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Rollo-Walker G, Hasanpoor M, Malic N, Azad FM, O'Dell L, White J, Chiefari J, Forsyth M. Impact of optimised quasi-block structures on the properties of polymer electrolytes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:15742-15750. [PMID: 38768338 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00105b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
A set of ionic quasi-block copolymers were investigated to determine the effects of their composition and structure on their performance in their application as solid-state battery electrolytes. Diffusion and electrochemical tests have shown that these new quasi-block electrolytes have comparable performance to traditional block copolymers reaching ionic conductivities of 3.8 × 10-4 S cm-1 and lithium-ion diffusion of 4.6 × 10-12 m2 s-1 at 80 °C. It was illustrated that the mechanical properties of each quasi-block electrolyte are highly dependent on the order of monomer addition in polymer synthesis while the phase morphology hints at each of the quasi-blocks' unique compositional make up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Rollo-Walker
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Meisam Hasanpoor
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Nino Malic
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Faezeh Makhlooghi Azad
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Luke O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
| | - Jacinta White
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - John Chiefari
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bag 10, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
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2
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Makhlooghiazad F, Miguel Guerrero Mejía L, Rollo-Walker G, Kourati D, Galceran M, Chen F, Deschamps M, Howlett P, O'Dell LA, Forsyth M. Understanding Polymerized Ionic Liquids as Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Sodium Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:1992-2004. [PMID: 38221743 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have emerged as promising candidates for sodium-based batteries due to their cost-effectiveness and excellent flexibility. However, achieving high ionic conductivity and desirable mechanical properties in SPEs remains a challenge. In this study, we investigated an AB diblock copolymer, PS-PEA(BuImTFSI), as a potential SPE for sodium batteries. We explored binary and ternary electrolyte systems by combining the polymer with salt and [C3mpyr][FSI] ionic liquid (IL) and analyzed their thermal and electrochemical properties. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed phase separation in the polymer systems. The addition of salt exhibited a plasticizing effect localized to the polyionic liquid (PIL) phase, resulting in an increased ionic conductivity in the binary electrolytes. Introducing the IL further enhanced the plasticizing effect, elevating the ionic conductivity in the ternary system. Spectroscopic analysis, for the first time, revealed that the incorporation of NaFSI and IL influences the conformation of TFSI- and weakens the interaction between TFSI- and the polymer. This establishes correlations between anions and Na+, ultimately enhancing the diffusivity of Na ions. The electrochemical properties of an optimized SPE in Na/Na symmetrical cells were investigated, showcasing stable Na plating/stripping at high current densities up to 0.7 mA cm-2, maintaining its integrity at 70 °C. Furthermore, we evaluated the performance of a Na|NaFePO4 cell cycled at different rates (C/10 and C/5) and temperatures (50 and 70 °C), revealing remarkable high-capacity retention and Coulombic efficiency. This study highlights the potential of solvent-free diblock copolymer electrolytes for high-performance sodium-based energy storage systems, contributing to advanced electrolyte materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Makhlooghiazad
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Luis Miguel Guerrero Mejía
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Greg Rollo-Walker
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Dani Kourati
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- CNRS, CEMHTI UPR 3079, University of Orléans, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Montserrat Galceran
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Engeries (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Michaël Deschamps
- CNRS, CEMHTI UPR 3079, University of Orléans, F-45071 Orléans, France
| | - Patrick Howlett
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Luke A O'Dell
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
- ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage Technologies (StorEnergy), Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia
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3
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Ehrlich L, Pospiech D, Uhlmann P, Tzschöckell F, Hager MD, Voit B. Influencing ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of ionic liquid polymer electrolytes by designing the chemical monomer structure. Des Monomers Polym 2023; 26:198-213. [PMID: 37840643 PMCID: PMC10569356 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2023.2267235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric single chloride-ion conductor networks based on acrylic imidazolium chloride ionic liquid monomers AACXImCYCl as reported previously are prepared. The chemical structure of the polymers is varied with respect to the acrylic substituents (alkyl spacer and alkyl substituent in the imidazolium ring). The networks are examined in detail with respect to the influence of the chemical structure on the resulting properties including thermal behavior, rheological behavior, swelling behavior, and ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivities increase (by two orders of magnitude from 10-6 to 10-4 S·cm-1 with increasing temperature), while the complex viscosities of the polymer networks decrease simultaneously. After swelling in water for 1 week the ionic conductivity reaches values of 10-2 S·cm-1. A clear influence of the spacer and the crosslinker content on the glass transition temperature was shown for the first time in these investigations. With increasing crosslinker content, the Tg values and the viscosities of the networks increase. With increasing spacer length, the Tg values decrease, but the viscosities increase with increasing temperature. The results reveal that the materials represent promising electrolytes for batteries, as proven by successful charging/discharging of a p(TEMPO-MA)/zinc battery over 350 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Ehrlich
