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Yu S, Shao X, Wu T, Liu Z, Yu P, Xing J. Preparation of PMMA-Based Temperature/pH Responsive Nanoparticles Encapsulating 5-Fluorouracil and Methotrexate In Situ by One-Pot Dispersion Photopolymerization. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300469. [PMID: 38197551 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In order to achieve long-term and controllable release of anti-tumor drugs at specific sites, temperature/pH responsive nanoparticles encapsulating 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate in situ are prepared through dispersion photopolymerization under green LED irradiation. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. In vitro drug release at different temperatures and pH values is examined to ascertain the release pattern of two drugs, which can be well described by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. The cytotoxicity evaluation illustrates that the tumor cells could be more effectively killed by the drug-loaded nanoparticles, and the improved therapeutic effect is attributed to the controllable and sustainable drug release as well as the enhanced cellular uptake. The blood safety and good biocompatibility of nanoparticles are further confirmed by hemolysis assay, indicating the prepared nanoparticles are potential candidates for effective tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xian Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jinfeng Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Yang Y, Wang P, Ji Z, Xu X, Zhang H, Wang Y. Polysaccharide‑platinum complexes for cancer theranostics. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120997. [PMID: 37230639 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Platinum anticancer drugs have been explored and developed in recent years to reduce systematic toxicities and resist drug resistance. Polysaccharides derived from nature have abundant structures as well as pharmacological activities. The review provides insights on the design, synthesis, characterization and associating therapeutic application of platinum complexes with polysaccharides that are classified by electronic charge. The complexes give birth to multifunctional properties with enhanced drug accumulation, improved tumor selectivity and achieved synergistic antitumor effect in cancer therapy. Several techniques developing polysaccharides-based carriers newly are also discussed. Moreover, the lasted immunoregulatory activities of innate immune reactions triggered by polysaccharides are summarized. Finally, we discuss the current shortcomings and outline potential strategies for improving platinum-based personalized cancer treatment. Using platinum-polysaccharides complexes for improving the immunotherapy efficiency represents a promising framework in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Yang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Breeding Pollution Control and Resource, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
| | - Pengge Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Zengrui Ji
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Yanqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China.
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Abbasi YF, Bera H, Cun D, Yang M. Recent advances in pH/enzyme-responsive polysaccharide-small-molecule drug conjugates as nanotherapeutics. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120797. [PMID: 37059536 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Now-a-days, the polysaccharides are extensively employed for the delivery of small-molecule drugs ascribed to their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and modifiability. An array of drug molecules is often chemically conjugated with different polysaccharides to augment their bio-performances. As compared to their therapeutic precursors, these conjugates could typically demonstrate an improved intrinsic solubility, stability, bioavailability and pharmacokinetic profiles of the drugs. In current years, various stimuli-responsive particularly pH and enzyme-sensitive linkers or pendants are also exploited to integrate the drug molecules into the polysaccharide backbone. The resulting conjugates could experience a rapid molecular conformational change upon exposure to the microenvironmental pH and enzyme changes of the diseased states, triggering the release of the bioactive cargos at the targeted sites and eventually minimize the systemic side effects. Herein, the recent advances in pH and enzyme -responsive polysaccharide-drug conjugates and their therapeutic benefits are systematically reviewed, following a brief description on the conjugation chemistry of the polysaccharides and drug molecules. The challenges and future perspectives of these conjugates are also precisely discussed.
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Biopolymeric Prodrug Systems as Potential Antineoplastic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091773. [PMID: 36145522 PMCID: PMC9505808 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, cancer represents a major public health issue, a substantial economic issue, and a burden for society. Limited by numerous disadvantages, conventional chemotherapy is being replaced by new strategies targeting tumor cells. In this context, therapies based on biopolymer prodrug systems represent a promising alternative for improving the pharmacokinetic and pharmacologic properties of drugs and reducing their toxicity. The polymer-directed enzyme prodrug therapy is based on tumor cell targeting and release of the drug using polymer–drug and polymer–enzyme conjugates. In addition, current trends are oriented towards natural sources. They are biocompatible, biodegradable, and represent a valuable and renewable source. Therefore, numerous antitumor molecules have been conjugated with natural polymers. The present manuscript highlights the latest research focused on polymer–drug conjugates containing natural polymers such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, dextran, pullulan, silk fibroin, heparin, and polysaccharides from Auricularia auricula.
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Multifunctional PEG Carrier by Chemoenzymatic Synthesis for Drug Delivery Systems: In Memory of Professor Andrzej Dworak. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142900. [PMID: 35890676 PMCID: PMC9320990 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis and characterization of new bivalent folate-targeted PEGylated doxorubicin (FA2-dPEG-DOX2) made by modular chemo-enzymatic processes using Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) as a biocatalyst. Unique features are the use of monodisperse PEG (dPEG) and the synthesis of thiol-functionalized folic acid yielding exclusive γ-conjugation of folic acid (FA) to dPEG. The polymer-based drug conjugate is built up by a series of transesterification and Michael addition reactions all catalyzed be CALB. In comparison with other methods in the literature, the modular approach with enzyme catalysis leads to selectivity, full conversion and high yield, and no transition metal catalyst residues. The intermediate product with four acrylate groups is an excellent platform for Michael-addition-type reactions for a wide variety of biologically active molecules. The chemical structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Flow cytometry analysis showed that, at 10 µM concentration, both free DOX and FA2-dPEG-DOX2 were taken up by 99.9% of triple-negative breast cancer cells in 2 h. Fluorescence was detected for 5 days after injecting compound IV into mice. Preliminary results showed that intra-tumoral injection seemed to delay tumor growth more than intravenous delivery.
