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Xiao XO, Lin W, Feng E, Ou X. Transcriptome and metabolome response of eggplant against Ralstonia solanacearum infection. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14658. [PMID: 36647448 PMCID: PMC9840387 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial wilt is a soil-borne disease that represents ubiquitous threat to Solanaceae crops. The whole-root transcriptomes and metabolomes of bacterial wilt-resistant eggplant were studied to understand the response of eggplant to bacterial wilt. A total of 2,896 differentially expressed genes and 63 differences in metabolites were identified after inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum. Further analysis showed that the biosynthesis pathways for phytohormones, phenylpropanoids, and flavonoids were altered in eggplant after inoculation with R. solanacearum. The results of metabolomes also showed that phytohormones played a key role in eggplant response to bacterial wilt. Integrated analyses of the transcriptomic and metabolic datasets indicated that jasmonic acid (JA) content and gene involved in the JA signaling pathway increased in response to bacterial wilt. These findings remarkably improve our understanding of the mechanisms of induced defense response in eggplant and will provide insights intothe development of disease-resistant varieties of eggplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Ou Xiao
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guagndong, China,Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqiu Lin
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guagndong, China,Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Enyou Feng
- Zhanjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiongchang Ou
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China,Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, Zhanjiang, Guagndong, China,Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
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Wang L, Wu B, Chen G, Chen H, Peng Y, Sohail H, Geng S, Luo G, Xu D, Ouyang B, Bie Z. The essential role of jasmonate signaling in Solanum habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance in tomato grafts. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 10:uhac227. [PMID: 36643752 PMCID: PMC9832872 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is among the most important vegetables across the world, but cold stress usually affects its yield and quality. The wild tomato species Solanum habrochaites is commonly utilized as rootstock for enhancing resistance against abiotic stresses in cultivated tomato, especially cold resistance. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this research, we confirmed that S. habrochaites rootstock can improve the cold tolerance of cultivated tomato scions, as revealed by growth, physiological, and biochemical indicators. Furthermore, transcriptome profiling indicated significant differences in the scion of homo- and heterografted seedlings, including substantial changes in jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis and signaling, which were validated by RT-qPCR analysis. S. habrochaites plants had a high basal level of jasmonate, and cold stress caused a greater amount of active JA-isoleucine in S. habrochaites heterografts. Moreover, exogenous JA enhanced while JA inhibitor decreased the cold tolerance of tomato grafts. The JA biosynthesis-defective mutant spr8 also showed increased sensitivity to cold stress. All of these results demonstrated the significance of JA in the cold tolerance of grafted tomato seedlings with S. habrochaites rootstock, suggesting a future direction for the characterization of the natural variation involved in S. habrochaites rootstock-mediated cold tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Guoyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Hamza Sohail
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Shouyu Geng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Guangbao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
| | - Dandi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P.R. China
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Sharma A, Abrahamian P, Carvalho R, Choudhary M, Paret ML, Vallad GE, Jones JB. Future of Bacterial Disease Management in Crop Production. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 60:259-282. [PMID: 35790244 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021621-121806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial diseases are a constant threat to crop production globally. Current management strategies rely on an array of tactics, including improved cultural practices; application of bactericides, plant activators, and biocontrol agents; and use of resistant varieties when available. However, effective management remains a challenge, as the longevity of deployed tactics is threatened by constantly changing bacterial populations. Increased scrutiny of the impact of pesticides on human and environmental health underscores the need for alternative solutions that are durable, sustainable, accessible to farmers, and environmentally friendly. In this review, we discuss the strengths and shortcomings of existing practices and dissect recent advances that may shape the future of bacterial disease management. We conclude that disease resistance through genome modification may be the most effective arsenal against bacterial diseases. Nonetheless, more research is necessary for developing novel bacterial disease management tactics to meet the food demand of a growing global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
| | - Peter Abrahamian
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, Florida, USA
- Plant Pathogen Confirmatory Diagnostic Laboratory, USDA-APHIS, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Renato Carvalho
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
| | - Manoj Choudhary
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
| | - Mathews L Paret
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, Florida, USA
| | - Gary E Vallad
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
- Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, Florida, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Jones
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
