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Dai YN, Wang LT, Zhang YS, Xue L, He PC, Tan N, Liu YH. Ticagrelor alleviates pyroptosis of myocardial ischemia reperfusion-induced acute lung injury in rats: a preliminary study. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16613. [PMID: 38188139 PMCID: PMC10771767 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary infection is highly prevalent in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. However, the potential mechanism is not well characterized. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) induces acute lung injury (ALI) related to pulmonary infection and inflammation. Recent studies have shown that pyroptosis mediates ALI in several human respiratory diseases. It is not known whether MIRI induces pyroptosis in the lungs. Furthermore, ticagrelor is a clinically approved anti-platelet drug that reduces ALI and inhibits the expression levels of several pyroptosis-associated proteins, but the effects of ticagrelor on MIRI-induced ALI have not been reported. Therefore, we investigated whether ticagrelor alleviated ALI in the rat MIRI model, and its effects on pyroptosis in the lungs. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, MIRI, MIRI plus low ticagrelor (30 mg/kg), and MIRI plus high ticagrelor (100 mg/kg). Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining was performed on the lung sections, and the HE scores were calculated to determine the extent of lung pathology. The wet-to-dry ratio of the lung tissues were also determined. The expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins such as NLRP3, ASC, and Cleaved caspase-1 were estimated in the lung tissues using the western blot. ELISA was used to estimate the IL-1β levels in the lungs. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the levels of MPO-positive neutrophils as well as the total NLRP3-positive and Cleaved caspase-1-positive areas in the lung tissues. The lung tissues from the MIRI group rats showed significantly higher HE score, wet-to-dry ratio, and the MPO-positive area compared to the control group, but these effects were attenuated by pre-treatment with ticagrelor. Furthermore, lung tissues of the MIRI group rats showed significantly higher expression levels of pyroptosis-associated proteins, including NLRP3 (2.1-fold, P < 0.05), ASC (3.0-fold, P < 0.01), and Cleaved caspase-1 (9.0-fold, P < 0.01). Pre-treatment with the high-dose of ticagrelor suppressed MIRI-induced upregulation of NLRP3 (0.46-fold, P < 0.05), ASC (0.64-fold, P < 0.01), and Cleaved caspase-1 (0.80-fold, P < 0.01). Immunohistochemistry results also confirmed that pre-treatment with ticagrelor suppressed MIRI-induced upregulation of pyroptosis in the lungs. In summary, our data demonstrated that MIRI induced ALI and upregulated pyroptosis in the rat lung tissues. Pre-treatment with ticagrelor attenuated these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ning Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Tao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye-Shen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Cheng He
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Li A, Chen S, Wu J, Li J, Wang J. Ischemic Postconditioning Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 38:79-87. [PMID: 35657304 PMCID: PMC10010732 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of ischemic postconditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury (ALI). METHODS Forty adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group (SO group), myocardial ischemia-reperfusion group (IR group), ischemic preconditioning group (IPRE group) and ischemic postconditioning group (IPOST group) (10 mice in each group). Anterior descending coronary artery was blocked for 60 min and then reperfused for 15 min to induce myocardial IR. For the IPRE group, 3 consecutive cycles of 5 min of occlusion and 5 minutes of reperfusion of the coronary arteries were performed before ischemia. For the IPOST group, 3 consecutive cycles of 5 min reperfusion and 5 minutes of occlusion of the coronary arteries were performed before reperfusion. Pathological changes of lung tissue, lung wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio, inflammatory factors, oxidative stress indicators, apoptosis of lung cells and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) protein were used to evaluate lung injury. RESULTS After myocardial IR, lung injury worsened significantly, manifested by alveolar congestion, hemorrhage, structural destruction of alveolar septal thickening, and interstitial neutrophil infiltration. In addition, lung W/D ratio was increased, plasma inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-17A, were increased, malondialdehyde (MDA) activity of lung tissue was increased, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased after myocardial IR. It was accompanied by the increased protein expression levels of ERS-related protein glucose regulatory protein 78 (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), and caspase-12, and the increased apoptotic indices of lung tissues. CONCLUSION IPOST can effectively improve myocardial IR-induced ALI by inhibiting ERS-induced apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianjiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang, China
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Chen F, Wang D, Jiang Y, Ma H, Li X, Wang H. Dexmedetomidine postconditioning alleviates spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats via inhibiting neutrophil infiltration, microglia activation, reactive gliosis and CXCL13/CXCR5 axis activation. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:1-12. [PMID: 33499703 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1881089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is an unresolved complication and its mechanisms are still not completely understood. Here, we studied the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) postconditioning against spinal cord I/R injury in rats and explored the possible mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study, rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham group, I/R group, DEX0.5 group, DEX2.5 group, and DEX5 group. I/R injury was induced in experimental rats; 0.5 μg/kg, 2.5 μg/kg, 5 μg/kg DEX were intravenously injected upon reperfusion respectively. Neurological function, histological assessment, and the disruption of blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) were evaluated via the BBB scoring, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Evans Blue (EB) extravasation and spinal cord edema, respectively. Neutrophil infiltration was evaluated via Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Microglia activation and reactive gliosis was evaluated via ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1(IBA-1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence, respectively. The expression of C-X-C motif ligand 13 (CXCL13), C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5(CXCR5), caspase-3 was determined by western blotting. The expression levels of interleukin 6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), IL-1β were determined by ELISA assay. RESULTS DEX postconditioning preserved neurological assessment scores, improved histological assessment scores, attenuated BSCB leakage after spinal cord I/R injury. Neutrophil infiltration, microglia activation and reactive gliosis were also inhibited by DEX postconditioning. The expression of CXCL13, CXCR5, caspase-3, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β were reduced by DEX postconditioning. CONCLUSIONS DEX postconditioning alleviated spinal cord I/R injury, which might be mediated via inhibition of neutrophil infiltration, microglia activation, reactive gliosis and CXCL13/CXCR5 axis activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengshou Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yanhua Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Chen S, Li A, Wu J, Huang Y, Zou T, Tailaiti T, Wang J. Dexmedetomidine reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in young mice through MIF/AMPK/GLUT4 axis. BMC Anesthesiol 2022; 22:289. [PMID: 36104681 PMCID: PMC9472426 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-022-01825-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reperfusion of ischemic tissue has adverse impact on the myocardium. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist with sedative and analgesic effects. Macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) is a pressure-regulating cytokine and is responsible for inflammatory and immune diseases. This study aims to reveal the consequences of Dex on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in young mice. METHODS Fifty mice were raised and examined. At the end of the experiment, all mice were euthanized. The anterior descending department of the left coronary artery in mice was under ischemia for 60 min, then the ligation line was released and reperfused for 120 min to establish the IRI model. Mice were randomly divided into Sham, control, treatment using 4,5-dihydro-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isoxazoleacetic acid (ISO-1), Dex treatment, and Dex combined ISO-1 treatment groups. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP levels were recorded. The expressions of MIF, P-adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase α (AMPKα), glucose transporter (GLUT)4, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western Blot (WB). Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was used to study cell morphology. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay. Echocardiography was carried out at the end of reperfusion, and the infarct size was calculated by Electron microscopy. RESULTS I/R + Dex group showed significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and reduced myocardial cell necrosis and apoptosis. H&E staining showed alleviated myocardial disorder, myocardial cell swelling, myocardial fiber fracture, and inflammatory cell infiltration in I/R + Dex group. Myocardial cell necrosis and apoptosis were significantly reduced in I/R + Dex group. ATP level in myocardial tissue of mice in I/R group was substantially decreased, while that in Dex group was increased. WB results showed that MIF, P-AMPK α, GLUT4 and Bcl-2 levels were increased and Bax levels were decreased in I/R + Dex group. CONCLUSION Dex may exert myocardial protection in young mice through MIF/AMPK/GLUT4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Aimei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jianjiang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yidan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Tiantian Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Taiwangu Tailaiti
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Xinshi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830054, Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
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Sun M, Wang R, Xia R, Xia Z, Wu Z, Wang T. Amelioration of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetes: A narrative review of the mechanisms and clinical applications of dexmedetomidine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:949754. [PMID: 36120296 PMCID: PMC9470922 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.949754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are complex and multifactorial. Many strategies have been developed to ameliorate myocardial I/R injuries based on these mechanisms. However, the cardioprotective effects of these strategies appear to diminish in diabetic states. Diabetes weakens myocardial responses to therapies by disrupting intracellular signaling pathways which may be responsible for enhancing cellular resistance to damage. Intriguingly, it was found that Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a potent and selective α2-adrenergic agonist, appears to have the property to reverse diabetes-related inhibition of most intervention-mediated myocardial protection and exert a protective effect. Several mechanisms were revealed to be involved in DEX’s protection in diabetic rodent myocardial I/R models, including PI3K/Akt and associated GSK-3β pathway stimulation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) alleviation, and apoptosis inhibition. In addition, DEX could attenuate diabetic myocardial I/R injury by up-regulating autophagy, reducing ROS production, and inhibiting the inflammatory response through HMGB1 pathways. The regulation of autonomic nervous function also appeared to be involved in the protective mechanisms of DEX. In the present review, the evidence and underlying mechanisms of DEX in ameliorating myocardial I/R injury in diabetes are summarized, and the potential of DEX for the treatment/prevention of myocardial I/R injury in diabetic patients is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhilin Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilin Wu, ; Tingting Wang,
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilin Wu, ; Tingting Wang,
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Kartal S, Şen A, Tümkaya L, Erdivanlı B, Mercantepe T, Yılmaz A. The effect of dexmedetomidine on liver injury secondary to lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion in a diabetic rat model. Clin Exp Hypertens 2021; 43:677-682. [PMID: 34109906 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2021.1937204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the hepatic protective effects of dexmedetomidine in the lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion model in diabetic rats biochemically and histopathologically.Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n = 6); Control (C) group, diabetic control group (DM), diabetic ischemia-reperfusion group (IR), group with diabetic IR and dexmedetomidine (DEX). In the IR and DEX groups were performed 120 min reperfusion after 120 min ischemia. In group DEX, 100 µ / kg dexmedetomidine was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before renal IR administration. Then, various histopathological and biochemical parameters were evaluated in liver tissue.Results: After ischemia-reperfusion, aspartate amino transaminase, alanine amino transaminase, total oxidant level, and thiobarbituric acid -reactive substances were increased, total thiol group and total antioxidant level were decreased and these parameters were found to improve in the group given dexmedetomidine. It was also observed that there was histopathological deterioration after ischemia-reperfusion and histopathological deterioration was found to be less with dexmedetomidine administration.Conclusion: The effects of lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion on hepatic tissue as distant organs were evaluated in diabetic rats, histopathologically, immunologically, biochemically, and liver damage was determined after ischemia-reperfusion, and dexmedetomidine was found to decrease liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyfi Kartal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Healthy Sciences, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Şen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, University of Healthy Sciences, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Levent Tümkaya
- Department of Medical Sciences Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Rize, Turkey
| | - Basar Erdivanlı
