1
|
Qu H, Gao C, Liu K, Fu H, Liu Z, Kouwer PHJ, Han Z, Ruan C. Gradient matters via filament diameter-adjustable 3D printing. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2930. [PMID: 38575640 PMCID: PMC10994943 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47360-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Gradient matters with hierarchical structures endow the natural world with excellent integrity and diversity. Currently, direct ink writing 3D printing is attracting tremendous interest, and has been used to explore the fabrication of 1D and 2D hierarchical structures by adjusting the diameter, spacing, and angle between filaments. However, it is difficult to generate complex 3D gradient matters owing to the inherent limitations of existing methods in terms of available gradient dimension, gradient resolution, and shape fidelity. Here, we report a filament diameter-adjustable 3D printing strategy that enables conventional extrusion 3D printers to produce 1D, 2D, and 3D gradient matters with tunable heterogeneous structures by continuously varying the volume of deposited ink on the printing trajectory. In detail, we develop diameter-programmable filaments by customizing the printing velocity and height. To achieve high shape fidelity, we specially add supporting layers at needed locations. Finally, we showcase multi-disciplinary applications of our strategy in creating horizontal, radial, and axial gradient structures, letter-embedded structures, metastructures, tissue-mimicking scaffolds, flexible electronics, and time-driven devices. By showing the potential of this strategy, we anticipate that it could be easily extended to a variety of filament-based additive manufacturing technologies and facilitate the development of functionally graded structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Qu
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Chongjian Gao
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kaizheng Liu
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hongya Fu
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyuan Liu
- Research Center for Neural Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Paul H J Kouwer
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Zhenyu Han
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Research Center for Human Tissue and Organ Degeneration, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sarabia-Vallejos MA, De la Fuente SR, Tapia P, Cohn-Inostroza NA, Estrada M, Ortiz-Puerta D, Rodríguez-Hernández J, González-Henríquez CM. Development of Biocompatible Digital Light Processing Resins for Additive Manufacturing Using Visible Light-Induced RAFT Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:472. [PMID: 38399850 PMCID: PMC10893283 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with bone diseases often experience increased bone fragility. When bone injuries exceed the body's natural healing capacity, they become significant obstacles. The global rise in the aging population and the escalating obesity pandemic are anticipated to lead to a notable increase in acute bone injuries in the coming years. Our research developed a novel DLP resin for 3D printing, utilizing poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (PEGDA) and various monomers through the PET-RAFT polymerization method. To enhance the performance of bone scaffolds, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) were incorporated into the printed structure, promoting porosity and pore interconnectivity without reducing the mechanical resistance of the printed piece. The gyroid TPMS structure was the one that showed the highest mechanical resistance (0.94 ± 0.117 and 1.66 ± 0.240 MPa) for both variants of resin composition. Additionally, bioactive particles were introduced to enhance the material's biocompatibility, showcasing the potential for incorporating active compounds for specific applications. The inclusion of bioceramic particles produces an increase of 13% in bioactivity signal for osteogenic differentiation (alkaline phosphatase essay) compared to that of control resins. Our findings highlight the substantial improvement in printing precision and resolution achieved by including the photoabsorber, Rose Bengal, in the synthesized resin. This enhancement allows for creating intricately detailed and accurately defined 3D-printed parts. Furthermore, the TPMS gyroid structure significantly enhances the material's mechanical resistance, while including bioactive compounds significantly boosts the polymeric resin's biocompatibility and bioactivity (osteogenic differentiation).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A. Sarabia-Vallejos
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8420524, Chile; (M.A.S.-V.); (D.O.-P.)
| | - Scarleth Romero De la Fuente
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (S.R.D.l.F.); (P.T.)
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940000, Chile
| | - Pamela Tapia
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (S.R.D.l.F.); (P.T.)
| | - Nicolás A. Cohn-Inostroza
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile; (N.A.C.-I.); (M.E.)
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8389100, Chile; (N.A.C.-I.); (M.E.)
| | - David Ortiz-Puerta
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8420524, Chile; (M.A.S.-V.); (D.O.-P.)
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Hernández
- Polymer Functionalization Group, Departamento de Química Macromolecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICTP-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Carmen M. González-Henríquez
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800003, Chile; (S.R.D.l.F.); (P.T.)
