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Ho CY, Tang CH, Ho TL, Wang WL, Yao CH. Chlorogenic acid prevents ovariectomized-induced bone loss by facilitating osteoblast functions and suppressing osteoclast formation. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:4832-4840. [PMID: 38461437 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a usual bone disease in aging populations, principally in postmenopausal women. Anti-resorptive and anabolic drugs have been applied to prevent and cure osteoporosis and are associated to a different of adverse effects. Du-Zhong is usually applied in Traditional Chinese Medicine to strengthen bone, regulate bone metabolism, and treat osteoporosis. Chlorogenic acid is a major polyphenol in Du-Zhong. In the current study, chlorogenic acid was found to enhance osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Chlorogenic acid also inhibits the RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Notably, ovariectomy significantly decreased bone volume and mechanical properties in the ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Administration of chlorogenic acid antagonized OVX-induced bone loss. Taken together, chlorogenic acid seems to be a hopeful molecule for the development of novel anti-osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yi Ho
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Division of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 30272, Taiwan
- Physical Examination Center, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 30272, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 30272, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Trung-Loc Ho
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Wang
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital Taipei Branch, Taipei 11449, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40202, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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Younis NS. Myrrh Essential Oil Mitigates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Injury. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1183-1196. [PMID: 36826023 PMCID: PMC9955815 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal injury is a common reason for kidney injury in clinical settings; therefore, continuous investigation of novel nephroprotective agents is crucial. Myrrh, the oleoresin exudates generated by the genus Commiphora, display numerous pharmacological actions. This study tried to assess the preventive effects of myrrh essential oil against I/R-induced renal damage. METHODS Rats were randomized into five groups. In the sham group, the animals were subjected to bilateral renal artery separation with no occlusion. In the sham + myrrh group; the rats were administered myrrh essential oil and then treated similarly to the sham group. Renal I/R group: the animals were challenged with renal I/R. In the myrrh + renal I/R groups, rats were administered 50 or 100 mg/kg of myrrh essential oil orally for three weeks before being confronted with I/R. RESULTS Serum levels of renal function tests and renal injury biomarkers, including NGAL, KIM-1, and CysC, were amplified in the renal I/R group. Animals that experienced renal I/R exhibited elevated lipid peroxidation (MDA); declined SOD, CAT, and GPx activity; declined GSH content; augmented TLR4/NFκB gene expression; and subsequent enhancement of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6). Myrrh reduced renal function tests and injury biomarkers and amended renal histological alterations. Pretreatment with myrrh reduced MDA, elevated the antioxidant enzymes' activities and GSH content, and reduced the TLR4 and NFκB gene expression, leading to subsequent inflammation and apoptosis alleviation. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of the present investigation established the protective effect of myrrh essential oil against renal I/R via pointing out the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of myrrh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy S. Younis
- College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmacology, Zagazig University Hospitals, University of Zagazig, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Xu HB, Chen XZ, Yu ZL, Xue F. Guggulsterone from Commiphora mukul potentiates anti-glioblastoma efficacy of temozolomide in vitro and in vivo via down-regulating EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115855. [PMID: 36280019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Myrrh is an aromatic oleo-gum resin extracted from the stem of Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl., and has the efficacies to promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Myrrh is mainly used for the treatment of chronic diseases including cancer. Guggulsterone, a major active steroid extracted from myrrh, has been found to inhibit cancer cell growth. Glioblastoma is the most common malignancy of central nervous system, and its prognosis remains very poor mainly due to chemotherapeutic resistance. The active status of EGFR/PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling in glioblastoma contributed to poor response for chemotherapy, and blocking this signaling with antagonists sensitized glioblastoma cells to chemotherapy. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study will investigate whether guggulsterone potentiates the anti-glioblastoma efficacy of temozolomide by down-regulating EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability and proliferation was determined by cell counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V/PI and hoechst 33342 staining assays. Molecular techniques such as western blotting and real-time quantitative PCR were used to demonstrate guggulsterone in vitro effect on EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling and NF-κB activation. Finally, in vivo studies were performed in orthotopic mouse models of glioblastoma. RESULTS The results demonstrated that guggulsterone enhanced temozolomide-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in human glioblastoma U251 and U87 cells. Furthermore, the synergistic anti-glioblastoma efficacy between guggulsterone and temozolomide was intimately associated with the inhibition of EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling and NF-κB activation in U251 and U87 cells. Our in vivo results on orthotopic xenograft models similarly indicated that guggulsterone potentiated temozolomide-induced tumor growth inhibition through suppressing EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and NF-кB activity. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggested that guggulsterone potentiated anti-glioblastoma efficacy of temozolomide through down-regulating EGFR/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and NF-кB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315010, China.
| | - Xian-Zhen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Zhou-Lun Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210017, China.