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Wei L, Zhang Q, Xie A, Xiao Y, Guo K, Mu S, Xie Y, Li Z, He T. Isolation of Bioactive Compounds, Antibacterial Activity, and Action Mechanism of Spore Powder From Aspergillus niger xj. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:934857. [PMID: 35898902 PMCID: PMC9309528 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.934857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fungi can produce a wide range of secondary metabolites, and they have represented a potential resource of novel bioactive compounds. Bacterial plant diseases have a serious impact on the sustainable development of agriculture worldwide, so it is necessary to use natural antibacterial compounds in microorganisms to control plant pathogens. This study was conducted to investigate the bioactive compounds of Aspergillus niger xj, three plant pathogens (Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-37, Erwinia carotovora EC-1, and Ralstonia solanacearum RS-2) were used as indicator bacteria, according to the biological activity tracking, five compounds were isolated from A. niger xj spore powder, and characterization of compounds was done by NMR (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and EI-MS and was identified as ergosterol (1), β-sitosterol (2), 5-pentadecylresorcinol (3), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid (4), and succinimide (5). Compounds 3 and 5 were isolated from A. niger xj for the first time. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of five compounds against three plant pathogens was evaluated, the results showed that compound 4 exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity against tested bacteria, and RS-2 was the most sensitive to compound 4, showing the lowest MIC of 15.56 μg/ml. We concluded that the mechanism of action of the compound 4 against RS-2 might be described as compound 4 acting on bacterial protein synthesis and intracellular metabolism according to the results of the scanning electron microscopy observation, permeability of cell membrane and SDS-PAGE. These results indicated that compound 4 has good potential to be as a biocontrol agent. In conclusion, the results from this study demonstrated that the compounds with antibacterial activity are of great significance of the prevention and control of plant phytopathogenic bacteria, and they may be applicable to exploring alternative approaches to integrated control of phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfeng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guiyang, China
| | - Qinyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ailin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Institution of Supervision and Inspection Product Quality of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Kun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yudan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Guiyang, China
| | - Tengxia He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Anti-Biofilm Activity and Biocontrol Potential of Streptomyces Cultures Against Ralstonia solanacearum on Tomato Plants. Indian J Microbiol 2022; 62:32-39. [PMID: 35068601 PMCID: PMC8758874 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-021-00963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological control of phytopathogen is a promising approach when compared to the use of chemical agents. In the present study, seven Streptomyces cultures showing promising anti biofilm activity against Ralstonia solanacearum was mixed individually with farmyard manure. All the Streptomyces fortified farmyard manure (SFYM) were screened for plant growth promotion and control of bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum on tomato. Further, the ability of SFYM on stimulating the production of defense-related enzymes in R. solanacearum-inoculated tomato plants was investigated. When compared to the control tomato plants, the SFYM-treated plants had longer shoot and root length along with higher fresh and dry weight. The maximum level of chlorophyll was observed in the plants treated with strain UP1A-1 (2.21 ± 0.18 mg g-1). Strain UP1A-1 also showed maximum of 96.8 ± 1.4% biocontrol efficacy in tomato plants challenged with R. solanacearum. In addition, the UP1A-1 treated tomato plants showed maximum accumulation of total phenolics (3.02 ± 0.09 mg g-1) after 6 days of pathogen inoculation (DPI). Similarly, tomato plants treated with UP1A-1 showed highest level of peroxides, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase during 1-9 DPI. Findings of present study revealed that the Streptomyces culture UP1A-1 fortified farm yard manure could be applied as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic agents for controlling bacterial wilt in tomato plants.
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Suarez DL, Celis N, Ferreira JFS, Reynolds T, Sandhu D. Linking genetic determinants with salinity tolerance and ion relationships in eggplant, tomato and pepper. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16298. [PMID: 34381090 PMCID: PMC8357798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95506-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Solanaceae family includes commercially important vegetable crops characterized by their relative sensitivity to salinity. Evaluation of 8 eggplant (Solanum melongena), 7 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and 8 pepper (Capsicum spp.) heirloom cultivars from different geographic regions revealed significant variation in salt tolerance. Relative fruit yield under salt treatment varied from 52 to 114% for eggplant, 56 to 84% for tomato, and 52 to 99% for pepper. Cultivars from all three crops, except Habanero peppers, restricted Na transport from roots to shoots under salinity. The high salt tolerance level showed a strong association with low leaf Na concentration. Additionally, the leaf K-salinity/K-control ratio was critical in determining the salinity tolerance of a genotype. Differences in relative yield under salinity were regulated by several component traits, which was consistent with the gene expression of relevant genes. Gene expression analyses using 12 genes associated with salt tolerance showed that, for eggplant and pepper, Na+ exclusion was a vital component trait, while sequestration of Na+ into vacuoles was critical for tomato plants. The high variability for salt tolerance found in heirloom cultivars helped characterize genotypes based on component traits of salt tolerance and will enable breeders to increase the salt tolerance of Solanaceae cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald L Suarez
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Lab, 450 W Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Nydia Celis
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Lab, 450 W Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Jorge F S Ferreira
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Lab, 450 W Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA
| | - Trevor Reynolds
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- USDA-ARS, U.S. Salinity Lab, 450 W Big Springs Road, Riverside, CA, 92507, USA.
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