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Kumbhar P, Kolekar K, Vishwas S, Shetti P, Kumbar V, Andreoli Pinto TDJ, Paiva-Santos AC, Veiga F, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K, Disouza J, Patravale V. Treatment avenues for age-related macular degeneration: Breakthroughs and bottlenecks. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102322. [PMID: 38723753 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant factor contributing to serious vision loss in adults above 50. The presence of posterior segment barriers serves as chief roadblocks in the delivery of drugs to treat AMD. The conventional treatment strategies use is limited due to its off-targeted distribution in the eye, shorter drug residence, poor penetration and bioavailability, fatal side effects, etc. The above-mentioned downside necessitates drug delivery using some cutting-edge technology including diverse nanoparticulate systems and microneedles (MNs) which provide the best therapeutic delivery alternative to treat AMD efficiently. Furthermore, cutting-edge treatment modalities including gene therapy and stem cell therapy can control AMD effectively by reducing the boundaries of conventional therapies with a single dose. This review discusses AMD overview, conventional therapies for AMD and their restrictions, repurposed therapeutics and their anti-AMD activity through different mechanisms, and diverse barriers in drug delivery for AMD. Various nanoparticulate-based approaches including polymeric NPs, lipidic NPs, exosomes, active targeted NPs, stimuli-sensitive NPs, cell membrane-coated NPs, inorganic NPs, and MNs are explained. Gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and therapies in clinical trials to treat AMD are also discussed. Further, bottlenecks of cutting-edge (nanoparticulate) technology-based drug delivery are briefed. In a nutshell, cutting-edge technology-based therapies can be an effective way to treat AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popat Kumbhar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416 113, India
| | - Kaustubh Kolekar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416 113, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144 411, India
| | - Priya Shetti
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Belagavi, India
| | - Vijay Kumbar
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Belagavi, India.
| | - Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Professor Lineu Prestes Street, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guarav Gupta
- Center for Global Health research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144 411, India; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - John Disouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416 113, India.
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India.
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Soni S, Lukhey MS, Thawkar BS, Chintamaneni M, Kaur G, Joshi H, Ramniwas S, Tuli HS. A current review on P2X7 receptor antagonist patents in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders: a patent review on antagonists. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4643-4656. [PMID: 38349395 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is defined by an activated microglial state linked to all neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (a motor neuron disease that affects the brain and spinal cord). P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are ATP-activated ion-gated channels present on microglial surfaces. Prolonged ATP release under pathological settings results in sustained P2X7R activation, which leads to inflammasome development and cytokine release. P2X7R and its enabling roles have recently been linked to neurodegenerative diseases, making it a potential research subject. This research provides an overview of current patents for chemicals, biologics, and medicinal applications. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), European Patent Office (EPO, Espacenet), and the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) databases were searched for patents using the keywords "P2X7R and Neuroinflammation." During the study period from 2015 to 2021, 103 patents were examined. The countries that protected these innovations were the United States, PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty states), Europe, Canada, Australia, and India. Janssen Pharmaceutica NV had the most applications, followed by Acetelion Pharmaceuticals LTD., Renovis Inc., Kelly Michael G, Kincaid Jhon, Merck Patent GMBH, H Lundbeck A/S, and many more. The P2X7R is a possible diagnostic and therapeutic target for cancer, pain disorders, and inflammation. For P2X7 R, several compounds have been discovered and are presently the subject of clinical trial investigations. This study featured patents for P2X7R antagonists, which help treat conditions including neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simran Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Mihir S Lukhey
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Baban S Thawkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Meena Chintamaneni
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
| | - Hemant Joshi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana-Ambala, 133207, India.
