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Jauvain M, Lepied G, Bénéjat L, Roudier N, Dussert C, Lehours P, Varon C, Bessède E. Effect of Lactobacillus gasseri BIO6369 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus BIO5326 on Gastric Carcinogenesis Induced by Helicobacter pylori Infection. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13108. [PMID: 39021274 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection-associated gastric adenocarcinoma is influenced by various factors, including the digestive microbiota. Lactic acid bacteria role in digestive carcinogenesis has been discussed, and some Lactobacillaceae family species have been shown to act against H. pylori-induced inflammation and colonization. However, their effects on H. pylori-related carcinogenesis have not yet been studied. Lactobacillaceae family effects on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), emergence of cells with cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and the pro-inflammatory response of gastric epithelial cells to H. pylori infection were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS A co-culture model of AGS gastric epithelial cells infected with a carcinogenic strain of H. pylori associated with 18 different probiotic strains candidates were used. Different EMT indicators and CSC properties were studied, including quantification of the mesenchymal phenotype, tumorsphere formation, EMT marker expression, and tight junction evaluation with immunofluorescence microscopy. The effect of the strains on the pro-inflammatory response to H. pylori was also evaluated by quantifying interleukin-8 (IL-8) production using ELISA. RESULTS Among the strains tested, Lactobacillus gasseri BIO6369 and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus BIO5326 induced a 30.6% and 38.4% reduction in the mesenchymal phenotype, respectively, caused a significant decrease in Snail and Zeb1 EMT marker expression and prevented the loss of tight junctions induced by H. pylori infection. A separate co-culture with a Boyden chamber maintained the effects induced by the two strains. H. pylori-induced IL-8 production was also significantly reduced in the presence of L. gasseri BIO6369 and L. rhamnosus BIO5326. CONCLUSION Lactobacillus gasseri BIO6369 and L. rhamnosus BIO5326 strains decreased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation induced by H. pylori infection, suggesting that these species may have a protective effect against H. pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Jauvain
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- National Reference Centre for Campylobacters & Helicobacters, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gorann Lepied
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lucie Bénéjat
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- National Reference Centre for Campylobacters & Helicobacters, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Christelle Dussert
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Lehours
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- National Reference Centre for Campylobacters & Helicobacters, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christine Varon
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emilie Bessède
- Bordeaux Institute of Oncology, BRIC U1312, INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- National Reference Centre for Campylobacters & Helicobacters, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Zeng R, Gou H, Lau HCH, Yu J. Stomach microbiota in gastric cancer development and clinical implications. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-332815. [PMID: 38886045 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a prominent cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A distinctive characteristic of GC is its intimate association with commensal microbial community. Although Helicobacter pylori is widely recognised as an inciting factor of the onset of gastric carcinogenesis, increasing evidence has indicated the substantial involvement of microbes that reside in the gastric mucosa during disease progression. In particular, dysregulation in gastric microbiota could play pivotal roles throughout the whole carcinogenic processes, from the development of precancerous lesions to gastric malignancy. Here, current understanding of the gastric microbiota in GC development is summarised. Potential translational and clinical implications of using gastric microbes for GC diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics are also evaluated, with further discussion on conceptual haziness and limitations at present. Finally, we highlight that modulating microbes is a novel and promising frontier for the prevention and management of GC, which necessitates future in-depth investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Zeng
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongyan Gou
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harry Cheuk Hay Lau
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Masheghati F, Asgharzadeh MR, Jafari A, Masoudi N, Maleki-Kakelar H. The role of gut microbiota and probiotics in preventing, treating, and boosting the immune system in colorectal cancer. Life Sci 2024; 344:122529. [PMID: 38490297 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a significant role in developing colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiome usually acts as a protective barrier against harmful pathogens and infections in the intestine, while also regulating inflammation by affecting the human immune system. The gut microbiota and probiotics play a role not only in intestinal inflammation associated with tumor formation but also in regulating anti-cancer immune response. As a result, they associated with tumor progression and the effectiveness of anti-cancer therapies. Research indicates that gut microbiota and probiotics can be used as biomarkers to predict the impact of immunotherapy and enhance its efficacy in treating CRC by regulating it. This review examines the importance of gut microbiota and probiotics in the development and progression of CRC, as well as their synergistic impact on anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Masheghati