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Li S, Wu Y, Liu S, Wu T, Liu G, Li T, Chen Z. A multifunctional platinum(IV) and cyanine dye-based polyprodrug for trimodal imaging-guided chemo-phototherapy. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1031-1041. [PMID: 35080231 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02682h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Imaging-guided chemo-phototherapy based on a single nanoplatform has a great significance to improve the efficiency of cancer therapy and diagnosis. However, high drug content, no burst release and real-time tracking of nanodrugs are the three main challenges for this kind of multifunctional nanotheranostics. In this work, we developed an innovative theranostic nanoplatform based on a Pt(IV) prodrug and a near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizer. A Pt(IV) prodrug and a cyanine dye (HOCyOH, Cy) were copolymerized and incorporated into the main chain of a polyprodrug (PCPP), which self-assembled into nanoparticles (NPs) with ∼27.61% Cy loading and ∼9.37% Pt loading, respectively. PCPP NPs enabled reduction-triggered backbone cleavage of polyprodrugs and bioactive Pt(II) release; Cy could be activated under 808 nm laser irradiation to produce local hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for phototherapy. Moreover, PCPP NPs with extremely high Cy and Pt heavy metal contents in the backbone of the polyprodrug could directly track the nanodrugs themselves via near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, photothermal imaging, and computed tomography (CT) imaging in vitro and in vivo. As revealed by trimodal imaging, PCPP NPs were found to exhibit excellent tumor accumulation and antitumor efficiency after intravenous injection into H22-tumor-bearing mice. The dual-drug backboned polyprodrug nanoplatform exhibited great potential for bioimaging and combined chemo-phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Yanjuan Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Siyuan Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Ting Wu
- Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Guozheng Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Tianduo Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China. .,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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NIR and Reduction Dual-Sensitive Polymeric Prodrug Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Combined Chemo-Phototherapy. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14020287. [PMID: 35054697 PMCID: PMC8779475 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of chemotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on a single nanosystem is highly desirable for cancer treatment. In this study, we developed a versatile Pt(IV) prodrug-based nanodrug, PVPt@Cy NPs, to realize synchronous chemotherapy, PDT and PTT and integrate cancer treatment with bioimaging. To construct PVPt@Cy NPs, the amphiphilic Pt(IV)-based polymeric prodrug PVPt was synthesized by a facile one-pot coupling reaction, and then it was used to encapsulate an optotheranostic agent (HOCyOH, Cy) via hydrophobic interaction-induced self-assembly. These NPs would disaggregate under acidic, reductive conditions and NIR irradiation, which are accompanied by photothermal conversion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, the PVPt@Cy NPs exhibited an enhanced in vitro anticancer efficiency with 808-nm light irradiation. Furthermore, the PVPt@Cy NPs showed strong NIR fluorescence and photothermal imaging in H22 tumor-bearing mice, allowing the detection of the tumor site and monitoring of the drug biodistribution. Therefore, PVPt@Cy NPs displayed an enormous potential in combined chemo-phototherapy.
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Jobdeedamrong A, Theerasilp M, Thumrongsiri N, Dana P, Saengkrit N, Crespy D. Responsive polyprodrug for anticancer nanocarriers. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00427e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarriers responsive to glutathione (GSH), a molecule overexpressed in cancer cells, are extensively investigated for the delivery of Pt-based chemotherapeutics for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjaree Jobdeedamrong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210 Rayong, Thailand
| | - Man Theerasilp
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210 Rayong, Thailand
| | - Nutthanit Thumrongsiri
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Paweena Dana
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nattika Saengkrit
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, 21210 Rayong, Thailand
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Sun J, Ogunnaike EA, Jiang X, Chen Z. Nanotechnology lights up the antitumor potency by combining chemotherapy with siRNA. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7302-7317. [PMID: 34382987 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01379c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based combination anticancer therapy offers novel approaches to overcome the limitations of single-agent administration. The emerging siRNA technology combined with chemotherapy has shown considerable promise in anticancer therapy. There are three main challenges in the fabrication of siRNA/chemotherapeutic drug co-loaded nanovectors: adequate cargo protection, precise targeted delivery, and site-specific cargo release. This review presents a summary of the nanosystems that have recently been developed for co-delivering siRNA and chemotherapeutic drugs. Their combined therapeutic effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- College of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.
| | - Edikan Archibong Ogunnaike
- Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xing Jiang
- College of Nursing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaowei Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Environment Monitoring, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, P. R. China. and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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