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Medical Sciences Histology Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Rize, Turkey
| | - Adnan Yılmaz
- Department of Basic Sciences Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Rize, Turkey
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Wang Z, Wu J, Hu Z, Luo C, Wang P, Zhang Y, Li H. Dexmedetomidine Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting p75NTR-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:5454210. [PMID: 33194004 PMCID: PMC7648709 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5454210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and apoptosis play a key role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) may present renal protective effects in sepsis. Therefore, we studied antioxidant effects and the mechanism of DEX in an inflammatory proximal tubular epithelial cell model and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced AKI in mice. Methods. We assessed renal function (creatinine, urea nitrogen), histopathology, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)), and apoptosis (TUNEL staining and Cleaved caspase-3) in mice. In vitro experiments including Cleaved caspase-3 and p75NTR/p38MAPK/JNK signaling pathways were evaluated using western blot. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) production and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. Results. DEX significantly improved renal function and kidney injury and also revert the substantially increased level of MDA concentrations as well as the reduction of the SOD enzyme activity found in LPS-induced AKI mice. In parallel, DEX treatment also reduced the apoptosis and Cleaved caspase-3 expression evoked by LPS. The expression of p75NTR was increased in kidney tissues of mice with AKI but decreased after treatment with DEX. In cultured human renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2 cells), DEX inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis and generation of ROS, but this was reversed by overexpression of p75NTR. Furthermore, pretreatment with DEX significantly downregulated phosphorylation of JNK and p38MAPK in LPS-stimulated HK-2 cells, and this effect was abolished by overexpression of p75NTR. Conclusion. DEX ameliorated AKI in mice with sepsis by partially reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis through regulation of p75NTR/p38MAPK/JNK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaolan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Kartal S, Kip G, Küçük A, Aşçı SS, Erdem Ö, Arslan M, Kavutçu M. The Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine on Oxidative Injuries and Histological Changes Following Blunt Chest Trauma. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:2937-2943. [PMID: 32801635 PMCID: PMC7384874 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s258921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this research was to evaluate the oxidative and histopathological effects of dexmedetomidine and ketamine on the pulmonary contusion model resulting from blunt chest trauma. METHODS Rats were randomly assigned to 5 equal groups (n=6): control group (Group C), pulmonary contusion group (Group PC), PC-dexmedetomidine group (Group PC-D), PC-ketamine group (Group PC-K), and PC-dexmedetomidine + ketamine (Group PC-D+K). The PC was performed by dropping a weight of 500 g (2.45 Joules) from a height of 50 cm. In Group PC-D, after chest trauma, dexmedetomidine (100 µg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. In Group PC-K, after chest trauma, ketamine (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. In Group PC-D+K, dexmedetomidine and ketamine were administered together. At the end of the 6th hour, rats were sacrificed. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation, and thickness of the alveolar wall were evaluated. RESULTS MDA levels were significantly higher in Group PC than Groups C, PC-D, and PC-D+K. SOD enzyme activity was significantly higher in Group PC than Groups C, PC-D, and PC-D+K. In addition, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation and total pulmonary injury scores were significantly higher in Group PC than in other groups, and the thickness of the alveolar wall was significantly higher in Group PC compared to Groups C, PC-D, and PC-D+K. MDA level, SOD enzyme activities, neutrophil infiltration/aggregation, and thickness of alveolar wall were similar in PC-D and PC-D+K groups. CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine and dexmedetomidine+ketamine have protective effects on blunt chest trauma but no protective effect was observed when ketamine was administered alone. We concluded that the administration of dexmedetomidine and ketamine after contusion is beneficial against pulmonary injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyfi Kartal
- Health Science University, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gülay Kip
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Küçük
- Kütahya Health Science University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Kütahya, Turkey
| | - Seyhan Sümeyra Aşçı
- Health Science University, Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Özlem Erdem
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara, Turkey,Correspondence: Mustafa Arslan Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara06510, TurkeyTel +90 312 202 53 13Fax +90 312 202 4166 Email
| | - Mustafa Kavutçu
- Gazi University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
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Kong Q, Yuan M, Ming T, Fang Q, Wu X, Song X. Expression and regulation of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8-like 2 is associated with acute lung injury induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion in diabetic rats. Microvasc Res 2020; 130:104009. [PMID: 32333940 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible role of TIPE2 on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MIR) in diabetic rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly separated into four groups: control+sham (C + sham); control+MIR (C + MIR); diabetes+sham (D + sham); diabetes+MIR (D + MIR). Diabetes was induced using streptozotocin. Eight weeks after diabetes induction, MIR was conducted. At 2 h after MIR, myocardial injury indices were assessed; arterial blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected for corresponding detection. RESULTS Rats subjected to MIR showed serious ALI (estimated via pathological changes, lung injury score and Wet/Dry weight ratio), lung inflammation and pulmonary cell apoptosis compared with sham groups, especially in D + MIR group. Evaluation of protein expression in lung tissues showed that p-JNK and nuclear NF-κB p65 protein levels were higher in D + MIR group as compared with C + MIR group. Besides, either hyperglycemia or MIR can significantly upregulate TIPE2 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, diabetic lungs are more susceptible to MIR. TIPE2 may involve in this pathological process, possibly through regulation of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Tingqian Ming