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940000, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren Y, Zhang C, Liu Y, Kong W, Yang X, Niu H, Qiang L, Yang H, Yang F, Wang C, Wang J. Advances in 3D Printing of Highly Bioadaptive Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:255-270. [PMID: 38118130 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
The number of patients with bone defects caused by trauma, bone tumors, and osteoporosis has increased considerably. The repair of irregular, recurring, and large bone defects poses a great challenge to clinicians. Bone tissue engineering is emerging as an appropriate strategy to replace autologous bone grafting in the repair of critically sized bone defects. However, the suitability of bone tissue engineering scaffolds in terms of structure, mechanics, degradation, and the microenvironment is inadequate. Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an advanced additive-manufacturing technology widely used for bone repair. 3D printing constructs personalized structurally adapted scaffolds based on 3D models reconstructed from CT images. The contradiction between the mechanics and degradation is resolved by altering the stacking structure. The local microenvironment of the implant is improved by designing an internal pore structure and a spatiotemporal factor release system. Therefore, there has been a boom in the 3D printing of personalized bone repair scaffolds. In this review, successful research on the preparation of highly bioadaptive bone tissue engineering scaffolds using 3D printing is presented. The mechanisms of structural, mechanical, degradation, and microenvironmental adaptations of bone prostheses and their interactions were elucidated to provide a feasible strategy for constructing highly bioadaptive bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ren
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261041, China
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, No. 111 North first Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610036, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Changru Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Weiqing Kong
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, No. 111 North first Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610036, China
| | - Haoyi Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lei Qiang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
| | - Han Yang
- Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chengwei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jinwu Wang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Shandong 261041, China
- Southwest JiaoTong University College of Medicine, No. 111 North first Section of Second Ring Road, Chengdu 610036, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implant, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao G, Mo X, Liu S, Wang Q, Xie M, Lou W, Chen S, Pan T, Chen K, Yao D, Lin Y. Snowflake-inspired and blink-driven flexible piezoelectric contact lenses for effective corneal injury repair. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3604. [PMID: 37330515 PMCID: PMC10276863 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The cornea is a tissue susceptible to various injuries and traumas with a complicated cascade repair process, in which conserving its integrity and clarity is critical to restoring visual function. Enhancing the endogenous electric field is recognized as an effective method of accelerating corneal injury repair. However, current equipment limitations and implementation complexities hinder its widespread adoption. Here, we propose a snowflake-inspired, blink-driven flexible piezoelectric contact lens that can convert mechanical blink motions into a unidirectional pulsed electric field for direct application to moderate corneal injury repair. The device is validated on mouse and rabbit models with different relative corneal alkali burn ratios to modulate the microenvironment, alleviate stromal fibrosis, promote orderly epithelial arrangement and differentiation, and restore corneal clarity. Within an 8-day intervention, the corneal clarity of mice and rabbits improves by more than 50%, and the repair rate of mouse and rabbit corneas increases by over 52%. Mechanistically, the device intervention is advantageous in blocking growth factors' signaling pathways specifically involved in stromal fibrosis whilst preserving and harnessing the signaling pathways required for indispensable epithelial metabolism. This work put forward an efficient and orderly corneal therapeutic technology utilizing artificial endogenous-strengthened signals generated by spontaneous body activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yao
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518110, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Mo
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Maowen Xie
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenhao Lou
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medical School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Taisong Pan
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Ke Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Medical School, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dezhong Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Sciences Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
- Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhou G, Wang F, Lin G, Tang B, Li X, Ding X, Wang W, Zhang J, Shi Y. Novel coatings for the continuous repair of human bone defects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113127. [PMID: 36610365 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone defects are the second most common tissue grafts after blood. However, bone grafts face several problems, such as bone scaffolds, which have low bioactivity and are prone to corrosion. Much of the current research on bone scaffolds is focused on the mechanical aspects such as structure and strength. Surface modification of the bone scaffold is carried out in terms of the mechanical structure or structural design of the bone scaffold with reference to a bionic structure. However, with the development of mechanical designs, materials science, and medicine, many studies have reported that promoting bone growth by modifying the structure of the scaffold or coating is not possible. Therefore, the application of a bioactive coating to the surface of the bone scaffold is particularly important to generate a synergistic effect between the structure and active coating. In this article, we present several perspectives to improve the bioactivity of bone scaffolds, including corrosion resistance, loading of bioactive coatings or drugs on bone scaffolds, improved adhesion to the surface of the bone scaffolds, immune response modulation, and drawing on bionic structures during manufacturing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangzhen Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Guimei Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Bingtao Tang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Xuelin Li
- School of Arts and Design, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Xinbing Ding
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Wenguang Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Yanbin Shi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; Shandong Institute of Mechanical Design and Research, Jinan 250031, China; School of Arts and Design, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Z, Ruan C, Niu X. Collagen-based bioinks for regenerative medicine: Fabrication, application and prospective. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2023.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
|
7
|
The application of 3D bioprinting in urological diseases. Mater Today Bio 2022; 16:100388. [PMID: 35967737 PMCID: PMC9364106 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Urologic diseases are commonly diagnosed health problems affecting people around the world. More than 26 million people suffer from urologic diseases and the annual expenditure was more than 11 billion US dollars. The urologic cancers, like bladder cancer, prostate cancer and kidney cancer are always the leading causes of death worldwide, which account for approximately 22% and 10% of the new cancer cases and death, respectively. Organ transplantation is one of the major clinical treatments for urological diseases like end-stage renal disease and urethral stricture, albeit strongly limited by the availability of matching donor organs. Tissue engineering has been recognized as a highly promising strategy to solve the problems of organ donor shortage by the fabrication of artificial organs/tissue. This includes the prospective technology of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting, which has been adapted to various cell types and biomaterials to replicate the heterogeneity of urological organs for the investigation of organ transplantation and disease progression. This review discusses various types of 3D bioprinting methodologies and commonly used biomaterials for urological diseases. The literature shows that advances in this field toward the development of functional urological organs or disease models have progressively increased. Although numerous challenges still need to be tackled, like the technical difficulties of replicating the heterogeneity of urologic organs and the limited biomaterial choices to recapitulate the complicated extracellular matrix components, it has been proved by numerous studies that 3D bioprinting has the potential to fabricate functional urological organs for clinical transplantation and in vitro disease models. Outline the advantages and characteristics of 3D printing compared with traditional methods for urological diseases. Guide the selection of 3D bioprinting technology and material in urological tissue engineering. Discuss the challenges and future perspectives of 3D bioprinting in urological diseases and clinical translation.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Z, Du T, Gao C, Tang L, Chen K, Liu J, Yang J, Zhao X, Niu X, Ruan C. In-situ mineralized homogeneous collagen-based scaffolds for potential guided bone regeneration. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 36041425 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac8dc7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
For guided bone regeneration (GBR) in clinical orthopedics, the importance of a suitable scaffold which can provide the space needed for bone regeneration and simultaneously promotes the new bone formation cannot be overemphasized. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and similarity in structure and composition to natural bone, the mineralized collagen-based scaffolds have been increasingly considered as promising GBR scaffolds. Herein, we propose a novel method to fabricate an in-situ mineralized homogeneous collagen-based scaffold (IMHCS) with excellent osteogenic capability for GBR by electrospinning the collagen solution in combination with essential mineral ions. The IMHCS exhibited homogeneous distribution of apatite crystals in electrospun fibers, which helped to achieve a significantly higher tensile strength than the pure collagen scaffold (CS) and the scaffold with directly added nano-hydroxyapatite particles (HAS). Furthermore, the IMHCS had significantly better cell compatibility, cell migration ratio, and osteogenic differentiation property than the HAS and CS. Therefore, the IMHCS not only retains traditional function of inhibiting fibroblast invasion, but also possesses excellent osteogenic differentiation property, indicating a robust alternative for GBR applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, CHINA
| | - Tianming Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100022, CHINA
| | - Chongjian Gao
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, CHINA
| | - Lan Tang
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, CHINA
| | - Kinon Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, PR China., Beijing, 100083, CHINA
| | - Juan Liu
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, CHINA
| | - Jirong Yang
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, CHINA
| | - Xufeng Niu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, PR China., Beijing, 100083, CHINA
| | - Changshun Ruan
- Center for Human Tissue and Organs Degeneration, Institute Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|