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Kruglikov IL, Scherer PE. Is the endotoxin-complement cascade the major driver in lipedema? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2024:S1043-2760(24)00087-0. [PMID: 38688780 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Lipedema is a poorly understood disorder of adipose tissue characterized by abnormal but symmetrical deposition of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) in proximal extremities. Here, we propose that the underlying cause for lipedema could be triggered by a selective accumulation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS; also known as endotoxin) in gluteofemoral WAT. Together with a malfunctioning complement system, this induces low-grade inflammation in the depot and raises its uncontrollable expansion. Correspondingly, more attention should be paid in future research to the endotoxemia prevalent in patients with lipedema. We would like to propose that proper management of endotoxemia can reduce the progression and even improve the state of disease in patients with lipedema.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA.
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Schirizzi A, Arshadi A, Tolomeo D, Schirosi L, Valentini AM, De Leonardis G, Refolo MG, Donghia R, Storlazzi CT, Zito A, Ricci AD, Vallarelli S, Ostuni C, Bencivenga M, De Manzoni G, Messa C, Armentano R, Giannelli G, Lotesoriere C, D’Alessandro R. VEGFA Status as a Predictive Marker of Therapy Outcome in Metastatic Gastric Cancer Patients Following Ramucirumab-Based Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2721. [PMID: 37893095 PMCID: PMC10603940 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) often has a poor prognosis and may benefit from a few targeted therapies. Ramucirumab-based anti-angiogenic therapy targeting the VEGFR2 represents a milestone in the second-line treatment of mGC. Several studies on different cancers are focusing on the major VEGFR2 ligand status, meaning VEGFA gene copy number and protein overexpression, as a prognostic marker and predictor of response to anti-angiogenic therapy. Following this insight, our study aims to examine the role of VEGFA status as a predictive biomarker for the outcome of second-line therapy with Ramucirumab and paclitaxel in mGC patients. To this purpose, the copy number of the VEGFA gene, by fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments, and its expression in tumor tissue as well as the density of micro-vessels, by immunohistochemistry experiments, were assessed in samples derived from mGC patients. This analysis found that amplification of VEGFA concomitantly with VEGFA overexpression and overexpression of VEGFA with micro-vessels density are more represented in patients showing disease control during treatment with Ramucirumab. In addition, in the analyzed series, it was found that amplification was not always associated with overexpression of VEGFA, but overexpression of VEGFA correlates with high micro-vessel density. In conclusion, overexpression of VEGFA could emerge as a potential biomarker to predict the response to anti-angiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Schirizzi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Aram Arshadi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (D.T.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Doron Tolomeo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (D.T.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Laura Schirosi
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Anna Maria Valentini
- Histopathology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.M.V.); (R.A.)
| | - Giampiero De Leonardis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Maria Grazia Refolo
- Clinical Pathology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Rossella Donghia
- Data Science Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (D.T.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Alfredo Zito
- Pathology Department, IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Angela Dalia Ricci
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.D.R.); (S.V.); (C.O.)
| | - Simona Vallarelli
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.D.R.); (S.V.); (C.O.)
| | - Carmela Ostuni
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.D.R.); (S.V.); (C.O.)
| | - Maria Bencivenga
- General and Upper GI Surgery Division, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Giovanni De Manzoni
- General and Upper GI Surgery Division, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.); (G.D.M.)
| | - Caterina Messa
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- Histopathology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.M.V.); (R.A.)
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy;
| | - Claudio Lotesoriere
- Medical Oncology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.D.R.); (S.V.); (C.O.)
| | - Rosalba D’Alessandro
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS “S. de Bellis” Research Hospital, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy; (A.S.); (G.D.L.); (C.M.)
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Sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium inhibits proliferation and metastasis of HER2-positive breast cancer cells and regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Clin Exp Metastasis 2023; 40:149-160. [PMID: 36807216 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-023-10199-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium is a commonly used postoperative medication for cancer patients. However, the effects of this combination therapy on human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer cells have still remained elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium on HER2-positive breast cancer cells. METHODS The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, flow cytometry, scratch, transwell invasion, and angiogenesis assays were used to assess the proliferation, cell cycling, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of HER2-positive breast cancer BT474 cells. Western blot assay was employed for detecting the expression levels of proteins involved in the cell cycle, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The in vivo effects of tumor growth and metastasis were examined by establishing an orthotopic transplantation mouse model of HER2-positive breast cancer (MMTV-PyMT). RESULTS Functional assays indicated that sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium induced blockade of HER2-positive breast cancer BT474 cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and inhibited cell proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and invasion in vitro. Western blot assay revealed that sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium downregulated the expression levels of cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and EMT-related proteins (N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Snail), while up-regulated the expression level of E-cadherin in BT474 cells. In addition, it was found that sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in the orthotopic transplantation mouse model of HER2-positive breast cancer. CONCLUSION Sufentanil combined with parecoxib sodium inhibited HER2-positive breast cancer progression, including cell proliferation, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis, and regulated EMT.
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Agri-Food By-Products in Cancer: New Targets and Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225517. [PMID: 36428610 PMCID: PMC9688227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The globalization and the changes in consumer lifestyles are forcing us to face a deep transformation in food demand and in the organization of the entire food production system. In this new era, the food-loss and food-waste security nexus is relevant in the global debate and avoiding unsustainable waste in agri-food systems as well as the supply chain is a big challenge. "Food waste" is useful for the recovery of its valuable components, thus it can assume the connotation of a "food by-product". Sustainable utilization of agri-food waste by-products provides a great opportunity. Increasing evidence shows that agri-food by-products are a source of different bioactive molecules that lower the inflammatory state and, hence, the aggressiveness of several proliferative diseases. This review aims to summarize the effects of agri-food by-products derivatives, already recognized as promising therapeutics in human diseases, including different cancer types, such as breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Here, we examine products modulating or interfering in the signaling mediated by the epidermal growth factor receptor.
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