1
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Armstrong GB, Lewis A, Shah V, Taylor P, Jamieson CJ, Burley GA, Lewis W, Rattray Z. A First Insight into the Developability of an Immunoglobulin G3: A Combined Computational and Experimental Approach. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:2439-2451. [PMID: 39144567 PMCID: PMC11320737 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G 3 (IgG3) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are high-value scaffolds for developing novel therapies. Despite their wide-ranging therapeutic potential, IgG3 physicochemical properties and developability characteristics remain largely under-characterized. Protein-protein interactions elevate solution viscosity in high-concentration formulations, impacting physicochemical stability, manufacturability, and the injectability of mAbs. Therefore, in this manuscript, the key molecular descriptors and biophysical properties of a model anti-IL-8 IgG1 and its IgG3 ortholog are characterized. A computational and experimental framework was applied to measure molecular descriptors impacting their downstream developability. Findings from this approach underpin a detailed understanding of the molecular characteristics of IgG3 mAbs as potential therapeutic entities. This work is the first report examining the manufacturability of IgG3 for high-concentration mAb formulations. While poorer conformational and colloidal stability and elevated solution viscosity were observed for IgG3, future efforts controlling surface potential through sequence-engineering of solvent-accessible patches can be used to improve biophysical parameters that dictate mAb developability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina B. Armstrong
- Drug
Substance Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K.
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
| | - Alan Lewis
- Computational
and Modelling Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Vidhi Shah
- Large
Molecule Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Paul Taylor
- Drug
Substance Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Craig J. Jamieson
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - Glenn A. Burley
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - William Lewis
- Drug
Substance Development, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Zahra Rattray
- Strathclyde
Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, U.K.
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2
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Manning MC, Holcomb RE, Payne RW, Stillahn JM, Connolly BD, Katayama DS, Liu H, Matsuura JE, Murphy BM, Henry CS, Crommelin DJA. Stability of Protein Pharmaceuticals: Recent Advances. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1301-1367. [PMID: 38937372 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03726-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
There have been significant advances in the formulation and stabilization of proteins in the liquid state over the past years since our previous review. Our mechanistic understanding of protein-excipient interactions has increased, allowing one to develop formulations in a more rational fashion. The field has moved towards more complex and challenging formulations, such as high concentration formulations to allow for subcutaneous administration and co-formulation. While much of the published work has focused on mAbs, the principles appear to apply to any therapeutic protein, although mAbs clearly have some distinctive features. In this review, we first discuss chemical degradation reactions. This is followed by a section on physical instability issues. Then, more specific topics are addressed: instability induced by interactions with interfaces, predictive methods for physical stability and interplay between chemical and physical instability. The final parts are devoted to discussions how all the above impacts (co-)formulation strategies, in particular for high protein concentration solutions.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Cornell Manning
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan E Holcomb
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Robert W Payne
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Joshua M Stillahn
- Legacy BioDesign LLC, Johnstown, CO, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charles S Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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3
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Forder JK, Palakollu V, Adhikari S, Blanco MA, Derebe MG, Ferguson HM, Luthra SA, Munsell EV, Roberts CJ. Electrostatically Mediated Attractive Self-Interactions and Reversible Self-Association of Fc-Fusion Proteins. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1321-1333. [PMID: 38334418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Attractive self-interactions and reversible self-association are implicated in many problematic solution behaviors for therapeutic proteins, such as irreversible aggregation, elevated viscosity, phase separation, and opalescence. Protein self-interactions and reversible oligomerization of two Fc-fusion proteins (monovalent and bivalent) and the corresponding fusion partner protein were characterized experimentally with static and dynamic light scattering as a function of pH (5 and 6.5) and ionic strength (10 mM to at least 300 mM). The fusion partner protein and monovalent Fc-fusion each displayed net attractive electrostatic self-interactions at pH 6.5 and net repulsive electrostatic self-interactions at pH 5. Solutions of the bivalent Fc-fusion contained higher molecular weight species that prevented quantification of typical interaction parameters (B22 and kD). All three of the proteins displayed reversible self-association at pH 6.5, where oligomers dissociated with increased ionic strength. Coarse-grained molecular simulations were used to model the self-interactions measured experimentally, assess net self-interactions for the bivalent Fc-fusion, and probe the specific electrostatic interactions between charged amino acids that were involved in attractive electrostatic self-interactions. Mayer-weighted pairwise electrostatic energies from the simulations suggested that attractive electrostatic self-interactions at pH 6.5 for the two Fc-fusion proteins were due to cross-domain interactions between the fusion partner domain(s) and the Fc domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Forder
