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Karlinskii BY, Ananikov VP. Recent advances in the development of green furan ring-containing polymeric materials based on renewable plant biomass. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:836-862. [PMID: 36562482 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00773h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fossil resources are rapidly depleting, forcing researchers in various fields of chemistry and materials science to switch to the use of renewable sources and the development of corresponding technologies. In this regard, the field of sustainable materials science is experiencing an extraordinary surge of interest in recent times due to the significant advances made in the development of new polymers with desired and controllable properties. This review summarizes important scientific reports in recent times dedicated to the synthesis, construction and computational studies of novel sustainable polymeric materials containing unchanged (pseudo)aromatic furan cores in their structure. Linear polymers for thermoplastics, branched polymers for thermosets and other crosslinked materials are emerging materials to highlight. Various polymer blends and composites based on sustainable polyfurans are also considered as pathways to achieve high-value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Ya Karlinskii
- Tula State University, Lenin pr. 92, Tula, 300012, Russia.,Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Candau N, Fernandes JPC, Vasmer E, Maspoch ML. Cellulose nanocrystals as nucleating agents for the strain induced crystallization in natural rubber. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:8663-8674. [PMID: 36349700 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01291j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vulcanized natural rubber (NR)/cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) composites with a CNC content of up to 5 wt% using physical blending and dicumyl peroxide crosslinking were prepared. The tensile properties were investigated at slow and high strain rates. The slow strain rate tests revealed an increase of the elastic modulus concomitant with a decrease of strain at the crystallization onset while increasing the CNC fraction. The high strain rate tests performed near adiabatic conditions demonstrated the ability of the CNC to improve the elastocaloric properties of the NR matrix, with an increase of 30% and 15% of heating and cooling capacities, respectively, in the presence of 3 wt% CNC. Such results were ascribed to (i) a higher thermoelastic effect, due to strain amplification in the NR matrix in the presence of CNC and (ii) a nucleating effect of the CNC on strain induced crystallization. This series of materials can be proposed as a promising eco-friendly alternative to conventional carbon black filled rubber as potential green elastocaloric materials (heating pump, cooling machines).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Candau
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP) - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019, Spain.
| | | | - Emilien Vasmer
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP) - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019, Spain.
| | - Maria Lluisa Maspoch
- Centre Català del Plàstic (CCP) - Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Tech (EEBE-UPC), Av. D'Eduard Maristany, 16, 08019, Spain.
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Cosas Fernandes JP, Federico CE, Basterra-Beroiz B, Weydert M, Quintana R. Revealing phase-specific properties of elastomeric blends and their molecular structure at the nanoscale by AFM. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Shi Y, Yu T, Chi L, Shen W, Xu J, Zhang M, You S, Deng C. Computational Chemistry-Assisted Highly Selective Radical Cascade Cyclization of 1,6-Enynes with Thiols: Access to Sulfur-Substituted 4-Enyl-2-Pyrrolidones. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9479-9487. [PMID: 35834799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an efficient method for the synthesis of sulfur-substituted 4-enyl-2-pyrrolidones was successfully developed through AIBN-promoted highly selective 5-exo-dig radical cascade cyclization of 1,6-enynes with sulfur sources with the aid of theoretical and computational chemistry. This protocol enables the first practical and green synthesis of an array of 4-enyl-2-pyrrolidones in moderate-to-good yields with broad substrate scopes and high regioselectivities (>20:1). Moreover, excellent stereoselectivities have also been achieved (up to >20:1, Z/E). Most interestingly, when the sulfur source is electron-rich thiophenol, reverse stereoselectivities were discovered. In addition, the control experiments indicate that the cascade cyclization is realized by radical reactions, and the detailed reaction mechanism and regioselectivities have also been explained by theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Tongyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Longxiao Chi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jiangyan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Siliang You
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Chao Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
