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Bibi K, Shah MH. Investigation of imbalances in essential/toxic metal levels in the blood of laryngeal cancer patients in comparison with controls. Biometals 2023; 36:111-127. [PMID: 36370262 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma is one of the common types of head and neck cancer, with men being more likely than women to develop it. Diet, age, gender, smoking habits, and environmental factors play important roles in its development. The goal of this study was to ascertain if there were imbalances in essential and toxic trace metals owing to the initiation and progression of laryngeal cancer. Atomic absorption spectrometry was employed to quantify selected macroelements, and essential/toxic trace metals in blood of the cancerous patients and matching controls. Significantly higher concentrations of Pb, Cu, Fe, and Sr while substantially lower levels of Na, K, Ca, and Mg were observed in the cancer patients compared with the controls. Considerably disparate mutual relationships among the macroelements, and essential/toxic trace metals in the patients and controls were manifested by their correlation coefficients. Similarly, multivariate apportionment of the metal levels showed appreciably diverse associations and grouping in the patients and controls. The laryngeal cancer patients exhibited significant disparities in the metal levels among various sub-types (supraglottic, subglottic, transglottic, and glottic cancer) and stages (I, II, III, and IV) of the disease. Most of the metals revealed distinct differences based on the gender, habitat, age, eating preferences, and smoking habits in both donor groups. Overall, the study demonstrated significant imbalances among the macroelements, and essential/toxic trace metal levels in the blood of laryngeal cancer patients compared to the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalsoom Bibi
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Munir H Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
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Metals and Metallothionein Expression in Relation to Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10020034. [PMID: 35735634 PMCID: PMC9221887 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology was investigated for metal relations in an endemic area by a cross-sectional study with CKD stages G1, G2, G3a, G3b, G4, G5 (ESRD), and endemic and nonendemic controls (EC and NEC) as groups. Subjects with the medical diagnosis were classified into groups by eGFR (SCr, CKD-EPI) and UACR of the study. It determined 24 metals/metalloids in plasma (ICPMS) and metallothionein (MT) mRNA in blood (RT-PCR). MT1A at G3b and MT2A throughout G2−G5 showed increased transcription compared to NEC (ANOVA, p < 0.01). Both MT1A and MT2A remained metal-responsive as associations emerged between MT2A and human MT inducer Cr (in EC: r = 0.54, p < 0.05, n = 14), and between MT1A and MT2A (in EC pooled with G1−G5: r = 0.58, p < 0.001, n = 110). Human MT (hMT)-inducers, namely Zn, Cu, As, Pb, and Ni; Σ hMT-inducers; 14 more non-inducer metals; and Σ MT-binding metals remained higher (p < 0.05) in EC as compared to NEC. Declining eGFR or CKD progression increased the burden of Be, Mg, Al, V, Co, Ni, Rb, Cs, Ba, Mn, Zn, Sr, Σ hMT-inducers, and Σ MT-binding metals in plasma, suggesting an MT role in the disease. MT1A/2A mRNA followed UACR (PCA, Dendrogram: similarity, 57.7%). The study provides evidence that proteinuric chronic renal failure may increase plasma metal levels where blood MT2A could be a marker.
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Rempelos L, Wang J, Barański M, Watson A, Volakakis N, Hoppe HW, Kühn-Velten WN, Hadall C, Hasanaliyeva G, Chatzidimitriou E, Magistrali A, Davis H, Vigar V, Średnicka-Tober D, Rushton S, Iversen PO, Seal CJ, Leifert C. Diet and food type affect urinary pesticide residue excretion profiles in healthy individuals: results of a randomized controlled dietary intervention trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 115:364-377. [PMID: 34718382 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have linked pesticide exposure to various diseases, whereas organic food consumption has been associated with positive health outcomes. Organic farming standards prohibit the use of most pesticides, and organic food consumption may therefore reduce pesticide exposure. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of diet (Western compared with Mediterranean) and food type (conventional compared with organic) and sex on urinary pesticide residue excretion (UPRE), as well as associations between specific diet components and UPRE. METHODS In this 2-wk, randomized dietary intervention trial, healthy adults were randomly allocated to an intervention (n = 13) or conventional (n = 14) group. Whereas participants in the intervention group consumed a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) made entirely from organic foods, the conventional group consumed a MedDiet made entirely from conventional foods. Both groups consumed habitual Western diets made from conventional foods before and after the 2-wk intervention period. The primary outcome was UPRE. In addition, we assessed diet composition and pesticide residue profiles in foods eaten. Participants were aware of group assignment, but the study assessors were not. RESULTS During the intervention period, total UPRE was 91% lower with organic (mean 17 μg/d; 95% CI: 15, 19) than with conventional (mean 180 μg/d; 95% CI: 153, 208) food consumption (P < 0.0001). In the conventional group, switching from the habitual Western diet to the MedDiet increased insecticide excretion from 7 to 25 μg/d (P < 0.0001), organophosphate excretion from 5 to 19 μg/d (P < 0.0001), and pyrethroid residue excretion from 2.0 to 4.5 μg/d (P < 0.0001). Small but significant effects of sex were detected for chlormequat, herbicide, and total pesticide residue excretion. CONCLUSIONS Changing from a habitual Western diet to a MedDiet was associated with increased insecticide, organophosphate, and pyrethroid exposure, whereas organic food consumption reduced exposure to all groups of synthetic chemical pesticides. This may explain the positive health outcomes linked to organic food consumption in observational studies. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03254537.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Rempelos
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population and Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Marcin Barański
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anthony Watson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population and Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Catherine Hadall
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals, Royal Victory Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Gultakin Hasanaliyeva
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Chatzidimitriou
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,French Agency for Food Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, France (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Amelia Magistrali
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah Davis
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, NEFG, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Vanessa Vigar
- NatMed, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.,Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Steven Rushton
- Modelling Evidence and Policy Group, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Per Ole Iversen
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chris J Seal
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population and Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Leifert
- Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia.,Department of Nutrition, IMB, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxicant with serious public health consequences due to its persistence within arable soils, and the ease with which it enters food chains and then, accumulates in human tissues to induce a broad range of adverse health effects. The present review focuses on the role of zinc (Zn), a nutritionally essential metal, to protect against the cytotoxicity and carcinogenicity of Cd in urinary bladder epithelial cells. The stress responses and defense mechanisms involving the low-molecular-weight metal binding protein, metallothionein (MT), are highlighted. The efflux and influx transporters of the ZnT and Zrt-/Irt-like protein (ZIP) gene families are discussed with respect to their putative role in retaining cellular Zn homeostasis. Among fourteen ZIP family members, ZIP8 and ZIP14 mediate Cd uptake by cells, while ZnT1 is among ten ZnT family members solely responsible for efflux of Zn (Cd), representing cellular defense against toxicity from excessively high Zn (Cd) intake. In theory, upregulation of the efflux transporter ZnT1 concomitant with the downregulation of influx transporters such as ZIP8 and ZIP14 can prevent Cd accumulation by cells, thereby increasing tolerance to Cd toxicity. To link the perturbation of Zn homeostasis, reflected by the aberrant expression of ZnT1, ZIP1, ZIP6, and ZIP10, with malignancy, tolerance to Cd toxicity acquired during Cd-induced transformation of a cell model of human urothelium, UROtsa, is discussed as a particular example.
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