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Zhang Z, Zhao P, Wang X, Wang H, Zhai Z, Zhao X, Xing L, Qi Z, Shang Y. Identification and map-based cloning of long glume mutant gene lgm1 in barley. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2024; 44:3. [PMID: 38222975 PMCID: PMC10786806 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The spikes of gramineous plants are composed of specialized units called spikelets. Two bracts at the spikelet bases are known as glumes. The spikelet glumes in barley are degenerated into threadlike structures. Here, we report a long glume mutant, lgm1, similar in appearance to a lemma with a long awn at the apex. Map-based cloning showed that the mutant lgm1 allele has an approximate 1.27 Mb deletion of in chromosome 2H. The deleted segment contains five putative high-confidence genes, among which HORVU.MOREX.r3.2HG0170820 encodes a C2H2 zinc finger protein, an ortholog of rice NSG1/LRG1 and an important candidate for the Lgm1 allele. Line GA01 with a long glume and short awn was obtained in progenies of crosses involving the lgm1 mutant. Interestingly, lsg1, a mutant with long glumes on lateral spikelets, was obtained in the progenies of the lgm1 mutant. The long glume variant increased the weight of kernels in the lateral spikelets and increased kernel uniformity across the entire spike, greatly improving the potential of six-rowed barley for malting. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01448-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlan Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Pengtao Zhao
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004 Jiangxi China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhouping Zhai
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhao
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Liping Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Zengjun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu China
| | - Yi Shang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
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Qin D, Liu G, Liu R, Wang C, Xu F, Xu Q, Ling Y, Dong G, Peng Y, Ge S, Guo G, Dong J, Li C. Positional cloning identified HvTUBULIN8 as the candidate gene for round lateral spikelet (RLS) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:7. [PMID: 36656367 PMCID: PMC9852219 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Map-based cloning, subcellular localization, virus-induced-gene-silencing and transcriptomic analysis reveal HvTUB8 as a candidate gene with pleiotropic effects on barley spike and leaf development via ethylene and chlorophyll metabolism. Barley lateral spikelet morphology and grain shape play key roles in grain physical quality and yield. Several genes and QTLs for these traits have been cloned or fine mapped previously. Here, we report the phenotypic and genotypic analysis of a barley mutant with round lateral spikelet (rls) from cv. Edamai 934. rls had round lateral spikelet, short but round grain, shortened awn, thick glume and dark green leaves. Histocytologic and ultrastructural analysis revealed that the difference of grain shape of rls was caused by change of cell arrangement in glume, and the dark leaf color resulted from enlarged chloroplast. HvTUBULIN8 (HvTUB8) was identified as the candidate gene for rls by combination of RNA-Seq, map-based-cloning, virus-induced-gene-silencing (VIGS) and protein subcellular location. A single G-A substitution at the third exon of HvTUB8 resulted in change of Cysteine 354 to tyrosine. Furthermore, the mutant isoform Hvtub8 could be detected in both nucleus and cytoplasm, whereas the wild-type protein was only in cytoplasm and granular organelles of wheat protoplasts. Being consistent with the rare phenotype, the "A" allele of HvTUB8 was only detected in rls, but not in a worldwide barley germplasm panel with 400 accessions. VIGS confirmed that HvTUB8 was essential to maintain spike integrity. RNA-Seq results suggested that HvTUB8 may control spike morphogenesis via ethylene homeostasis and signaling, and control leaf color through chlorophyll metabolism. Collectively, our results support HvTUB8 as a candidate gene for barley spike and leaf morphology and provide insight of a novel mechanism of it in barley development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Qin
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Chunchao Wang
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fuchao Xu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Yu Ling
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqing Dong
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, Hubei, China
| | - Yanchun Peng
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Shuangtao Ge
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Ganggang Guo
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory for Crop Molecular, Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430064, Hubei, China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Western Australia, WA, 6150, Australia.