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
| | - Veerabhadraiah Palakollu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
| | - Sudeep Adhikari
- Analytical R&D, Digital & NMR Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Marco A Blanco
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Mehabaw Getahun Derebe
- Discovery Biologics, Protein Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Heidi M Ferguson
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Suman A Luthra
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Erik V Munsell
- Discovery Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Christopher J Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19713, United States
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4
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Gill WA, Aziz MT, Darwish HW, Janjua MRSA. Exploring HCl-HCl interactions: QZVPP calculations, improved Lennard-Jones potential, and second virial coefficient analysis for thermodynamics and industrial applications. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1890-1901. [PMID: 38192328 PMCID: PMC10772863 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04387h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of HCl-HCl interactions, including QZVPP calculations, energy fitting, conformation validation, and the determination of the second virial coefficient B using improved Lennard-Jones (ILJ) potential parameters. To acquire accurate interaction energies, initial QZVPP calculations are performed on approximately 1851 randomly generated HCl-HCl conformations. Then, these energies are used to fit an improved Lennard-Jones potential energy surface, allowing for a robust description of HCl-HCl interactions. The ILJ potential parameters are then used to validate particular HCl dimer conformations, ensuring their stability and consistency with experimental observations. The correlation between calculated and experimental conformations strengthens the validity of the ILJ potential parameters. In addition, the second viral coefficient B is calculated at various temperatures using the ILJ potential. The obtained B values are compared to experimental data, demonstrating close agreement, and validating the ILJ potential's ability to accurately capture the intermolecular interactions and gas-phase behavior of the HCl-HCl system. The results of this study demonstrate the effective implementation of QZVPP calculations, energy fitting, and ILJ potential parameters in validating HCl-HCl conformations and accurately determining the second virial coefficient B. The high degree of concordance between calculated B values and experimental data demonstrates the validity of the ILJ potential and its suitability for modeling HCl-HCl interactions. This research contributes to a greater comprehension of HCl-HCl interactions and their implications for numerous chemical and atmospheric processes. The validated conformations, energy fitting method, and calculated second virial coefficients provide valuable instruments for future research and pave the way for more accurate modeling and simulations of HCl-HCl systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Amber Gill
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Valencia Avda Dr Moliner, 50, Burjassot E-46100 Valencia Spain
| | - Muhammad Tariq Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Hany W Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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5
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Brudar S, Breydo L, Chung E, Dill KA, Ehterami N, Phadnis K, Senapati S, Shameem M, Tang X, Tayyab M, Hribar-Lee B. Antibody association in solution: cluster distributions and mechanisms. MAbs 2024; 16:2339582. [PMID: 38666507 PMCID: PMC11057677 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2024.2339582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding factors that affect the clustering and association of antibodies molecules in solution is critical to their development as therapeutics. For 19 different monoclonal antibody (mAb) solutions, we measured the viscosities, the second virial coefficients, the Kirkwood-Buff integrals, and the cluster distributions of the antibody molecules as functions of protein concentration. Solutions were modeled using the statistical-physics Wertheim liquid-solution theory, representing antibodies as Y-shaped molecular structures of seven beads each. We found that high-viscosity solutions result from more antibody molecules per cluster. Multi-body properties such as viscosity are well predicted experimentally by the 2-body Kirkwood-Buff quantity, G22, but not by the second virial coefficient, B22, and well-predicted theoretically from the Wertheim protein-protein sticking energy. Weakly interacting antibodies are rate-limited by nucleation; strongly interacting ones by propagation. This approach gives a way to relate micro to macro properties of solutions of associating proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi Brudar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Leonid Breydo
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Elisha Chung
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Ken A. Dill
- Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Nasim Ehterami
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Ketan Phadnis
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Samir Senapati
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Shameem
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Xiaolin Tang