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Dresden, Germany
| | - Doris Pospiech
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
| | - Felix Tzschöckell
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin D. Hager
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Department Polymer Structures, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Dresden, Germany
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4
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Fortuin B, Meabe L, Peña SR, Zhang Y, Qiao L, Etxabe J, Garcia L, Manzano H, Armand M, Martínez-Ibañez M, Carrasco J. Molecular-Level Insight into Charge Carrier Transport and Speciation in Solid Polymer Electrolytes by Chemically Tuning Both Polymer and Lithium Salt. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:1955-1964. [PMID: 36761231 PMCID: PMC9900585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c07032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The advent of Li-metal batteries has seen progress toward studies focused on the chemical modification of solid polymer electrolytes, involving tuning either polymer or Li salt properties to enhance the overall cell performance. This study encompasses chemically modifying simultaneously both polymer matrix and lithium salt by assessing ion coordination environments, ion transport mechanisms, and molecular speciation. First, commercially used lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) salt is taken as a reference, where F atoms become partially substituted by one or two H atoms in the -CF3 moieties of LiTFSI. These substitutions lead to the formation of lithium(difluoromethanesulfonyl)(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiDFTFSI) and lithium bis(difluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiDFSI) salts. Both lithium salts promote anion immobilization and increase the lithium transference number. Second, we show that exchanging archetypal poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) significantly changes charge carrier speciation. Studying the ionic structures of these polymer/Li salt combinations (LiTFSI, LiDFTFSI or LiDFSI with PEO or PCL) by combining molecular dynamics simulations and a range of experimental techniques, we provide atomistic insights to understand the solvation structure and synergistic effects that impact macroscopic properties, such as Li+ conductivity and transference number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigette
A. Fortuin
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department
of Physics, University of the Basque Country
(UPV/EHU), 48940Leioa, Spain
| | - Leire Meabe
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Sergio Rodriguez Peña
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Department
of Physics, University of the Basque Country
(UPV/EHU), 48940Leioa, Spain
| | - Yan Zhang
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lixin Qiao
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julen Etxabe
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lorena Garcia
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Hegoi Manzano
- Department
of Physics, University of the Basque Country
(UPV/EHU), 48940Leioa, Spain
| | - Michel Armand
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Martínez-Ibañez
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Javier Carrasco
- Centre
for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein
48, 01510Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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5
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Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of PEO-Based Composite Polymer Electrolyte with Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Grafted SiO 2 Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15020394. [PMID: 36679274 PMCID: PMC9866075 DOI: 10.3390/polym15020394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to enhance the electrochemical performance and mechanical properties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes, composite solid electrolytes (CSE) composed of single-ion conducting polymer-modified SiO2, PEO and lithium salt were prepared and used in lithium-ion batteries in this work. The pyridyl disulfide terminated polymer (py-ss-PLiSSPSI) is synthesized through RAFT polymerization, then grafted onto SiO2 via thiol-disulfide exchange reaction between SiO2-SH and py-ss-PLiSSPSI. The chemical structure, surface morphology and elemental distribution of the as-prepared polymer and the PLiSSPSI-g-SiO2 nanoparticles have been investigated. Moreover, CSEs containing 2, 6, and 10 wt% PLiSSPSI-g-SiO2 nanoparticles (PLi-g-SiCSEs) are fabricated and characterized. The compatibility of the PLiSSPSI-g-SiO2 nanoparticles and the PEO can be effectively improved owing to the excellent dispersibility of the functionalized nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, which promotes the comprehensive performances of PLi-g-SiCSEs. The PLi-g-SiCSE-6 exhibits the highest ionic conductivity (0.22 mS·cm-1) at 60 °C, a large tLi+ of 0.77, a wider electrochemical window of 5.6 V and a rather good lithium plating/stripping performance at 60 °C, as well as superior mechanical properties. Hence, the CSEs containing single-ion conducting polymer modified nanoparticles are promising candidates for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