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Zhu L, Yang X, Si Y, Zhang L, Li X, Hou L. Two high toughness and flame retardant DOPO-containing polybenzoxazines based on polyether-urea. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221095761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this current work, two new-style DOPO-containing benzoxazines based on polyether-urea were successfully synthesized by a modified version via three-step procedures, and the corresponding polybenzoxazines with high toughness and flame retardancy were obtained by thermal activated polymerization. The single and double DOPO-containing benzoxazines were named as BzD1 and BzD2, respectively. The corresponding polymers followed were named as PBzD1 and PBzD2, respectively. The curing behaviors of the two new benzoxazines were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal and mechanical properties of the materials were evaluated by TGA and dynamic mechanical analysis. The flame retardant properties were elucidated via limiting oxygen index (LOI). The toughness properties were expressed by bending tests. The results showed that the Yc for PBzD1 and PBzD2 were approximately 22.2% and 24%, respectively, distinctively higher than the value 2.57% of pristine polybenzoxazine PBz1, at 800 °C in N2 atmosphere. The Tgs of PBzD1 and PBzD2 distinctly increased by 42.8 °C and 20 °C, respectively, in comparison to −35 °C for pristine PBz1. The LOI values of PBzD1 and PBzD2 were 28.5 and 31, respectively. The length and weight-loss of PBzD1 and PBzD2 samples were significantly less than that of PBz1 when they were burned in the air environmental condition. The burning behavior demonstrated that the flame retardant properties was obviously improved as DOPO was introduced. All of the three specimens of PBz1, PBzD1 and PBzD2 presented excellent flexible property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Engineering laboratory of Silicon-based Materials, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering of Bengbu University, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
- Bengbu Qingquan Environmental Protection Co., LTD, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Yang
- Bengbu Qingquan Environmental Protection Co., LTD, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongbin Si
- School of Resource and Environment of Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering laboratory of Silicon-based Materials, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering of Bengbu University, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Li
- Anhui Provincial Engineering laboratory of Silicon-based Materials, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering of Bengbu University, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingling Hou
- Bengbu Qingquan Environmental Protection Co., LTD, Bengbu, People’s Republic of China
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Monisha M, Sahu S, Lochab B. Self-Polymerization Promoting Monomers: In Situ Transformation of Disulfide-Linked Benzoxazines into the Thiazolidine Structure. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4408-4421. [PMID: 34582169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polybenzoxazines obtained especially from green synthons are facing challenges of the requirement of high ring-opening polymerization (ROP) temperature of the monomer, thus affecting their exploration at the industrial front. This demands effective structural changes in the monomer itself, to mediate catalyst-free polymerization at a low energy via one-step synthesis protocol. In this regard, monomers based on disulfide-linked bisbenzoxazine were successfully synthesized using cystamine (biobased) and cardanol (agro-waste)/phenol. Reduction of the disulfide bridge in the monomer using dithiothreitol under mild conditions in situ transformed the oxazine ring in the monomer, via neighboring group participation of the -SH group in a transient intermediate monomer, into a thiazolidine structure, which is otherwise difficult to synthesize. Structural transformation of ring-opening followed by the ring-closing intramolecular reaction led to an interconversion of O-CH2-N containing a six-membered oxazine ring to S-CH2-N containing a five-membered thiazolidine ring and a phenolic-OH. The structure of the monomer with the oxazine ring and its congener with the thiazolidine ring was characterized by spectroscopic methods and X-ray analysis. Kinetics of structural transformation at a molecular level is studied in detail, and it was found that the reaction proceeded via a transient 2-aminoethanethiol-linked benzoxazine intermediate, as supported by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and density functional theory studies. The thiazolidine-ring-containing monomer promotes ROP at a substantially low temperature than the reported mono-/bisoxazine monomers due to the dual mode of facilitation of the ROP reaction, both by phenolic-OH and by ring strain. Surprisingly, both the monomer structures led to the formation of a similar polymer structure, as supported by thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared study. The current work highlights the benefits of inherent functionalities in naturally sourced feedstocks as biosynthons for the new latest generation of benzoxazine monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monisha Monisha
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Sangeeta Sahu
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
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