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Muhammmad Tayyab
- Formulation Development Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Hribar-Lee
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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6
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Gosteva A, Gubarev AS, Dommes O, Okatova O, Pavlov GM. New Facet in Viscometry of Charged Associating Polymer Systems in Dilute Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040961. [PMID: 36850244 PMCID: PMC9966599 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The peculiarities of viscosity data treatment for two series of polymer systems exhibiting associative properties: brush-like amphiphilic copolymers-charged alkylated N-methyl-N-vinylacetamide and N-methyl-N-vinylamine copolymer (MVAA-co-MVACnH2n+1) and charged chains of sodium polystyrene-4-sulfonate (PSSNa) in large-scale molecular masses (MM) and in extreme-scale of the ionic strength of solutions were considered in this study. The interest in amphiphilic macromolecular systems is explained by the fact that they are considered as micellar-forming structures in aqueous solutions, and these structures are able to carry hydrophobic biologically active compounds. In the case of appearing the hydrophobic interactions, attention was paid to discussing convenient ways to extract the correct value of intrinsic viscosity η from the combined analysis of Kraemer and Huggins plots, which were considered as twin plots. Systems and situations were demonstrated where intrachain hydrophobic interactions occurred. The obtained data were discussed in terms of lnηr vs. cη plots as well as in terms of normalized scaling relationships where ηr was the relative viscosity of the polymer solution. The first plot allowed for the detection and calibration of hydrophobic interactions in polymer chains, while the second plot allowed for the monitoring of the change in the size of charged chains depending on the ionic strength of solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gosteva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Bolshoi pr. 31, 199004 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S. Gubarev
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Dommes
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Bolshoi pr. 31, 199004 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Okatova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Bolshoi pr. 31, 199004 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Georges M. Pavlov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Bolshoi pr. 31, 199004 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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7
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Schmitt J, Razvi A, Grapentin C. Predictive modeling of concentration-dependent viscosity behavior of monoclonal antibody solutions using artificial neural networks. MAbs 2023; 15:2169440. [PMID: 36705325 PMCID: PMC9888472 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2169440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Solutions of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can show increased viscosity at high concentration, which can be a disadvantage during protein purification, filling, and administration. The viscosity is determined by protein-protein-interactions, which are influenced by the antibody's sequence as well as solution conditions, like pH, buffer type, or the presence of salts and other excipients. To predict viscosity, experimental parameters, like the diffusion interaction parameter (kD), or computational tools harnessing information derived from primary sequence, are often used, but a reliable predictive tool is still missing. We present a modeling approach employing artificial neural networks (ANNs) using experimental factors combined with simulation-derived parameters plus viscosity data from 27 highly concentrated (180 mg/mL) mAbs. These ANNs can be used to predict if mAbs exhibit problematic viscosity at distinct concentrations or to model viscosity-concentration-curves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abbas Razvi
- Lonza AG/Ltd, Drug Product Services, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Grapentin
- Lonza AG/Ltd, Drug Product Services, Basel, Switzerland,CONTACT Christoph Grapentin
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8
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Virk SS, Underhill PT. Application of a Simple Short-Range Attraction and Long-Range Repulsion Colloidal Model toward Predicting the Viscosity of Protein Solutions. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:4233-4240. [PMID: 36129361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some hard-sphere colloidal models have been criticized for inaccurately predicting the solution viscosity of complex biological molecules like proteins. Competing short-range attractions and long-range repulsions, also known as short-range attraction and long-range repulsion (SALR) interactions, have been thought to affect the microstructure of a protein solution at low to moderate ionic strength. However, such interactions have been implicated primarily in causing phase transition, protein gelation, or reversible cluster formation, and their effect on protein solution viscosity change is not fully understood. In this work, we show the application of a hard-sphere colloidal model with SALR interactions toward predicting the viscosity of dilute to semi-dilute protein solutions. The comparison is performed for a globular-shaped albumin and Y-shaped therapeutic monoclonal antibody that are not explained by previous colloidal models. The model predictions show that it is the coupling between attractions and repulsions that gives rise to the observed experimental trends in solution viscosity as a function of pH, concentration, and ionic strength. The parameters of the model are obtained from measurements of the second virial coefficient and net surface charge/zeta-potential, without additional fitting of the viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabitoj Singh Virk