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Wang Q, Wang S, Lu T, Guan L, Hou L, Du H, Wei H, Liu X, Wei Y, Zhou H. Ultrathin Solid Polymer Electrolyte Design for High-Performance Li Metal Batteries: A Perspective of Synthetic Chemistry. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 10:e2205233. [PMID: 36442851 PMCID: PMC9811464 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202205233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Li metal batteries (LMBs) have attracted widespread attention in recent years because of their high energy densities. But traditional LMBs using liquid electrolyte have potential safety hazards, such as: leakage and flammability. Replacing liquid electrolyte with solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) can not only significantly improve the safety, but also improve the energy density of LMBs. However, till now, there is only limited success in improving the various physical and chemical properties of SPE, especially in thickness, posing great obstacles to further promoting its fundamental and applied studies. In this review, the authors mainly focus on evaluating the merits of ultrathin SPE and summarizing its existing challenges as well as fundamental requirements for designing and manufacturing advanced ultrathin SPE in the future. Meanwhile, the authors outline existing cases related to this field as much as possible and summarize them from the perspective of synthetic chemistry, hoping to provide a comprehensive understanding and serve as a strategic guidance for designing and fabricating high-performance ultrathin SPE. Challenges and opportunities regarding this burgeoning field are also critically evaluated at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shi Wang
- Corrosion and Protection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays (SKLOEID), Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tiantian Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Lixiang Guan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Lifeng Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
- Corrosion and Protection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Huayun Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
- Corrosion and Protection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Huan Wei
- Corrosion and Protection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Xiaoda Liu
- Corrosion and Protection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Yinghui Wei
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
- Corrosion and Protection Engineering Technology Research Center of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030024, China
| | - Henghui Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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Chernyak AV, Slesarenko NA, Slesarenko AA, Baymuratova GR, Tulibaeva GZ, Yudina AV, Volkov VI, Shestakov AF, Yarmolenko OV. Effect of the Solvate Environment of Lithium Cations on the Resistance of the Polymer Electrolyte/Electrode Interface in a Solid-State Lithium Battery. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1111. [PMID: 36363666 PMCID: PMC9694555 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the composition of liquid electrolytes in the bulk and at the interface with the LiFePO4 cathode on the operation of a solid-state lithium battery with a nanocomposite polymer gel electrolyte based on polyethylene glycol diacrylate and SiO2 was studied. The self-diffusion coefficients on the 7Li, 1H, and 19F nuclei in electrolytes based on LiBF4 and LiTFSI salts in solvents (gamma-butyrolactone, dioxolane, dimethoxyethane) were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with a magnetic field gradient. Four compositions of the complex electrolyte system were studied by high-resolution NMR. The experimentally obtained 1H chemical shifts are compared with those theoretically calculated by quantum chemical modeling. This made it possible to suggest the solvate shell compositions that facilitate the rapid transfer of the Li+ cation at the nanocomposite electrolyte/LiFePO4 interface and ensure the stable operation of a solid-state lithium battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Chernyak
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Nikita A. Slesarenko
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Anna A. Slesarenko
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Guzaliya R. Baymuratova
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Galiya Z. Tulibaeva
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alena V. Yudina
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Vitaly I. Volkov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alexander F. Shestakov
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Faculty of Fundamental Physical and Chemical Engineering, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga V. Yarmolenko
- Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
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8
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Wang X, Zhang C, Sawczyk M, Sun J, Yuan Q, Chen F, Mendes TC, Howlett PC, Fu C, Wang Y, Tan X, Searles DJ, Král P, Hawker CJ, Whittaker AK, Forsyth M. Ultra-stable all-solid-state sodium metal batteries enabled by perfluoropolyether-based electrolytes. NATURE MATERIALS 2022; 21:1057-1065. [PMID: 35788569 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable batteries paired with sodium metal anodes are considered to be one of the most promising high-energy and low-cost energy-storage systems. However, the use of highly reactive sodium metal and the formation of sodium dendrites during battery operation have caused safety concerns, especially when highly flammable liquid electrolytes are used. Here we design and develop solvent-free solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) based on a perfluoropolyether-terminated polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based block copolymer for safe and stable all-solid-state sodium metal batteries. Compared with traditional PEO SPEs, our results suggest that block copolymer design allows for the formation of self-assembled nanostructures leading to high storage modulus at elevated temperatures with the PEO domains providing transport channels even at high salt concentration (ethylene oxide/sodium = 8/2). Moreover, it is demonstrated that the incorporation of perfluoropolyether segments enhances the Na+ transference number of the electrolyte to 0.46 at 80 °C and enables a stable solid electrolyte interface. The new SPE exhibits highly stable symmetric cell-cycling performance at high current density (0.5 mA cm-2 and 1.0 mAh cm-2, up to 1,000 h). Finally, the assembled all-solid-state sodium metal batteries demonstrate outstanding capacity retention, long-term charge/discharge stability (Coulombic efficiency, 99.91%; >900 cycles with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode) and good capability with high loading NaFePO4 cathode (>1 mAh cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoen Wang