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Naser Masoudi
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hadi Maleki-Kakelar
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Abedi A, Tafvizi F, Jafari P, Akbari N. The inhibition effects of Lentilactobacillus buchneri-derived membrane vesicles on AGS and HT-29 cancer cells by inducing cell apoptosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3100. [PMID: 38326490 PMCID: PMC10850327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, probiotics and their derivatives have been recognized as important therapeutic agents in the fight against cancer. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of membrane vesicles (MVs) from Lentilactobacillus buchneri strain HBUM07105 probiotic isolated from conventional and unprocessed yogurt in Arak province, Iran, against gastric and colon cancer cell lines. The MVs were prepared from the cell-free supernatant (CFS) of L. buchneri and characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SPS-PAGE techniques. The anticancer activity of MVs was evaluated using MTT, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR techniques, and a scratch assay. The study investigated the anti-adenocarcinoma effect of MVs isolated from L. buchneri on a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) and a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29) at 24, 48, and 72-h time intervals. The results demonstrated that all prepared concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL) of MVs reduced the viability of both types of human adenocarcinoma cells after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment. The analysis of the apoptosis results revealed that the percentage of AGS and HT-29 cancer cells in the early and late stages of apoptosis was significantly higher after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment compared to the untreated cancer cells. After treating both AGS and HT-29 cells with the MVs, the cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase. These microvesicles demonstrate apoptotic activity by increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes (BAX, CASP3, and CASP9). According to the scratch test, MVs can significantly decrease the migration of HT-29 and AGS cancer cells after 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation compared to the control groups. The MVs of L. buchneri can also be considered a potential option for inhibiting cancer cell activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Abedi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Tafvizi
- Department of Biology, Parand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Parand, Iran.
| | - Parvaneh Jafari
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran.
| | - Neda Akbari
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
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Contino KF, Cook KL, Shiozawa Y. Bones and guts - Why the microbiome matters. J Bone Oncol 2024; 44:100523. [PMID: 38274305 PMCID: PMC10808965 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2024.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of the gut microbiota in human health has become increasingly apparent in recent years, especially when the relationship between microbiota and host is no longer symbiotic. It has long been appreciated that gut dysbiosis can be detrimental to human health and is associated with numerous disease states. Only within the last decade, however, was the gut microbiota implicated in bone biology. Dubbed osteomicrobiology, this emerging field aims to understand the relationship between the gut microbiome and the bone microenvironment in both health and disease. Importantly, the key to one of the major clinical challenges facing both bone and cancer biologists: bone metastasis, may lie in the field of osteomicrobiology; however the link between gut bacteria and bone metastasis is only beginning to be explored. This review will discuss (i) osteomicrobiology as an emerging field, and (ii) the current understanding of osteomicrobiology in the context of cancer in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly F. Contino
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Katherine L. Cook
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yusuke Shiozawa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, and Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Marzhoseyni Z, Shaghaghi Z, Alvandi M, Shirvani M. Investigating the Influence of Gut Microbiota-related Metabolites in Gastrointestinal Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:612-628. [PMID: 38213140 DOI: 10.2174/0115680096274860231111210214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is a major health concern due to its prevalence, impact on well-being, high mortality rate, economic burden, and potential for prevention and early detection. GI cancer research has made remarkable strides in understanding biology, risk factors, and treatment options. An emerging area of research is the gut microbiome's role in GI cancer development and treatment response. The gut microbiome, vital for digestion, metabolism, and immune function, is increasingly linked to GI cancers. Dysbiosis and alterations in gut microbe composition may contribute to cancer development. Scientists study how specific bacteria or microbial metabolites influence cancer progression and treatment response. Modulating the gut microbiota shows promise in enhancing treatment efficacy and preventing GI cancers. Gut microbiota dysbiosis can impact GI cancer through inflammation, metabolite production, genotoxicity, and immune modulation. Microbes produce metabolites like short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and secondary metabolites. These affect host cells, influencing processes like cell proliferation, apoptosis, DNA damage, and immune regulation, all implicated in cancer development. This review explores the latest research on gut microbiota metabolites and their molecular mechanisms in GI cancers. The hope is that this attempt will help in conducting other relevant research to unravel the precise mechanism involved, identify microbial signatures associated with GI cancer, and develop targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynab Marzhoseyni