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Krzemiński P, Misiewicz-Krzemińska I, Grodzik M, Padzińska-Pruszyńska I, Kucharzewska P, Ostrowska A, Sawosz E, Pomorski P. The protective effect of silver nanoparticles' on epithelial cornea cells against ultraviolet is accompanied by changes in calcium homeostasis and a decrease of the P2X7 and P2Y2 receptors. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116090. [PMID: 38169187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of silver nanoparticles hydrocolloids (AgNPs) on human corneal epithelial cells. Epithelial cells form the outermost and the most vulnerable to environmental stimuli layer of the cornea in the eye. Mechanical stress, UV radiation, and pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites challenge the fragile homeostasis of the eye. To help combat stress, infection, and inflammation wide portfolio of interventions is available. One of the oldest treatments is colloidal silver. Silver nanoparticle suspension in water is known for its anti-bacterial anti-viral and antiprotozoal action. However, AgNPs interact also with host cells, and the character of the interplay between corneal cells and silver seeks investigation. METHODS The human epithelial corneal cell line (HCE-2) was cultured in vitro, treated with AgNPs, and subjected to UV. The cell's viability, migration, calcium concentration, and expression/protein level of selected proteins were investigated by appropriate methods including cytotoxicity tests, "wound healing" assay, Fluo8/Fura2 AM staining, qRT-PCR, and western blot. RESULTS Incubation of human corneal cells (HCE-2) with AgNP did not affect cells viability but limited cells migration and resulted in altered calcium homeostasis, decreased the presence of ATP-activated P2X7, P2Y2 receptors, and enhanced the expression of PACAP. Furthermore, AgNPs pretreatment helped restrain some of the deleterious effects of UV irradiation. Interestingly, AgNPs had no impact on the protein level of ACE2, which is important in light of potential SARS-CoV-2 entrance through the cornea. CONCLUSIONS Silver nanoparticles are safe for corneal epithelial cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patryk Krzemiński
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Irena Misiewicz-Krzemińska
- Plasma Cell Neoplasm Laboratory, Department of Experimental Haematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Chocimska 5, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Grodzik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Padzińska-Pruszyńska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Kucharzewska
- Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Insitute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Ciszewskiego 8, bldg. 23, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Pomorski
- Laboratory of Molecular Basis of Cell Motility, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Pasteura 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Olivier E, Rat P. Role of Oxysterols in Ocular Degeneration Mechanisms and Involvement of P2X7 Receptor. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1440:277-292. [PMID: 38036885 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Ocular degeneration, including cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy, is a major public health challenge, as it affects the quality of life of millions of people worldwide and, in its advanced stages, leads to blindness. Ocular degeneration, although it can affect different parts of the eye, shares common characteristics such as oxysterols and the P2X7 receptor. Indeed, oxysterols, which are cholesterol derivatives, are associated with ocular degeneration pathogenesis and trigger inflammation and cell death pathways. Activation of the P2X7 receptor is also linked to ocular degeneration and triggers the same pathways. In age-related macular degeneration, these two key players have been associated, but further studies are needed to extrapolate this interrelationship to other ocular degenerations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrice Rat
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, CiTCoM, Paris, France
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Carnero E, Irigoyen-Bañegil C, Gutiérrez I, Extramiana L, Sabater AL, Moreno-Montañes J. Comparison of Transcriptomic Analysis of the Conjunctiva in Glaucoma-Treated Eyes with Dry Eyes and Healthy Controls. Biomolecules 2023; 14:30. [PMID: 38254630 PMCID: PMC10813521 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ocular surface disease (OSD) associated with topical glaucoma drugs is a common issue impacting treatment adherence. We aimed to identify conjunctival transcriptomic changes in glaucoma and dry eye patients, comparing them to healthy controls. Bulbar conjunctival specimens were collected via impression cytology from 33 patients treated for glaucoma, 9 patients with dry eye, and 14 healthy controls. RNA extraction and bulk RNA sequencing were performed, followed by bioinformatics analysis to detect gene dysregulation. Ingenuity pathways analysis (IPA) identified pathways and biological processes associated with these transcriptomic changes. Sequencing analysis revealed 200 modified genes in glaucoma patients compared to healthy individuals, 233 differentially expressed genes in dry eye patients versus controls, and 650 genes in treated versus dry eye samples. In glaucoma patients, 79% of altered pathways were related to host defense, while dry eye patients showed a 39% involvement of host response, 15% in cellular proliferation and integrity, and 16% of mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings were validated through qRT-PCR. Glaucoma patients showed an intensified conjunctival immune response as a potential cause of OSD, whereas in dry eye patients, in addition to the immune response, other mechanisms such as mitochondrial dysfunction or reduced cellular proliferation were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carnero
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (E.C.); (I.G.); (J.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Cristina Irigoyen-Bañegil
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (E.C.); (I.G.); (J.M.-M.)
