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Morán F, Olmos A, Glasa M, Silva MBD, Maliogka V, Wetzel T, Ruiz-García AB. A Novel and Highly Inclusive Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR Method for the Broad and Efficient Detection of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 1. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:876. [PMID: 36840223 PMCID: PMC9962094 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important crops in the world due to its economic and social impact. Like many other crops, grapevine is susceptible to different types of diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1) is a virus associated with grapevine leafroll disease and it is considered at the national and European level as a pathogen that must be absent in propagative plant material. For this reason, the availability of specific, sensitive and reliable detection techniques to ascertain the sanitary status of the plants is of great importance. The objective of this research was the development of a new GLRaV-1 detection method based on a TaqMan quantitative real-time RT-PCR targeted to the coat protein genomic region and including a host internal control in a duplex reaction. To this end, three new GLRaV-1 full genomes were recovered by HTS and aligned with all sequences available in the databases. The method has been validated following EPPO standards and applied for the diagnosis of field plant material and transmission vectors. The new protocol designed has turned out to be highly sensitive as well as much more specific than the current available methods for the detection and absolute quantitation of GLRaV-1 viral titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Morán
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Olmos
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miroslav Glasa
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius, Nám. J. Herdu 2, 91701 Trnava, Slovakia
| | - Marilia Bueno Da Silva
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Varvara Maliogka
- Plant Pathology Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thierry Wetzel
- DLR Rheinpfalz, Institute of Plant Protection, Breitenweg, 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstrasse, Germany
| | - Ana Belén Ruiz-García
- Centro de Protección Vegetal y Biotecnología, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Ctra. Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, C/Doctor Moliner 50, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
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Hommay G, Beuve M, Herrbach E. Transmission of Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Viruses and Grapevine Virus A by Vineyard-Sampled Soft Scales ( Parthenolecanium corni, Hemiptera: Coccidae). Viruses 2022; 14:v14122679. [PMID: 36560683 PMCID: PMC9784781 DOI: 10.3390/v14122679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine-infecting ampelo- and vitiviruses are transmitted by scale insects belonging to several species, among which is the European fruit lecanium, Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché) (Hemiptera Coccidae). Our objective was to characterize the transmission biology of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV) and grapevine virus A (GVA) by this soft scale species in order to evaluate its ability to spread these viruses. In transmission experiments with nymphs sampled from different vineyards infected with GLRaV 1, 2, 3 and GVA, P. corni transmitted only GLRaV 1 and GVA to healthy vines. GVA was predominantly transmitted along with GLRaV 1, whereas the latter could be transmitted alone from single or co-infected vines. Vineyard-sampled second instar nymphs were more efficient than first instars at transmitting GLRaV 1, whereas both instars displayed similar transmission rates for GVA. Short virus inoculation access periods and the absence of virus in eggs of females living on infected grapevines fulfilled the criteria of non-circulative semi-persistent transmission mode.
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