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Yan X, Gu C, Xiao W, Zhou Y, Xiang X, Yu Z, He M, Yang Q, Zhao M, He L. Evaluation of immunoregulation and immunoprotective efficacy of Glaesserella parasuis histidine kinase QseC. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106685. [PMID: 38750774 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
QseC is a membrane sensor kinase that enables bacteria to perceive autoinducers -3, adrenaline, and norepinephrine to initiate downstream gene transcription. In this study, we found that the QseC protein of Glaesserella parasuis can serve as an effective antigen to activate the host's immune response. Therefore, we investigated the immunogenicity and host protective effect of this protein. ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence results showed that QseC protein can induce high titer levels of humoral immunity in mice and regularly generate specific serum antibodies. We used MTS reagents to detect lymphocyte proliferation levels and found that QseC protein can cause splenic lymphocyte proliferation with memory and specificity. Further immunological analysis of the spleen cell supernatant revealed significant upregulation of levels of IL-1β, IL-4 and IFN-γ in the QseC + adjuvant group. In the mouse challenge experiment, it was found that QseC + adjuvant can provide effective protection. The results of this study demonstrate that QseC protein provides effective protection in a mouse model and has the potential to serve as a candidate antigen for a novel subunit vaccine for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Yan
- School of Physical Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wudian Xiao
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Xiang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Manli He
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mingde Zhao
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lvqin He
- Experimental Animal Center, Technology Department, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Soto Perezchica MM, Guerrero Barrera AL, Avelar Gonzalez FJ, Quezada Tristan T, Macias Marin O. Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, surface proteins and virulence: a review. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1276712. [PMID: 38098987 PMCID: PMC10720984 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1276712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App) is a globally distributed Gram-negative bacterium that produces porcine pleuropneumonia. This highly contagious disease produces high morbidity and mortality in the swine industry. However, no effective vaccine exists to prevent it. The infection caused by App provokes characteristic lesions, such as edema, inflammation, hemorrhage, and necrosis, that involve different virulence factors. The colonization and invasion of host surfaces involved structures and proteins such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), pili, flagella, adhesins, outer membrane proteins (OMPs), also participates proteases, autotransporters, and lipoproteins. The recent findings on surface structures and proteins described in this review highlight them as potential immunogens for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M. Soto Perezchica
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Alma L. Guerrero Barrera
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Francisco J. Avelar Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Estudios Ambientales, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Teodulo Quezada Tristan
- Departamento de Ciencias Veterinaria, Centro de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - Osvaldo Macias Marin
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
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Metal Ion Periplasmic-Binding Protein YfeA of Glaesserella parasuis Induces the Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines of Macrophages via MAPK and NF-κB Signaling through TLR2 and TLR4. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179627. [PMID: 36077023 PMCID: PMC9456096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The YfeA gene, belonging to the well-conserved ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transport system Yfe, encodes the substrate-binding subunit of the iron, zinc, and manganese transport system in bacteria. As a potential vaccine candidate in Glaesserella parasuis, the functional mechanisms of YfeA in the infection process remain obscure. In this study, vaccination with YfeA effectively protected the C56BL6 mouse against the G. parasuis SC1401 challenge. Bioinformatics analysis suggests that YfeA is highly conserved in G. parasuis, and its metal-binding sites have been strictly conserved throughout evolution. Stimulation of RAW 264.7 macrophages with YfeA verified that toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 participated in the positive transcription and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The activation of TLR2 and TLR4 utilized the MyD88/MAL and TRIF/TRAM pairs to initiate TLRs signaling. Furthermore, YfeA was shown to stimulate nuclear translocation of NF-κB and activated diverse mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling cascades, which are specific to the secretion of particular cytokine(s) in murine macrophages. Separate blocking TLR2, TLR4, MAPK, and RelA (p65) pathways significantly decreased YfeA-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production. In addition, YfeA-stimulated RAW 264.7 produces the pro-inflammatory hallmark, reactive oxygen species (ROS). In conclusion, our findings indicate that YfeA is a novel pro-inflammatory mediator in G. parasuis and induces TLR2 and TLR4-dependent pro-inflammatory activity in RAW 264.7 macrophages through P38, JNK-MAPK, and NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Yan X, Dai K, Gu C, Yu Z, He M, Xiao W, Zhao M, He L. Deletion of two-component system QseBC weakened virulence of Glaesserella parasuis in a murine acute infection model and adhesion to host cells. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13648. [PMID: 35769141 PMCID: PMC9235811 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread two-component system (TCS), QseBC, involves vital virulence regulators in Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae. Here we studied the function of QseBC in Glaesserella parasuis. A ΔqseBC mutant was constructed using a Glaesserella parasuis serovar 11 clinical strain SC1401 by natural transformation. Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate cellular adhesion, the levels of inflammation and apoptosis. The ability of ΔqseBC and ΔqseC mutant strains to adhere to PAM and MLE-12 cells was significantly reduced. Additionally, by focusing on the clinical signs, H&E, and IFA for inflammation and apoptosis, we found that the ΔqseBC mutant weakened virulence in the murine models. Together, these findings suggest that QseBC plays an important role in the virulence of Glaesserella parasuis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ke Dai
- Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Congwei Gu
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zehui Yu