| | - Itziar Gutiérrez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (E.C.); (I.G.); (J.M.-M.)
| | - Leire Extramiana
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
| | - Alfonso L. Sabater
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ocular Surface Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL 33136, USA;
| | - Javier Moreno-Montañes
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain; (E.C.); (I.G.); (J.M.-M.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain;
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Komiya Y, Takeyama A, Shibata M, Imamura Y, Ishida M. Outer retinal microstructure and visual function after macular hole surgery with and without Brilliant Blue G. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2022; 66:534-540. [PMID: 36181645 DOI: 10.1007/s10384-022-00942-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the outer retinal microstructure and visual function after idiopathic macular hole (MH) surgery using internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with and without Brilliant Blue G (BBG) staining. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, consecutive case series. METHODS A total of 49 eyes of 47 patients were enrolled: 23 eyes of 23 patients with MH who underwent ILM peeling without dyes (control group) and 26 eyes of 26 patients who underwent BBG staining (BBG group). The lengths of defects of the photoreceptor ellipsoid zone (EZ), external limiting membrane (ELM), and interdigitation zone (IZ) were measured. RESULTS The rate of MH closure after initial surgery was 95.6% (22/23 eyes) for the control group versus 100% (26/26 eyes) for the BBG group. In the 48 eyes with MH closure, the recovery rate of ELM deficiency and change in IZ deficiency showed no difference between the groups. The changes in EZ deficiency at 1 and 12 months were greater in the BBG group than in the control group. (P = 0.047 and 0.031). Visual acuity was better in the BBG group than in the control group during 12 months postoperatively (P < 0.001-0.038). CONCLUSION Eyes undergoing BBG-assisted MH surgery achieved faster recovery of the outer retinal structures and greater visual improvement than those of eyes without BBG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Komiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital Mizonokuchi, 5-1-1, Futago, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Asuka Takeyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital Mizonokuchi, 5-1-1, Futago, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan.
| | - Masaki Shibata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital Mizonokuchi, 5-1-1, Futago, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Yutaka Imamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital Mizonokuchi, 5-1-1, Futago, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, University Hospital Mizonokuchi, 5-1-1, Futago, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 213-8507, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-22-36, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8515, Japan
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Bianca Maria Platania C, Drago F, Bucolo C. The P2X7 receptor as a new pharmacological target for retinal diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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The Role of Purinergic Receptors in the Circadian System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103423. [PMID: 32408622 PMCID: PMC7279285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian system is an internal time-keeping system that synchronizes the behavior and physiology of an organism to the 24 h solar day. The master circadian clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), resides in the hypothalamus. It receives information about the environmental light/dark conditions through the eyes and orchestrates peripheral oscillators. Purinergic signaling is mediated by extracellular purines and pyrimidines that bind to purinergic receptors and regulate multiple body functions. In this review, we highlight the interaction between the circadian system and purinergic signaling to provide a better understanding of rhythmic body functions under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Sugiyama T. Special Issue for Purinergic Receptors, Particularly P2X 7 Receptor, in the Eye. Vision (Basel) 2018; 2:E30. [PMID: 31735893 PMCID: PMC6835916 DOI: 10.3390/vision2030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Sugiyama
- Nakano Eye Clinic of Kyoto Medical Co-operative, Kyoto 604-8404, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-75-801-4151
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Sakura, Chiba 285-8741, Japan
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