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xuemin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Liu F, Zhu S, Ni L, Huang L, Wang K, Zhou Y. Dexmedetomidine alleviates insulin resistance in hepatocytes by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. Endocrine 2020; 67:87-94. [PMID: 31679138 PMCID: PMC6969002 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-02118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dexmedetomidine (DEX) stabilizes intraoperative blood glucose levels and reduces insulin resistance (IR), a common perioperative complication. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Since endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a mechanism of IR, this study sought to examine whether DEX can effectively alleviate IR by reducing ERS. METHODS HepG2 and LO2 cells were treated with different concentrations of insulin. The glucose content assay and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) were then employed to determine the optimal insulin concentration capable of inducing IR without affecting cell viability. Insulin-resistant hepatocytes were cultured with different concentrations of DEX for 24 h, and the glucose concentration in the supernatant was measured. ERS was assessed by qPCR and western blotting. The latter was also used to quantify the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-AKT), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and glucose 6 phosphatase (G6Pase), which are key proteins involved in the action of insulin. RESULTS After 48-h of culturing with 10 μg/mL insulin, glucose consumption in hepatocytes was found to be reduced. IR hepatocytes cultured with 10, 100, or 1000 ng/ml DEX for 24 h showed a concentration-dependent increase in glucose consumption. Elevated mRNA and protein levels of ERS markers binding immunoglobulin protein (BIP) and ER protein 29 (ERp29), were reversed by DEX treatment. Moreover, reduced p-AKT and increased PEPCK and G6Pase protein levels in IR hepatocytes were also restored following DEX treatment. CONCLUSION DEX may alleviate IR in hepatocytes by reducing ERS serving to restore insulin action via the IRS-1/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shaojun Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lifeng Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ling'er Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kuirong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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11
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Sun Y, Li L, Wu J, Gong B, Liu H. Germacrone cooperates with dexmedetomidine to alleviate high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus via upregulating AMPKα1 expression. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3514-3524. [PMID: 31602228 PMCID: PMC6777304 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of germacrone (GM) and dexmedetomidine (DEX) in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced T2DM rat model was established. The experimental rats were divided into the control group, HFD group, GM treatment group, DEX treatment group and GM + DEX treatment group. In addition, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor compound C (CC) was used to inhibit AMPKα1 expression. All rats received their respective treatment daily for 21 days. Blood glucose and lipid levels, apoptosis of hepatic cells, and levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators in serum samples were evaluated. Protein expression of AMPKα1 and its downstream targets were also investigated. Results demonstrated that blood glucose concentration, blood lipid indicators (endothelin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol), cell apoptosis in liver tissues, total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-1β levels in serum were increased in the high-fat group compared to the control but decreased following GM and/or DEX treatment. By contrast, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and antioxidative stress indicator superoxide dismutase (SOD) were decreased in the high-fat group but increased following GM and/or DEX treatment. Protein expression of AMPKα1 and the catabolic genes carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and acyl coenzyme A were decreased whilst anabolic genes, including sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase-2, were increased in the HFD group. These effects were attenuated by GM and/or DEX treatment. AMPKα1 inhibition resulted in decreased SOD and increased cell apoptosis in liver tissues as well as increased IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β levels compared with the HFD group. However, these effects were abolished following treatment with CC, GM and DEX together. Taken together these results indicated that GM worked synergistically with DEX to attenuate symptoms of high-fat-induced T2DM, with the effect potentially involving an increase in AMPKα1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Li
- Department of Anesthesia, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Bing Gong
- Department of Anesthesia, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Anesthesia, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
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12
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Assad OM, Aly Labib DA, Ahmed Rashed L. Dexmedetomidine protects against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion-induced renal damage in rats. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egja.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Osama M. Assad
- Department of AnesthesiologyFaculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Dina A. Aly Labib
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistery and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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13
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Oh JE, Jun JH, Hwang HJ, Shin EJ, Oh YJ, Choi YS. Dexmedetomidine restores autophagy and cardiac dysfunction in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:105-114. [PMID: 30206697 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective and potent α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative stress effects in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats. The underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of diabetic cardiomyopathy remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of DEX on cardiac function in DM rats. METHODS Eight-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 5), diabetes (DM, n = 7), and diabetes + DEX (DM + DEX, n = 10). DM was induced via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (70 mg/kg); at 3 days later, DEX (1 µg/kg/h) was administered for 4 weeks. Cardiac function was evaluated using pressure-volume loop analysis and echocardiography. Left ventricular (LV) histological sections were used to analyze the interstitial collagen fraction. Using the LV samples, we performed a western blot analysis to evaluate signaling pathways and autophagic markers. RESULTS The DM group had lower body weight and higher blood glucose level and heart weight/body weight ratio than the control group. However, metabolic changes did not differ between the DM and DM + DEX groups. Pressure-volume loop analysis and echocardiography showed impaired cardiac function, evidenced by a decrease in systolic and diastolic function, in both DM groups. DEX treatment in DM rats was associated with increased LV end-systolic pressure, LV contractility, cardiac output, and relaxed LV function compared with that in non-treated DM rats. LC3B and autophagy-related gene (ATG) proteins increased in the hearts of DM rats compared with the hearts of control rats. However, DEX reduced the expression of LC3B and ATG proteins in the hearts of DM rats. Increased p-ERK and decreased p-AKT were reduced in the hearts of DEX-treated DM rats. CONCLUSIONS DEX reduces cardiac dysfunction and impaired autophagy in DM rats. This study reinforces our understanding of the potential anti-autophagic effect of DEX in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Eun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hae Jun
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Hwang
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Shin
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Oh
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seon Choi
- Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Kuzgun Ö, Özkardeşler S, Özbilgin Ş, Akan M, Ergür BU, Kamacı G, Güneli ME, Ateş N, Şişman AR, Dalak RM. Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Renal Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2018; 46:462-469. [PMID: 30505609 DOI: 10.5152/tjar.2018.62592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine before and after ischaemia in diabetic rat kidney ischaemia reperfusion (IR) injury in the experimental diabetic rat model. Methods Data belonging to 35 rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were analysed. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced using streptozotocin. Groups had bilateral renal vasculature clamped for 45 min ischaemia before clamps were removed, and 4 hours reperfusion was applied. Rats were divided into five groups: Group I or nondiabetic sham group (n=7), Group II or diabetic sham group (n=7), Group III or diabetic IR group (n=7), Group IV or diabetic IR+prophylactic Dex P (before ischaemia) (n=7) and Group V or diabetic IR+therapeutic Dex T (following reperfusion) (n=7). Dexmedetomidine was administered at a dose of 100 μg kg-1 intraperitoneally. Histomorphological and biochemical methods were used to assess the blood and tissue samples. Results The proximal tubule injury score in the control sham group was significantly lower than in other groups. The proximal tubule and total cell damage scores of the diabetic IR group were significantly higher than the diabetic IR+Dex T group, and no significant difference was detected in the diabetic IR+Dex P group. The biochemical parameters of the IR group were significantly increased compared to Groups I and II; however, there was no significant reduction in these parameters in the groups administered dexmedetomidine. Conclusion Although administration of dexmedetomidine after ischaemia in the diabetic rat renal IR model was found to be more effective on the histopathological injury scores compared to preischaemic administration, this study has not shown that dexmedetomidine provides effective and complete protection in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Kuzgun
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sevda Özkardeşler
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Şule Özbilgin
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mert Akan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kent Private Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Bekir Uğur Ergür
- Department of Histology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gonca Kamacı
- Department of Experienced Laboratory Animal Science, Dokuz Eylül University, Vocational School of Health Services, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ensari Güneli
- Department of Experienced Laboratory Animal Science, Dokuz Eylül University, Vocational School of Health Services, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nazire Ateş
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ali Rıza Şişman
- Departments of Biochemistry, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Reci Meseri Dalak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ege University İzmir Atatürk School of Health, İzmir, Turkey
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15
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Dexmedetomidine protects high-glucose induced apoptosis in human retinal pigment epithelial cells through inhibition on p75(NTR). Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:466-471. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Renoprotective effects of dexmedetomidine against ischemia-reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198307. [PMID: 30114208 PMCID: PMC6095484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic patients are susceptible to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which leads to perioperative complications. Activation of NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome participates in the development of diabetes, and contributes to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist, shows renoprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. We aimed to elucidate the effects, underlying mechanisms, and optimal timing of DEX treatment in diabetic rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 12 per group) were randomly divided into normal-sham, diabetes-sham, diabetes-ischemia-reperfusion-control, diabetes-ischemia-reperfusion-DEX-pre-treatment, and diabetes-ischemia-reperfusion-DEX-post-treatment groups. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced in diabetic rats by occlusion of both renal arteries for 45 min, followed by reperfusion for 24 h. DEX (10 μg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 1 h before ischemia (pre-treatment) or upon reperfusion (post-treatment). After reperfusion, renal tissue was biochemically and histopathologically evaluated. Results DEX treatment attenuated ischemia reperfusion-induced increase in NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, phospho-AKT, and phospho-ERK signaling. Moreover, oxidative stress injury, inflammatory reactions, apoptosis, and renal tubular damage were favorably modulated by DEX treatment. Furthermore, post-reperfusion treatment with DEX was significantly more effective than pre-treatment in modulating NLRP3 inflammasome, AKT and ERK signaling, and oxidative stress. Conclusions This study shows that the protective effects of DEX in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury are preserved in diabetic conditions and may potentially provide a basis for the use of DEX in clinical treatment of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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17
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Sezen ŞC, Kucuk A, Özer A, Kılıç Y, Mardin B, Alkan M, Erkent FD, Arslan M, Ünal Y, Oktar GL, Tosun M. Assessment of the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone on lung injury after myocardial ischemia reperfusion in rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:1347-1352. [PMID: 29861626 PMCID: PMC5968782 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s160092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of levosimendan and thymoquinone (TQ) on lung injury after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were included in the study. The animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental groups. In Group C (control group), left anterior descending artery was not occluded or reperfused. Myocardial I/R was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending artery for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion in the I/R, I/R-levosimendan (24 µg/kg) (IRL) group, and I/R-thymoquinone (0.2 mL/kg) (IRTQ) group. Tissue samples taken from the lungs of rats were histochemically stained with H&E and immunohistochemically stained with p53, Bcl 2, Bax, and caspase 3 primer antibodies. RESULTS Increased expression of p53 and Bax was observed (4+), especially in the I/R group. In IRTQ and IRL groups, expression was also observed at various locations (2+, 3+). H&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged and the walls of the alveoli were too thick, the number of areas examined was increased during the evaluation. Caspase 3 expression was observed to be at an (1+, 2+) intensity that was usually weak and diffuse in multiple areas. Bcl 2 was not found to be expressed in any of the tissues. H&E staining revealed that that the lungs were severely damaged in the I/R group, with the walls of the channels and alveoli thickened and edematous, and also an intense inflammatory cell migration was observed. Immunohistochemical staining was more prominent in inflammatory areas and structures around the terminal bronchioles. CONCLUSION The findings in our study have shown that administration of levosimendan and TQ during I/R increases expression of caspase 3, p53, and Bax in lung tissue and has a protective effect on lung as distant organ. We suggest that findings of this study be elucidated with further large-scale clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şaban Cem Sezen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Kirikkale University Medical Faculty, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Kucuk