| | - Fei Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Seo YS, Lim H, Seo JY, Kang KR, Kim DK, Lee HH, Oh DS, Kim JS. The Ethanol Extracts of Osmanthus fragrans Leaves Ameliorate the Bone Loss via the Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis in Osteoporosis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:253. [PMID: 36678965 PMCID: PMC9866894 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-osteoporosis effects of Osmanthus fragrans leaf ethanol extract (OFLEE) in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) and animals with osteoporosis. OFLEE not only suppressed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells with multiple nuclei but also decreased TRAP activity in BMM treated with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). The formation of F-actin rings and the expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinases were decreased by OFLEE in BMM treated with M-CSF and RANKL. OFLEE suppressed M-CSF- and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, c-fos, the nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, and cathepsin K in BMM. OFLEE downregulated reactive oxygen species, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and RANKL in BMM treated with M-CSF and RANKL. Oral administration of OFLEE suppressed osteoporotic bone loss without hepatotoxicity in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis animals. Our findings suggest that OFLEE, with anti-inflammatory effects, prevents osteoporotic bone loss through the suppression of osteoclastic differentiation in BMM and animals with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo-Seob Seo
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - HyangI Lim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yeon Seo
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Rok Kang
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hwa Lee
- Department of Biology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Deuk-Sil Oh
- Jeollanamdo Forest Resources Research Institute, Naju 58213, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Institute of Dental Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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Shi J, Yang Y, Zhou X, Zhao L, Li X, Yusuf A, Hosseini MSMZ, Sefidkon F, Hu X. The current status of old traditional medicine introduced from Persia to China. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:953352. [PMID: 36188609 PMCID: PMC9515588 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.953352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) includes over ten thousand herbal medicines, some of which were introduced from outside countries and territories. The Silk Road enabled the exchange of merchandise such as teas, silks, carpets, and medicines between the East and West of the Eurasia continent. During this time, the ‘Compendium of Materia Medica’ (CMM) was composed by a traditional medicine practitioner, Shizhen Li (1,518–1,593) of the Ming Dynasty. This epoch-making masterpiece collected knowledge of traditional medical materials and treatments in China from the 16th century and before in utmost detail, including the origin where a material was obtained. Of 1892 medical materials from the CMM, 46 came from Persia (now Iran). In this study, the basic information of these 46 materials, including the time of introduction, the medicinal value in TCM theory, together with the current status of these medicines in China and Iran, are summarized. It is found that 20 herbs and four stones out of the 46 materials are registered as medicinal materials in the latest China Pharmacopoeia. Now most of these herbs and stones are distributed in China or replacements are available but saffron, ferula, myrrh, and olibanum are still highly dependent on imports. This study may contribute to the further development, exchange, and internationalization of traditional medicine of various backgrounds in the world, given the barriers of transportation and language are largely eased in nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmin Shi
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Institute for Medicinal Plants, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Institute for Medicinal Plants, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Zhou
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Institute for Medicinal Plants, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Institute for Medicinal Plants, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Abdullah Yusuf
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Laboratory of Xinjiang Native Medicinal and Edible Plant Resources Chemistry. Kashi University, Kashgar, China
| | - Mohaddeseh S. M. Z. Hosseini
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Institute for Medicinal Plants, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Xuebo Hu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center in Hubei for Medicinal Plant Breeding and Cultivation, Medicinal Plant Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Institute for Medicinal Plants, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xuebo Hu,
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Okagu IU, Ezeorba TPC, Aguchem RN, Ohanenye IC, Aham EC, Okafor SN, Bollati C, Lammi C. A Review on the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products in Preventing Bone Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158468. [PMID: 35955603 PMCID: PMC9368769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The drugs used for treating bone diseases (BDs), at present, elicit hazardous side effects that include certain types of cancers and strokes, hence the ongoing quest for the discovery of alternatives with little or no side effects. Natural products (NPs), mainly of plant origin, have shown compelling promise in the treatments of BDs, with little or no side effects. However, the paucity in knowledge of the mechanisms behind their activities on bone remodeling has remained a hindrance to NPs’ adoption. This review discusses the pathological development of some BDs, the NP-targeted components, and the actions exerted on bone remodeling signaling pathways (e.g., Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κ B-ligand (RANKL)/monocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)/osteoprotegerin (OPG), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)s/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap-1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2)-Wnt/β-catenin, PhosphatidylInositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta (GSK3β), and other signaling pathways). Although majority of the studies on the osteoprotective properties of NPs against BDs were conducted ex vivo and mostly on animals, the use of NPs for treating human BDs and the prospects for future development remain promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Innocent U. Okagu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Timothy P. C. Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Rita N. Aguchem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
| | - Ikenna C. Ohanenye
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada;
| | - Emmanuel C. Aham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria; (I.U.O.); (T.P.C.E.); (R.N.A.); (E.C.A.)
- Natural Science Unit, School of General Studies, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sunday N. Okafor
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria;
| | - Carlotta Bollati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Carmen Lammi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-5031-9372
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