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Genome-Wide Association Study of Salt Tolerance-Related Traits during Germination and Seedling Development in an Intermedium-Spike Barley Collection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911060. [PMID: 36232362 PMCID: PMC9569600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased salinity is one of the major consequences of climatic change affecting global crop production. The early stages in the barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) life cycle are considered the most critical phases due to their contributions to final crop yield. Particularly, the germination and seedling development are sensitive to numerous environmental stresses, especially soil salinity. In this study, we aimed to identify SNP markers linked with germination and seedling development at 150 mM NaCl as a salinity treatment. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using a panel of 208 intermedium-spike barley (H. vulgare convar. intermedium (Körn.) Mansf.) accessions and their genotype data (i.e., 10,323 SNPs) using the genome reference sequence of “Morex”. The phenotypic results showed that the 150 mM NaCl salinity treatment significantly reduced all recorded germination and seedling-related traits compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, six accessions (HOR 11747, HOR 11718, HOR 11640, HOR 11256, HOR 11275 and HOR 11291) were identified as the most salinity tolerant from the intermedium-spike barley collection. GWAS analysis indicated that a total of 38 highly significantly associated SNP markers under control and/or salinity traits were identified. Of these, two SNP markers on chromosome (chr) 1H, two on chr 3H, and one on chr 4H were significantly linked to seedling fresh and dry weight under salinity stress treatment. In addition, two SNP markers on chr 7H were also significantly associated with seedling fresh and dry weight but under control condition. Under salinity stress, one SNP marker on chr 1H, 5H and 7H were detected for more than one phenotypic trait. We found that in most of the accessions exhibiting the highest salinity tolerance, most of the salinity-related QTLs were presented. These results form the basis for detailed studies, leading to improved salt tolerance breeding programs in barley.
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Sayed MA, Allam M, Heck QK, Urbanavičiūtė I, Rutten T, Stuart D, Zakhrabekova S, Börner A, Pillen K, Hansson M, Youssef HM. Analyses of MADS-box Genes Suggest HvMADS56 to Regulate Lateral Spikelet Development in Barley. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2825. [PMID: 34961296 PMCID: PMC8703372 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MADS-box transcription factors are crucial regulators of inflorescence and flower development in plants. Therefore, the recent interest in this family has received much attention in plant breeding programs due to their impact on plant development and inflorescence architecture. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of HvMADS-box genes in lateral spikelet development in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). A set of 30 spike-contrasting barley lines were phenotypically and genotypically investigated under controlled conditions. We detected clear variations in the spike and spikelet development during the developmental stages among the tested lines. The lateral florets in the deficiens and semi-deficiens lines were more reduced than in two-rowed cultivars except cv. Kristina. Interestingly, cv. Kristina, int-h.43 and int-i.39 exhibited the same behavior as def.5, def.6, semi-def.1, semi-def.8 regarding development and showed reduced lateral florets size. In HOR1555, HOR7191 and HOR7041, the lateral florets continued their development, eventually setting seeds. In contrast, lateral florets in two-rowed barley stopped differentiating after the awn primordia stage giving rise to lateral floret sterility. At harvest, the lines tested showed large variation for all central and lateral spikelet-related traits. Phylogenetic analysis showed that more than half of the 108 MADS-box genes identified are highly conserved and are expressed in different barley tissues. Re-sequence analysis of a subset of these genes showed clear polymorphism in either SNPs or in/del. Variation in HvMADS56 correlated with altered lateral spikelet morphology. This suggests that HvMADS56 plays an important role in lateral spikelet development in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Sayed
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany; (M.A.S.); (T.R.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, Assuit University, Assuit 71526, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Allam
- Faculty of Agriculture, Assuit University, Assuit 71526, Egypt;
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Tuscia University, Via S. C. de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Quinn Kalby Heck
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35B, 22362 Lund, Sweden; (Q.K.H.); (D.S.); (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Ieva Urbanavičiūtė
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Tuscia University, Via S. C. de Lellis, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Twan Rutten
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany; (M.A.S.); (T.R.); (A.B.)
| | - David Stuart
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35B, 22362 Lund, Sweden; (Q.K.H.); (D.S.); (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Shakhira Zakhrabekova
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35B, 22362 Lund, Sweden; (Q.K.H.); (D.S.); (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Andreas Börner
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, OT Gatersleben, 06466 Seeland, Germany; (M.A.S.); (T.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Klaus Pillen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany;
| | - Mats Hansson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35B, 22362 Lund, Sweden; (Q.K.H.); (D.S.); (S.Z.); (M.H.)
| | - Helmy M. Youssef
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences III, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle, Germany;
- Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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