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Manli He
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | | | | | - Lvqin He
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Transcriptomics analysis reveals key lncRNAs and genes related to the infection of porcine lung macrophages by Glaesserella parasuis. Microb Pathog 2022; 169:105617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yin RH, Guo ZB, Zhou YY, Wang C, Yin RL, Bai WL. LncRNA-MEG3 Regulates the Inflammatory Responses and Apoptosis in Porcine Alveolar Macrophages Infected with Haemophilus parasuis Through Modulating the miR-210/TLR4 Axis. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:3152-3164. [PMID: 34191053 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis, HPS) can elicit serious inflammatory responses and cause enormous economic loss to swine industry worldwide. However, the factors responsible for systemic infection and inflammatory responses of HPS have not yet been fully clarified. In this study, we found that lncRNA-MEG3 was significantly up-regulated in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) infected with HPS. The gain- and loss-of-function analysis confirmed that lncRNA-MEG3 participated in the inflammatory responses and apoptosis in HPS-infected PAMs, which was assessed via several inflammatory cytokine genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and apoptotic factors (Bcl-2, Bax, and C-caspase-3). Based on biotin-labeled RNA pull-down assay, we found that lncRNA-MEG3 bound with miR-210 in HPS-infected PAMs. Based on both overexpression and knockdown analysis of lncRNA-MEG3, our results indicated that lncRNA-MEG3 promoted the expression of TLR4 in HPS-infected PAMs. Using dual-luciferase reporter assays, we showed that lncRNA-MEG3 positively regulated the expression of TLR4 gene in HPS-infected PAMs through miR-210 pathway. Taken together, our results indicated that lncRNA-MEG3 participated in the inflammatory responses and apoptosis in HPS-infected PAMs through modulating the miR-210/TLR4 axis. The results from this investigation provided significant information for a novel target to control HPS infection in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong H Yin
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Aninal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhong B Guo
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Aninal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yuan Y Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Aninal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Liaoning Agricultural Technical College, Yingkou, 115009, China
| | - Rong L Yin
- Research Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Sciences of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Wen L Bai
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Aninal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Dai K, Yang Z, Ma X, Chang YF, Cao S, Zhao Q, Huang X, Wu R, Huang Y, Xia J, Yan Q, Han X, Ma X, Wen X, Wen Y. Deletion of Polyamine Transport Protein PotD Exacerbates Virulence in Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis in the Form of Non-biofilm-generated Bacteria in a Murine Acute Infection Model. Virulence 2021; 12:520-546. [PMID: 33525975 PMCID: PMC7872090 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1878673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are small, polycationic molecules with a hydrocarbon backbone and multiple amino groups required for optimal cell growth. The potD gene, belonging to the ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transport system potABCD, encodes the bacterial substrate-binding subunit of the polyamine transport system, playing a pivotal role in bacterial metabolism and growth. The swine pathogen Glaesserella parasuis possesses an intact pot operon, and the studies presented here mainly examined the involvement of PotD in Glaesserella pathogenesis. A potD-deficient mutant was constructed using a virulent G. parasuis strain SC1401 by natural transformation; immuno-electron microscopy was used to identify the subcellular location of native PotD protein; an electron microscope was adopted to inspect biofilm and bacterial morphology; immunofluorescence technique was employed to study cellular adhesion, the levels of inflammation and apoptosis. The TSA++-pre-cultured mutant strain showed a significantly reduced adhesion capacity to PK-15 and MLE-12 cells. Likewise, we also found attenuation in virulence using murine models focusing on the clinical sign, H&E, and IFA for inflammation and apoptosis. However, when the mutant was grown in TSB++, virulence recovered to normal levels, along with a high level of radical oxygen species formation in the host. The expression of PotD could actively stimulate the production of ROS in Raw 264.7. Our data suggested that PotD from G. parasuis has a high binding potential to polyamine, and is essential for the full bacterial virulence within mouse models. However, the virulence of the potD mutant is highly dependent on its TSA++ culture conditions rather than on biofilm-formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Dai
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University , NY, USA
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xia
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Qigui Yan
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Xinfeng Han
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Xintian Wen
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Chengdu, China
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The effects of baicalin on piglets challenged with Glaesserella parasuis. Vet Res 2020; 51:102. [PMID: 32795339 PMCID: PMC7427943 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-020-00826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) causes porcine vascular inflammation and damage. Baicalin is reported to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions. However, whether baicalin protects piglets against G. parasuis challenge and the potential protective mechanism have not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we comprehensively examined the protective efficacy of baicalin in piglets challenged with G. parasuis and the possible protective mechanism. Our results show that baicalin attenuated the release of the inflammation-related cytokines interleukin (IL) 1β, IL6, IL8, IL10, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and reduced high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) production and cell apoptosis in piglets infected with G. parasuis. Baicalin also inhibited the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway and protected piglets against G. parasuis challenge. Taken together, our data suggest that baicalin could protect piglets from G. parasuis by reducing HMGB1 release, attenuating cell apoptosis, and inhibiting MAPK signalling activation, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response induced by the bacteria. Our results suggest that baicalin has utility as a novel therapeutic drug to control G. parasuis infection.
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