- Department of Physiology, Dumlupinar University Medical Faculty, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Özer
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yiğit Kılıç
- Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Dr Siyami Ersek Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Barış Mardin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Metin Alkan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatmanur Duruk Erkent
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey,Correspondence: Mustafa Arslan, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Medical Faculty, 06510 Ankara, Türkiye, Tel +90 312 202 6739; +90 533 422 8577, Fax +90 312 202 4166, Email ;
| | - Yusuf Ünal
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gürsel Levent Oktar
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Gazi University Medical Faculty, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Tosun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Afyon Kocatepe University Medical Faculty, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Cheng X, Hu J, Wang Y, Ye H, Li X, Gao Q, Li Z. Effects of Dexmedetomidine Postconditioning on Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rats: Role of the PI3K/Akt-Dependent Signaling Pathway. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:3071959. [PMID: 30402501 PMCID: PMC6196799 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3071959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to determine whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) exerts cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury in diabetic hearts and the mechanisms involved. METHODS A total of 30 diabetic rats induced by high-glucose-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) were randomly assigned to five groups: diabetic sham-operated group (DM-S), diabetic I/R group (DM-I/R), diabetic DEX group (DM-D), diabetic DEX + Wort group (DM-DW), and diabetic Wort group (DM-W). Another 12 age-matched male normal SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: sham-operated group (S) and I/R group (I/R). All rats were subjected to 30 min myocardial ischemia followed by 120 min reperfusion except sham groups. Plasmas were collected to measure the malondialdehyde (MDA), creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity at the end of reperfusion. Pathologic changes in myocardial tissues were observed by H-E staining. The total and phosphorylated form of Akt and GSK-3β protein expressions were measured by western blot. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax at mRNA level was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS DEX significantly reduced plasma CK-MB, MDA concentration, and LDH level and increased SOD activity caused by I/R. The phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β was increased, Bcl-2 mRNA and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was increased, and Bax mRNA was decreased in the DEX group as compared to the I/R group, while posttreatment with Wort attenuated the effects induced by DEX. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that DEX postconditioning may increase the phosphorylation of GSK-3β by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and may inhibit apoptosis and oxidative stress of the myocardium, thus exerting protective effects in diabetic rat hearts suffering from I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Hongwei Ye
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Qin Gao
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Zhenghong Li
- Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, China
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Gallego-Ligorit L, Vives M, Vallés-Torres J, Sanjuán-Villarreal TA, Pajares A, Iglesias M. Use of Dexmedetomidine in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2017; 32:1426-1438. [PMID: 29325842 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic agonist with analgesic and sedative properties. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of the drug for short-lasting sedation (24 h) in intensive care units (ICUs) in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation and endotracheal intubation. In October 2008, the Food and Drug Administration extended use of the drug for the sedation of nonintubated patients before and during surgical and nonsurgical procedures. In the European Union, the European Medicine Agency approved the use of dexmedetomidine in September 2011 with a single recognized indication: ICU adult patients requiring mild sedation and awakening in response to verbal stimulus. At present, the use of dexmedetomidine for sedation outside the ICU remains an off-label indication. The benefits of dexmedetomidine in critically ill patients and in cardiac, electrophysiology-related, vascular, and thoracic procedures are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Gallego-Ligorit
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesia Section,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Marc Vives
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hospital de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge Vallés-Torres
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesia Section,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - T Alberto Sanjuán-Villarreal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesia Section,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Azucena Pajares
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Anesthesia Section,Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario Iglesias
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón. (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
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Yeda X, Shaoqing L, Yayi H, Bo Z, Huaxin W, Hong C, Zhongyuan X. Dexmedetomidine protects against renal ischemia and reperfusion injury by inhibiting the P38-MAPK/TXNIP signaling activation in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:429-439. [PMID: 28700004 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170060000003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) could attenuate acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Four groups each containing six rats were created (sham control(S), diabetes-sham (DS), diabetes I/R (DI/R), and diabetes-I/R-dexmedetomidine (DI/R-DEX). In diabetes groups, single-dose (65 mg/kg) STZ was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). In Group DI/R, ischemia reperfusion was produced via 25 min of bilateral renal pedicle clamping followed by 48 h of reperfusion. In Group DI/R-DEX, 50 μg/kg dexmedetomidine was administered intraperitoneally 30 minutes before ischemia. Renal function, histology, apoptosis, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and oxidative stress in diabetic kidney were determined. Moreover, expression of P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38-MAPK), phosphorylated-P38-MAPK(p-P38-MAPK) and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) were assessed. Results: The degree of renal I/R injury was significantly increased in DI/R group compared with S group and DS group. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, oxidative stress and apoptosis were found significantly higher in DI/R Group when compared with S Group and DS Group. The protein expression of p-P38-MAPK and TXNIP were significantly increased after I/R. All these changes were reversed by DEX treatment. Conclusion: The renoprotective effects of DEX-pretreatment which attenuates I/R-induced AKI were partly through inhibition of P38-MAPK activation and expression of TXINP in diabetic kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yeda