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Patrick T Underhill
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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9
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Zhang W, Ma Y, Posey ND, Lueckheide MJ, Prabhu VM, Douglas JF. Combined Simulation and Experimental Study of Polyampholyte Solution Properties: Effects of Charge Ratio, Hydrophobic Groups, and Polymer Concentration. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Zhang
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Physics, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Yuanchi Ma
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Nicholas D. Posey
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Michael J. Lueckheide
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Vivek M. Prabhu
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jack F. Douglas
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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10
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Jiskoot W, Hawe A, Menzen T, Volkin DB, Crommelin DJA. Ongoing Challenges to Develop High Concentration Monoclonal Antibody-based Formulations for Subcutaneous Administration: Quo Vadis? J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:861-867. [PMID: 34813800 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although many subcutaneously (s.c.) delivered, high-concentration antibody formulations (HCAF) have received regulatory approval and are widely used commercially, formulation scientists are still presented with many ongoing challenges during HCAF development with new mAb and mAb-based candidates. Depending on the specific physicochemical and biological properties of a particular mAb-based molecule, such challenges vary from pharmaceutical attributes e.g., stability, viscosity, manufacturability, to clinical performance e.g., bioavailability, immunogenicity, and finally to patient experience e.g., preference for s.c. vs. intravenous delivery and/or preferred interactions with health-care professionals. This commentary focuses on one key formulation obstacle encountered during HCAF development: how to maximize the dose of the drug? We examine methodologies for increasing the protein concentration, increasing the volume delivered, or combining both approaches together. We discuss commonly encountered hurdles, i.e., physical protein instability and solution volume limitations, and we provide recommendations to formulation scientists to facilitate their development of s.c. administered HCAF with new mAb-based product candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jiskoot
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Hawe
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tim Menzen
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Daan J A Crommelin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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11
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Roche A, Gentiluomo L, Sibanda N, Roessner D, Friess W, Trainoff SP, Curtis R. Towards an improved prediction of concentrated antibody solution viscosity using the Huggins coefficient. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1813-1824. [PMID: 34624723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The viscosity of a monoclonal antibody solution must be monitored and controlled as it can adversely affect product processing, packaging and administration. Engineering low viscosity mAb formulations is challenging as prohibitive amounts of material are required for concentrated solution analysis, and it is difficult to predict viscosity from parameters obtained through low-volume, high-throughput measurements such as the interaction parameter, kD, and the second osmotic virial coefficient, B22. As a measure encompassing the effect of intermolecular interactions on dilute solution viscosity, the Huggins coefficient, kh, is a promising candidate as a parameter measureable at low concentrations, but indicative of concentrated solution viscosity. In this study, a differential viscometry technique is developed to measure the intrinsic viscosity, [η], and the Huggins coefficient, kh, of protein solutions. To understand the effect of colloidal protein-protein interactions on the viscosity of concentrated protein formulations, the viscometric parameters are compared to kD and B22 of two mAbs, tuning the contributions of repulsive and attractive forces to the net protein-protein interaction by adjusting solution pH and ionic strength. We find a strong correlation between the concentrated protein solution viscosity and the kh but this was not observed for the kD or the b22, which have been previously used as indicators of high concentration viscosity. Trends observed in [η] and kh values as a function of pH and ionic strength are rationalised in terms of protein-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisling Roche
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, Manchester M1 7DN, UK; Currently at: National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Herts EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Lorenzo Gentiluomo
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 18, 56307 Dernbach, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany; Currently at: Coriolis Pharma, Fraunhoferstraße 18B, 82152 Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Sibanda
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Dierk Roessner
- Wyatt Technology Europe GmbH, Hochstrasse 18, 56307 Dernbach, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friess
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstrasse 5, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Steven P Trainoff
- Wyatt Technology Corporation, 6330 Hollister Ave, Goleta, CA 93117, United States
| | - Robin Curtis
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
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