|
1
|
Andre V, Abdel-Mottaleb M, Shotbolt M, Chen S, Ramezini Z, Zhang E, Conlan S, Telisman O, Liang P, Bryant JM, Chomko R, Khizroev S. Foundational insights for theranostic applications of magnetoelectric nanoparticles. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2025; 10:699-718. [PMID: 39898755 PMCID: PMC11789716 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00560k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025]
Abstract
Reviewing emerging biomedical applications of MagnetoElectric NanoParticles (MENPs), this paper presents basic physics considerations to help understand the possibility of future theranostic applications. Currently emerging applications include wireless non-surgical neural modulation and recording, functional brain mapping, high-specificity cell electroporation for targeted cancer therapies, targeted drug delivery, early screening and diagnostics, and others. Using an ab initio analysis, each application is discussed from the perspective of its fundamental limitations. Furthermore, the review identifies the most eminent challenges and offers potential engineering solutions on the pathway to implement each application and combine the therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities of the nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Andre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - Max Shotbolt
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Shawnus Chen
- Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Zeinab Ramezini
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
| | - Elric Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
| | - Skye Conlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Ozzie Telisman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | | | - John M Bryant
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Roman Chomko
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Sakhrat Khizroev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
- The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Marrella A, Giannoni P, Lenzuni M, Suarato G, Fiocchi S, Chiaramello E, Ravazzani P. Temperature-Dependent Cytokine Neutralization Induced by Magnetoelectric Nanoparticles: An In Silico Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:13591. [PMID: 39769353 PMCID: PMC11678122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252413591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Revised: 12/13/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines cooperate to maintain normal immune homeostasis, performing both a protective and a pro-inflammatory action in different body districts. However, their excessive persistence or deregulated expression may degenerate into tissue chronic inflammatory status. Advanced therapies should be designed to deploy selective cytokine neutralizers in the affected tissues. Magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) possess unexploited potentialities, conjugating their ferromagnetic nature, which enables confinement in a specific tissue by directed positioning when subjected to low-intensity magnetic fields, with the capability to generate high electric fields with elevated spatial resolution when subjected to higher magnetic fields. This work proposes to exploit the extremely localized heat generated by Joule's effect around MENPs under an external magnetic field to denature a harmful cytokine in a hypothetical tissue site. An interdisciplinary and multiphysics in silico study was conducted to provide comprehensive modeling of the temperature distribution generated by MENPs decorated with a membrane-derived microvesicle (MV) coating designed to allocate a specific antibody to bind a target cytokine. A damage model was also implemented to provide an estimation of the influence of several design parameters on the cytokine denaturation efficacy, with the final goal of guiding the future development of effective MENPs-based therapeutic applications and strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Marrella
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (G.S.); (S.F.); (E.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Paolo Giannoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biology Section, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Martina Lenzuni
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (G.S.); (S.F.); (E.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (G.S.); (S.F.); (E.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Serena Fiocchi
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (G.S.); (S.F.); (E.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Emma Chiaramello
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (G.S.); (S.F.); (E.C.); (P.R.)
| | - Paolo Ravazzani
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering (IEIIT), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.); (G.S.); (S.F.); (E.C.); (P.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Marrella A, Suarato G, Fiocchi S, Chiaramello E, Bonato M, Parazzini M, Ravazzani P. Magnetoelectric nanoparticles shape modulates their electrical output. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1219777. [PMID: 37691903 PMCID: PMC10485842 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1219777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Core-shell magnetoelectric nanoparticles (MENPs) have recently gained popularity thanks to their capability in inducing a local electric polarization upon an applied magnetic field and vice versa. This work estimates the magnetoelectrical behavior, in terms of magnetoelectric coupling coefficient (αME), via finite element analysis of MENPs with different shapes under either static (DC bias) and time-variant (AC bias) external magnetic fields. With this approach, the dependence of the magnetoelectrical performance on the MENPs geometrical features can be directly derived. Results show that MENPs with a more elongated morphology exhibits a superior αME if compared with spherical nanoparticles of similar volume, under both stimulation conditions analyzed. This response is due to the presence of a larger surface area at the interface between the magnetostrictive core and piezoelectric shell, and to the MENP geometrical orientation along the direction of the magnetic field. These findings pave a new way for the design of novel high-aspect ratio magnetic nanostructures with an improved magnetoelectric behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Suarato
- *Correspondence: A. Marrella, ; G. Suarato,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|