- Master, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, China. Conception and design of the study, acquisition and interpretation of data, manuscript writing
| | - Lei Shaoqing
- PhD, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, China. Acquisition of data, critical revision
| | - Huang Yayi
- PhD, Master, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, China. Acquisition of data
| | - Zhao Bo
- Bachelor, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan the Third Hospital, China. Acquisition of data
| | - Wang Huaxin
- Bachelor, Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan the Third Hospital, China. Acquisition of data
| | - Cao Hong
- Full Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, China. Design and supervised all phases of the study, critical revision
| | - Xia Zhongyuan
- Full Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, China. Design and supervised all phases of the study, critical revision
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21
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Lai CC, Huang PH, Yang AH, Chiang SC, Tang CY, Tseng KW, Huang CH. Baicalein Attenuates Lung Injury Induced by Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2017; 45:791-811. [PMID: 28521514 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Baicalein is an active component of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which has traditionally been used to treat cardiovascular diseases in China. In this study, we investigated if treatment with baicalein can attenuate the lung injury induced by myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Myocardial I/R, induced by a 40-min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and a 3-h reperfusion, significantly increased histological damage and the wet-to-dry weight ratio of lungs in rats. The terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive nuclei and caspase-3 activation was significantly increased in the lungs. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text] (TNF-[Formula: see text]), interleukin-1[Formula: see text] (IL-1[Formula: see text]), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly elevated, as were TNF-[Formula: see text] levels in the lung. Intravenous administration with baicalein at doses of 3, 10, and 30[Formula: see text]mg/kg for ten minutes before myocardial I/R significantly reduced histological damage, the wet-to-dry weight ratio, and apoptosis in the lung. Baicalein also significantly inhibited the increase in levels of TNF-[Formula: see text], IL-1[Formula: see text], and IL-6. Moreover, baicalein increased Bcl-2 and decreased p53, Bax, and cytochrome [Formula: see text] in lungs. Phosphorylation of the prosurvival kinases, including Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), was increased, while the phosphorylation of the pro-apoptotic mitogen-activated protein kinases, including p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), was decreased. In conclusion, treatment with baicalein attenuates the lung injury induced by myocardial I/R. The mechanisms might be related to the limiting of apoptosis, possibly via the inhibition of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis, including the inhibition of TNF-[Formula: see text] production and modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chi Lai
- * Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,† Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,∥ Department of Physical Education and Health, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- † Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,‡ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,** Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - An-Han Yang
- § Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chiung Chiang
- ¶ Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Tang
- * Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,† Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Tseng
- ∥ Department of Physical Education and Health, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsiung Huang
- * Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Song L, Li D, Wang J, Meng C, Cui X. Effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase on lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats. J Surg Res 2017; 216:9-17. [PMID: 28807219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a pathologic process that is observed in several clinical conditions, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) is involved. Diabetes mellitus (DM) results in an increased incidence of ischemia-induced organ damage. The aims of this study were to examine the effects of DM on LIRI in a rat model of DM and to explore the possible mechanisms in relation to the p38 MAPK pathway. METHODS Forty rats were randomly divided into the following five groups (n = 8 each): a control + sham group, a control + IR group (CIR), a DM + sham group, a DM + IR group (DIR), and a DM + IR + SB203580 group. The control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats underwent a sham operation or left hilum occlusion for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 4 h. SB203580 was used to inhibit the p38 MAPK pathway. The pulmonary oxygenation index, inflammatory cytokines in the serum, lung edema, histopathology, oxidant stress, apoptosis, and phosphorylated/total-p38 MAPK protein levels were measured. RESULTS The DIR group displayed greater concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and increases in the wet weight-to-dry weight ratio, lung injury scores, malondialdehyde levels, and cellular apoptosis, and these effects were accompanied by lower pulmonary oxygenation compared with the CIR group (P < 0.05). In the DIR group, the expression levels of p38 MAPK protein were significantly upregulated compared with those of the CIR group. Additionally, all of these alterations were attenuated in the DM + IR + SB203580 group compared with the DIR group. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes exacerbates LIRI by activating the p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology (the Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Anesthesiology (the Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology (the Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology (the Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoguang Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology (the Hei Long Jiang Province Key Lab of Research on Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine), the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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23
