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Goya L, Sánchez-Medina A, Redondo-Puente M, Dupak R, Bravo L, Sarriá B. Main Colonic Metabolites from Coffee Chlorogenic Acid May Counteract Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in 3T3-L1 Cells. Molecules 2023; 29:88. [PMID: 38202671 PMCID: PMC10779949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is coupled with an altered redox state and low-level inflammation. Oxidative stress may increase pre-adipocyte proliferation, adipocyte differentiation and mature adipocyte size. Regarding inflammation, the dysregulation of cytokine production by adipose tissue takes place in obesity, which is promoted by oxidative stress. Polyphenols may exert a positive effect on obesity, not only by modulating the redox state, but also due to their anti-inflammatory activity. Coffee, which is one of the most consumed beverages, is very rich in phenolic compounds. Bioavailability studies on coffee phenols have shown that the most abundant group of metabolites in plasma and urine are dihydrocaffeic (DHCA), dihydroferulic (DHFA), and hydroxyhippuric (HHA) acids, the three acids of colonic origin. To better understand the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of DHCA, DHFA, and HHA, an inflammation/oxidation model was set up in the pre-adipocyte 3T3-L1 cell line using tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). After the exposure of 3T3-L1 cells to 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 µM of TNF-α at different times, the cell viability, interleukin (IL)-6 secretion, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) were determined. Using the TNF-α prooxidant and proinflammatory conditions established (10 µM, 24 h), it was observed that the physiological concentrations (0.5, 1, 5, and 10 µM) of DHCA, DHFA, and HHA induced dose-dependent antioxidant effects according to the ROS, GSH, and antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase) results. In addition, reductions in the IL-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) concentrations were observed to different extents depending on the metabolite (DHFA, HHA, or DHCA) and the concentration used. In conclusion, the main colonic metabolites from coffee chlorogenic acids may counteract TNF-α-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the 3T3-L1 cell line, and thus, they present antiobesity potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Goya
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.); (A.S.-M.); (M.R.-P.); (L.B.)
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Medina
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.); (A.S.-M.); (M.R.-P.); (L.B.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Redondo-Puente
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.); (A.S.-M.); (M.R.-P.); (L.B.)
| | - Rudolf Dupak
- Institute of Applied Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Laura Bravo
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.); (A.S.-M.); (M.R.-P.); (L.B.)
| | - Beatriz Sarriá
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Nováis 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (L.G.); (A.S.-M.); (M.R.-P.); (L.B.)
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Goya L, de Pascual-Teresa S. Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Foods on Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4134. [PMID: 37836418 PMCID: PMC10574322 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ever since the French paradox raised the research interest pertaining to the high potential of certain phytochemicals-until then regarded as anti-nutrients-as positive bioactive compounds for health, research on the biological and molecular effects of polyphenols has subsequently been continuously increasing [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), C/José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Moussa Y, Teaima MH, Attia D, Elmazar MM, El-Nabarawi MA. Unroasted Green Coffee Extract-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Enhancing Intestinal Permeation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20251-20261. [PMID: 37332788 PMCID: PMC10268626 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) provides diversified health benefits. However, its reported low bioavailability impeded its utilization in various applications. In this study, GCBE-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were prepared to improve the bioavailability through enhanced intestinal absorption of GCBE. During the preparation of promising GCBE-loaded SLNs, the lipid concentration, surfactant concentration, and co-surfactant amount are crucial that were optimized using the Box-Behnken design, while particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), ζ-potential, entrapment efficiency, and cumulative drug release were the measured responses. GCBE-SLNs were successfully developed by a high shear homogenization technique using geleol as a solid lipid, tween 80 as a surfactant, and propylene glycol as Co-SAA. The optimized SLNs contained 5.8% geleol, 5.9% tween 80, and 80.4 mg PG resulting in a small particle size of 235.7 ± 12.5 nm, reasonably acceptable PDI of 0.417 ± 0.023, and ζ-potential of -15 ± 0.14 mV, with a high entrapment efficiency of 58.3 ± 0.85% and cumulative release of 7575 ± 0.78%. Furthermore, the performance of the optimized GCBE-SLN was evaluated using an ex vivo everted sac model where the intestinal permeation of GCBE was improved due to nanoencapsulation using SLN. Consequently, the results enlightened the auspicious potential of exploiting oral GCBE-SLNs for boosting intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yomna
A. Moussa
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), 11837 El-Sherouk
City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H. Teaima
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Attia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), 11837 El-Sherouk
City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohey M. Elmazar
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE), 11837 El-Sherouk City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Nabarawi
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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García-Cordero J, Mateos R, González-Rámila S, Seguido MA, Sierra-Cinos JL, Sarriá B, Bravo L. Dietary Supplements Containing Oat Beta-Glucan and/or Green Coffee (Poly)phenols Showed Limited Effect in Modulating Cardiometabolic Risk Biomarkers in Overweight/Obese Patients without a Lifestyle Intervention. Nutrients 2023; 15:2223. [PMID: 37432380 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached pandemic proportions and has become a major health concern worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to find new strategies against this condition and its associated comorbidities. Green coffee polyphenols (GCP) and oat beta-glucans (BGs) have proven their hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic effects. This study aimed to examine the effects of the long-term consumption of supplements containing GCP, BG or the novel GCP/BG combination on lipid and glucose metabolism biomarkers in overweight/obese subjects who maintained their dietary habits and physical activity, hence addressing the difficulty that this population faces in adapting to lifestyle changes. A randomised, crossover, blind trial was carried out in 29 volunteers who consumed either GCP (300 mg), BG (2.5 g) or GCP/BG (300 mg + 2.5 g) twice a day for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected, and blood pressure and body composition were measured at the beginning and end of each intervention. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin, fasting glucose, insulin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and different hormones and adipokines were analysed. Only VLDL-C (p = 0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.027) decreased after the intervention, especially with the BG supplement. There were no other significant changes in the analysed biomarkers. In conclusion, the regular intake of GCP, BG and GCP/BG without lifestyle changes is not an efficient strategy to improve lipid and glucose homeostasis in overweight/obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín García-Cordero
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Mateos
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana González-Rámila
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Seguido
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Sierra-Cinos
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science I, School of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Sarriá
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bravo
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), C/Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Colonic Coffee Phenols Metabolites, Dihydrocaffeic, Dihydroferulic, and Hydroxyhippuric Acids Protect Hepatic Cells from TNF-α-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021440. [PMID: 36674952 PMCID: PMC9863622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee presents beneficial health properties, including antiobesity effects. However, its effects on inflammation are controversial. Hydroxycinnamic acids are the main coffee phenolic bioactive compounds. In human bioavailability studies carried out with coffee, among the most abundant compounds found in urine and plasma were the colonic metabolites, dihydrocaffeic (DHCA), dihydroferulic (DHFA), and hydroxyhippuric (HHA) acids. To understand the hepato-protective potential of these three compounds, we tested whether treatment with realistic concentrations (0.5-10 µM) were effective to counteract inflammatory process and oxidative status induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). First, we established a novel model of inflammation/oxidation using TNF-α and HepG2 cells. Afterwards, we evaluated the activity of DHCA, DHFA, and HHA against the inflammatory/oxidative challenge through the determination of the inflammatory mediators, interleukins (IL)-6, and IL-8 and chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1, as well as the levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress, such as reactive oxygen species, reduced glutathione, and the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and reductase. Results showed that all three compounds have a potential hepato-protective effect against the induced inflammatory/oxidative insult.
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