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Islas-Vazquez L, Alvarado-Alvarado YC, Cruz-Aguilar M, Velazquez-Soto H, Villalobos-Gonzalez E, Ornelas-Hall G, Perez-Tapia SM, Jimenez-Martinez MC. Evaluation of the Abdala Vaccine: Antibody and Cellular Response to the RBD Domain of SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1787. [PMID: 38140191 PMCID: PMC10748004 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdala is a recently released RBD protein subunit vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. A few countries, including Mexico, have adopted Abdala as a booster dose in their COVID-19 vaccination schemes. Despite that, most of the Mexican population has received full-scheme vaccination with platforms other than Abdala; little is known regarding Abdala's immunological features, such as its antibody production and T- and B-cell-specific response induction. This work aimed to study antibody production and the adaptive cellular response in the Mexican population that received the Abdala vaccine as a booster. We recruited 25 volunteers and evaluated their RBD-specific antibody production, T- and B-cell-activating profiles, and cytokine production. Our results showed that the Abdala vaccine increases the concentration of RBD IgG-specific antibodies. Regarding the cellular response, after challenging peripheral blood cultures with RBD, the plasmablast (CD19+CD27+CD38High) and transitional B-cell (CD19+CD21+CD38High) percentages increased significantly, while T cells showed an increased activated phenotype (CD3+CD4+CD25+CD69+ and CD3+CD4+CD25+HLA-DR+). Also, IL-2 and IFN-γ increased significantly in the supernatant of the RBD-stimulated cells. Our results suggest that Abdala vaccination, used as a booster, evokes antibody production and the activation of previously generated memory against the SARS-CoV-2 RBD domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Islas-Vazquez
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (L.I.-V.)
| | - Yan Carlos Alvarado-Alvarado
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (L.I.-V.)
| | - Marisa Cruz-Aguilar
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (L.I.-V.)
| | - Henry Velazquez-Soto
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (L.I.-V.)
| | - Eduardo Villalobos-Gonzalez
- Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Hospitalaria, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Gloria Ornelas-Hall
- Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiológica Hospitalaria, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico
| | - Sonia Mayra Perez-Tapia
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioterapéuticos (UDIBI), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Laboratorio Nacional para Servicios Especializados de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (I+D+i) para Farmoquímicos y Biotecnológicos, LANSEIDI-FarBiotec-CONACyT, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ENCB-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Maria C. Jimenez-Martinez
- Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, Mexico City 06800, Mexico; (L.I.-V.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Fernandes-Matano L, Salas-Lais AG, Grajales-Muñiz C, Hernández-Ávila M, Garfias-Becerra YO, Rodríguez-Sepúlveda MC, Segura-Sánchez C, Montes-Herrera D, Mendoza-Sánchez D, Angeles-Martínez J, Santos Coy-Arechavaleta A, Alvarado-Yaah JE, Santacruz-Tinoco CE, Ramón-Gallegos E, Muñoz-Medina JE. Longevity and Neutralizing Capacity of IgG Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Generated by the Application of BNT162b2, AZD1222, Convidecia, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac Vaccines: a Cohort Study in the Mexican Population. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0237622. [PMID: 36602375 PMCID: PMC9927513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02376-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The WHO has approved the use of several vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic; experience over the last 2 years has indicated that dose demand can only be covered using more than one design. Therefore, having scientific evidence of the performance of the different vaccines applied in a country is highly relevant. In Mexico, 5 vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were used, allowing a cohort study to analyze the generation of anti-S1/S2 IgG antibodies and anti-RBD antibodies with neutralizing activity at 0, 21, 90, and 180 days after vaccination. Five groups of participants were formed on the basis of the type of vaccine received and were divided on the basis of whether they previously had or did not have COVID-19. After completing the vaccination schedule, the seroprevalence was 95.5, 97.5, 81.0, 95.2, and 90.0% (BNT162b2, AZD1222, Convidecia, Sputnik V, and CoronaVac, respectively). Among the participants without COVID-19 prior to vaccination, the largest amount of antibodies in the 90-day period was observed in the BNT162b2 group, and the amount of antibodies in the Sputnik V group decreased the least over time. Even though the percentages of seroconversion obtained in this study were lower than those currently reported in other parts of the world, the tested vaccines are able, in most cases, to induce a good production of IgG antibodies anti-S1/S2 and neutralizing capacity. The fact that there are people who have not produced antibodies during the study leaves open some questions that must be investigated to avoid the appearance of serious cases of COVID-19. IMPORTANCE Since the start of the vaccination programs against COVID-19 in 2020, it was evident that due to global shortages, the demand for the dose required in Mexico could only be covered by acquiring different vaccines. Therefore, determining the effectiveness of these and the longevity of acquired immunity is extremely important in a scenario where SARS-CoV-2 circulation becomes endemic and booster doses are required periodically. Our data reveal significant differences both in the generation of antibodies as well as in their longevity for the vaccines applied in the country but suggest that, in general, the Mexican population can reach a high capacity to neutralize the virus, therefore, regarding less the variant for which they were designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Fernandes-Matano
- Coordinación de Calidad de Insumos y Laboratorios Especializados, Instuto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Mauricio Hernández-Ávila
- Dirección de Prestaciones Economicas y Sociales, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yonathan Omar Garfias-Becerra
- Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology, Conde De Valenciana Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (National Autonomous University of Mexico), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Carlos Segura-Sánchez
- Dirección de Prestaciones Economicas y Sociales, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Montes-Herrera
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Denisse Mendoza-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Angeles-Martínez
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Eva Ramón-Gallegos
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Esteban Muñoz-Medina
- Coordinación de Calidad de Insumos y Laboratorios Especializados, Instuto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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