Lombardi T, Lamazza L, Bernardello F, Ziętek G, Stacchi C, Troiano G. Clinical and radiographic outcomes following transcrestal maxillary sinus floor elevation with injectable xenogenous bone substitute in gel form: a prospective multicenter study.
Int J Implant Dent 2022;
8:32. [PMID:
35867239 PMCID:
PMC9307698 DOI:
10.1186/s40729-022-00431-5]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose
To investigate clinical and radiographic outcomes of transcrestal maxillary sinus floor elevation performed with an injectable xenograft in gel form, analyzing general, local and surgical variables possibly influencing the results.
Methods
Patients with residual crestal height < 5 mm underwent transcrestal sinus floor elevation with xenograft in gel form to allow the placement of a single implant. Simultaneous implant placement was performed when primary stability was ≥ 15 Ncm. Graft height was measured immediately after surgery (T0) and after 6 months of healing (T1). Univariate and multivariate regression models were built to assess associations between clinical variables with implant survival and graft height at T1.
Results
71 patients underwent transcrestal sinus floor elevation and 54 implants were simultaneously placed. Delayed implant placement (at T1) was possible in 5 cases out of 17 (29.4%), whereas in 12 patients (70.6%) implant insertion was not possible or required additional sinus grafting. Implant survival rate, with a follow-up varying from 12 to 32 months after loading, was 100%. Mean pre-operative bone height was 3.8 ± 1.0 mm, at T0 was 13.9 ± 2.2 mm and at T1 was 9.9 ± 2.8 mm. Bone height at T1 was negatively influenced by membrane perforation at surgery (p = 0.004) and positively influenced by immediate implant insertion (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Transcrestal sinus floor elevation performed with injectable xenograft gel resulted in 100% implant survival rate. However, immediate implant insertion seems a crucial factor to preserve vertical bone gain: one-stage technique seems to be the most predictable approach to optimize clinical outcomes with this approach.
Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05305521. Registered 31 March 2022—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05305521.
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