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Kundra TS, Nagaraja PS, Singh NG, Dhananjaya M, Sathish N, Manjunatha N. Effect of dexmedetomidine on diseased coronary vessel diameter and myocardial protection in percutaneous coronary interventional patients. Ann Card Anaesth 2017; 19:394-8. [PMID: 27397441 PMCID: PMC4971965 DOI: 10.4103/0971-9784.185517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dexmedetomidine is an alpha-2 agonist used for conscious sedation. It has also been shown to have a myocardial protective effect in off-pump coronary artery bypass patients. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of dexmedetomidine for myocardial protection in percutaneous coronary interventional patients. Methodology: A total of 60 patients (group dexmedetomidine, n = 30 and group normal saline, n = 30) were enrolled in the study. Dexmedetomidine infusion (1 mcg/kg) over 15 min was given as a loading dose after coronary angiography in group dexmedetomidine (D) while normal saline was given in the control group (C) and later maintenance infusion was started at 0.5 mcg/kg/h in both the groups. Coronary vessel diameter was noted before (T0) and after (T1) loading dose of dexmedetomidine/saline in each group. Troponin T (Trop T) values were noted at baseline (T0), 6 h (T2), 12 h (T3) and 24 h (T4) after starting the loading dose. Hemodynamic variables (heart rate [HR] and blood pressure) were monitored at T0, T1, and at regular intervals till 2 h postprocedure. Results: Coronary vessel diameter and HR significantly decreased in group D as compared to control group (P < 0.05) whereas the decrease in Trop T at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h were not statistically significant between the two groups. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine decreases the coronary vessel diameter, but maintains the myocardial oxygen demand-supply ratio by decreasing the HR. The decrease in Trop T is statistically insignificant at the doses used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Singh Kundra
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - P S Nagaraja
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Naveen G Singh
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manasa Dhananjaya
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - N Sathish
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - N Manjunatha
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Jin Z, Suen KC, Ma D. Perioperative "remote" acute lung injury: recent update. J Biomed Res 2017; 31:197-212. [PMID: 28808222 PMCID: PMC5460608 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.31.20160053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Perioperative acute lung injury (ALI) is a syndrome characterised by hypoxia and chest radiograph changes. It is a serious post-operative complication, associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. In addition to mechanical ventilation, remote organ insult could also trigger systemic responses which induce ALI. Currently, there are limited treatment options available beyond conservative respiratory support. However, increasing understanding of the pathophysiology of ALI and the biochemical pathways involved will aid the development of novel treatments and help to improve patient outcome as well as to reduce cost to the health service. In this review we will discuss the epidemiology of peri-operative ALI; the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved on the pathological process; the clinical considerations in preventing and managing perioperative ALI and the potential future treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaosheng Jin
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Ka Chun Suen
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK
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Yoon JY, Park JH, Kim EJ, Park BS, Yoon JU, Shin SW, Kim DW. Dexmedetomidine attenuates H 2O 2-induced cell death in human osteoblasts. J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2016; 16:295-302. [PMID: 28879318 PMCID: PMC5564195 DOI: 10.17245/jdapm.2016.16.4.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive oxygen species play critical roles in homeostasis and cell signaling. Dexmedetomidine, a specific agonist of the α2-adrenoceptor, has been commonly used for sedation, and it has been reported to have a protective effect against oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated whether dexmedetomidine has a protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and the mechanism of H2O2-induced cell death in normal human fetal osteoblast (hFOB) cells. Methods Cells were divided into three groups: control group—cells were incubated in normoxia without dexmedetomidine, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) group—cells were exposed to H2O2 (200 µM) for 2 h, and Dex/H2O2 group—cells were pretreated with dexmedetomidine (5 µM) for 2 h then exposed to H2O2 (200 µM) for 2 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Osteoblast maturation was determined by assaying bone nodular mineralization. Expression levels of bone-related proteins were determined by western blot. Results Cell viability was significantly decreased in the H2O2 group compared with the control group, and this effect was improved by dexmedetomidine. The Hoechst 33342 and Annexin-V FITC/PI staining revealed that dexmedetomidine effectively decreased H2O2-induced hFOB cell apoptosis. Dexmedetomidine enhanced the mineralization of hFOB cells when compared to the H2O2 group. In western blot analysis, bone-related protein was increased in the Dex/H2O2 group. Conclusions We demonstrated the potential therapeutic value of dexmedetomidine in H2O2-induced oxidative stress by inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing osteoblast activity. Additionally, the current investigation could be evidence to support the antioxidant potential of dexmedetomidine in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Yoon
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Uk Yoon
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Shin
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Wan Kim
- Department of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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Dexmedetomidine Protects against Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetic Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151620. [PMID: 26982373 PMCID: PMC4794239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a major perioperative complication, and diabetes increases the response of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by I/R. The objective of this study was to determine the protective effect of dexmedetomidine against transient global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induced oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic rats. METHODS Sixty-four rats were assigned into four experimental groups: normoglycemia, normoglycemia + dexmedetomidine, hyperglycemia, and hyperglycemia + dexmedetomidine and all subsequent neurological examinations were evaluated by a blinded observer. Damage to the brain was histologically assessed using the TUNEL staining method while western blotting was used to investigate changes in the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins as well as the microglia marker, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1). Water content in the brain was also analyzed. In addition, hippocampal concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nox2 (a member of the Nox family of NADPH oxidases), and the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase were analyzed. Finally, changes in serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 were detected. RESULTS Results showed that diabetes increased brain water content, the number of apoptotic neurons, early neurological deficit scores, oxidative stress (MDA and Nox2) and inflammation (pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6) levels following transient global I/R injury, but that these symptoms were attenuated following administration of dexmedetomidine. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dexmedetomidine can significantly alleviate damage resulting from I/R, and this mechanism may be related to a reduction in both oxidative stress and inflammation which is normally associated with I/R.
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