: 36339733 PMCID: PMC9623742 DOI: 10.3168/jdsc.2021-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebroventricular N-arachidonylethanolamide (AEA) injection increases short-term feed intake of cows. Intracerebroventricular injection of AEA has no long-term effect on feed intake. Intracerebroventricular AEA injection reduces daily milk production.
Among the endocannabinoids, N-arachidonylethanolamide (AEA; anandamide) plays a key role in regulating energy homeostasis and energy intake. Recent studies suggest the existence of a peripheral mechanism by which AEA increases feed intake in the short term and modulates whole-body energy metabolism in dairy cows. Here, we aimed to test the hypothesis that AEA has a long-lasting central effect in increasing feed intake that leads to an increase in milk yield of dairy cows. In the present pilot study, 3 nonpregnant Holstein dairy cows were equipped with an intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) catheter. Cows were deprived from feed for 2 h and received either no injection or an i.c.v. injection of either 12 μg of AEA or DMSO (control), followed by measurement of feed intake for 10 h and milk yield. Administration of AEA increased 10-h dry matter intake (DMI) by between 1.13 and 2.06 kg, whereas 22-h DMI was only marginally altered. However, compared with the control treatment, AEA reduced daily milk yield by 0.3 to 1.4 L/d in all 3 cows. The results demonstrate that i.c.v. administration of 12 µg of AEA increased 10-h DMI but decreased daily milk yield by a central mechanism.
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Effects of endocannabinoids on feed intake, stress response and whole-body energy metabolism in dairy cows. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23657. [PMID: 34880316 PMCID: PMC8655048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02970-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoids, particularly anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), are instrumental in regulating energy homeostasis and stress response. However, little is known about the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in ruminants, although EC could improve dairy health and productivity, at least by increasing feed intake. In this study, we report if intraperitoneal (i.p.) AEA and 2-AG administration affects feed intake, whole-body macronutrient metabolism, isolation and restraint stress, and whether diet composition modulates circulating endocannabinoid concentrations in cows. Twenty Simmental cows in late lactation were fed a grass silage and a corn silage based diet. On each diet, cows received daily i.p. injections with either AEA (5 µg/kg; n = 7), 2-AG (2.5 µg/kg; n = 6) or saline (n = 7) for 8 days. Endocannabinoid administration for 5 days under free-ranging (non-stressed) conditions had no effect on feed intake or energy balance, but attenuated the stress-induced suppression of feed intake when housing changed to individual tie-stalls without social or tactile interaction. Endocannabinoids increased whole-body carbohydrate oxidation, reduced fat oxidation, and affected plasma non-esterified fatty acid concentrations and fatty acid contents of total lipids. There was no effect of endocannabinoids on plasma triglyceride concentrations or hepatic lipogenesis. Plasma AEA concentrations were not affected by diet, however, plasma 2-AG concentrations tended to be lower on the corn silage based diet. In conclusion, endocannabinoids attenuate stress-induced hypophagia, increase short-term feed intake and whole-body carbohydrate oxidation and decrease whole-body fat oxidation in cows.
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