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage, storEnergy, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Michal Sawczyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ju Sun
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage, storEnergy, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qinghong Yuan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage, storEnergy, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tiago C Mendes
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage, storEnergy, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick C Howlett
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage, storEnergy, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xiao Tan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Debra J Searles
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Petr Král
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Departments of Physics, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Maria Forsyth
- Institute for Frontier Materials (IFM), ARC Industry Training Transformation Centre for Future Energy Storage, storEnergy, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
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9
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3D Printable Composite Polymer Electrolytes: Influence of SiO2 Nanoparticles on 3D-Printability. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111859. [PMID: 35683714 PMCID: PMC9181955 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We here demonstrate the preparation of composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) for Li-ion batteries, applicable for 3D printing process via fused deposition modeling. The prepared composites consist of modified poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and SiO2-based nanofillers. PEG was successfully end group modified yielding telechelic PEG containing either ureidopyrimidone (UPy) or barbiturate moieties, capable to form supramolecular networks via hydrogen bonds, thus introducing self-healing to the electrolyte system. Silica nanoparticles (NPs) were used as a filler for further adjustment of mechanical properties of the electrolyte to enable 3D-printability. The surface functionalization of the NPs with either ionic liquid (IL) or hydrophobic alkyl chains is expected to lead to an improved dispersion of the NPs within the polymer matrix. Composites with different content of NPs (5%, 10%, 15%) and LiTFSI salt (EO/Li+ = 5, 10, 20) were analyzed via rheology for a better understanding of 3D printability, and via Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) for checking their ionic conductivity. The composite electrolyte PEG 1500 UPy2/LiTFSI (EO:Li 5:1) mixed with 15% NP-IL was successfully 3D printed, revealing its suitability for application as printable composite electrolytes.
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10
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Abstract
This review study attempts to summarize available energy storage systems in order to accelerate the adoption of renewable energy. Inefficient energy storage systems have been shown to function as a deterrent to the implementation of sustainable development. It is therefore critical to conduct a thorough examination of existing and soon-to-be-developed energy storage technologies. Various scholarly publications in the fields of energy storage systems and renewable energy have been reviewed and summarized. Data and themes have been further highlighted with the use of appropriate figures and tables. Case studies and examples of major projects have also been researched to gain a better understanding of the energy storage technologies evaluated. An insightful analysis of present energy storage technologies and other possible innovations have been discovered with the use of suitable literature review and illustrations. This report also emphasizes the critical necessity for an efficient storage system if renewable energy is to be widely adopted.
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Volkov VI, Yarmolenko OV, Chernyak AV, Slesarenko NA, Avilova IA, Baymuratova GR, Yudina AV. Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries Studied by NMR Techniques. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12040416. [PMID: 35448386 PMCID: PMC9028971 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This review is devoted to different types of novel polymer electrolytes for lithium power sources developed during the last decade. In the first part, the compositions and conductivity of various polymer electrolytes are considered. The second part contains NMR applications to the ion transport mechanism. Polymer electrolytes prevail over liquid electrolytes because of their exploitation safety and wider working temperature ranges. The gel electrolytes are mainly attractive. The systems based on polyethylene oxide, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene), poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, etc., modified by nanoparticle (TiO2, SiO2, etc.) additives and ionic liquids are considered in detail. NMR techniques such as high-resolution NMR, solid-state NMR, magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR, NMR relaxation, and pulsed-field gradient NMR applications are discussed. 1H, 7Li, and 19F NMR methods applied to polymer electrolytes are considered. Primary attention is given to the revelation of the ion transport mechanism. A nanochannel structure, compositions of ion complexes, and mobilities of cations and anions studied by NMR, quantum-chemical, and ionic conductivity methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly I. Volkov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Olga V. Yarmolenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
| | - Alexander V. Chernyak
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Nikita A. Slesarenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
| | - Irina A. Avilova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
| | - Guzaliya R. Baymuratova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
| | - Alena V. Yudina
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (O.V.Y.); (A.V.C.); (N.A.S.); (I.A.A.); (G.R.B.); (A.V.Y.)
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