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Shaghaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Alvandi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maria Shirvani
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Asoudeh-Fard A, Salehi M, Ilghari D, Parsaei A, Heydarian P, Piri H. Isolated Lactobacillus fermentum Ab.RS22 from traditional dairy products inhibits HeLa cervical cancer cell proliferation and modulates apoptosis by the PTEN-Akt pathway. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:447-452. [PMID: 38419886 PMCID: PMC10897561 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.72825.15846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Objectives It is worthwhile to note that, some probiotics such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria isolated from dairy products have significant therapeutic effects against cancer cells. Here, we evaluated anti-proliferation and the apoptotic effects of isolated Lactobacillus fermentum Ab.RS22 from traditional dairy products on the HeLa cervical cancer cells in vitro. Materials and Methods The viability of treated HeLa cells with supernatant of Lactobacillus in 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, and 2 ng/ml concentrations, and IC50 values were detected by tetrazolium bromide. The L. fermentum Ab.RS22-induced cell death by flow cytometry was confirmed through evaluation of the expression of caspase-3, P53, PTEN, and AKT genes by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions (qRT-PCR). Results Most cytotoxicity effects of Lactobacillus on HeLa cells were detected in 2 ng/ml at 24 hr (P<0.01); also, the IC50 value was measured as 1.5 ng/ml. The findings of the flow cytometry assay showed that L. fermentum Ab.RS22 in 1.5 ng/ml concentration at 24 hr increased the percentage of both apoptosis and necrosis cells. Lactobacillus-induced cell death was verified through results of Real-time PCR; where expression of caspase-3, P53, and PTEN genes was increased (P<0.01), and also expression of AKT gene (anti-apoptotic) was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings showed that L. fermentum Ab.RS22 could dose-dependently inhibit the proliferation of the HeLa cells. Its apoptotic effect was confirmed via modulating PTEN/p53/Akt gene expression and activation of the caspase-3 mediated apoptosis pathway. Therefore, L. fermentum Ab.RS22 can be considered a valuable anticancer candidate against cervical cancer progression in subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Asoudeh-Fard
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translation Science (LVTS), Cardiovascular Bioengineering, University Sorbonne Paris North, Paris, France
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mitra Salehi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Booalisina Hospital, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Dariush Ilghari
- Clinical Pharmacist, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center – Lakeway 100 Medical Pkwy, Lakeway, TX 78738
| | - Asghar Parsaei
- Rayan Novin Pajoohan Pras, Biotechnology Company, Biotechnology Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Peyman Heydarian
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Hossein Piri
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Askari N, Salek Esfahani B, Parvizpour S, Shafieipour S, Hadizadeh M. Long non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets in gastric cancer. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2023; 16:297-306. [PMID: 37767321 PMCID: PMC10520387 DOI: 10.22037/ghfbb.v16i2.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study aimed to find lncRNAs and mRNAs that were expressed differently by combining microarray datasets from different studies. This was done to find important target genes in gastric cancer for anti-cancer therapy. Background Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most frequent and second-most deadly malignancy worldwide. Thus, genetic diagnosis and treatment should focus on genetic and epigenetic variables. Based on several studies, disordered expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as lncRNAs, regulate gastric cancer invasion and metastasis. Besides, lncRNAs cooperatively regulate gene expression and GC progression. Methods We obtained differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) from three GC tissue microarray datasets by meta-analysis and screened genes using the "Limma" package. Then, using the RNAInter database, we allocated DEmRNAs to each DElncRNA. ClusterProfiler and GOplot programs were used to analyze function enrichment pathways and gene ontologies for final DEmRNAs. Results A total of 9 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) (5 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated), and 856 DEmRNAs (451 up-regulated and 405 down-regulated) between tumor and adjacent normal samples were found. Finally, 117 differentially expressed mRNAs were predicted as interactors of six DElncRNAs (H19, WT1-AS, EMX2OS, HOTAIR, ZEB1-AS1, and LINC00261). Conclusion In order to promote cancer therapeutics and give knowledge on the process of carcinogenesis, our study projected a network of drug-gene interactions for discovered genes and presented relevant prospective biomarkers for the prognosis of patients with stomach cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Askari
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Sciences and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, End of Haft Bagh-e-Alavi Highway, Kerman, Iran
| | - Behnaz Salek Esfahani
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Parvizpour
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Shafieipour
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Morteza Hadizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Wang L, Li S, Fan H, Han M, Xie J, Du J, Peng F. Bifidobacterium lactis combined with Lactobacillus plantarum inhibit glioma growth in mice through modulating PI3K/AKT pathway and gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:986837. [PMID: 36147842 PMCID: PMC9486703 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.986837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a common primary aggressive tumor with limited clinical treatment. Recently, growing research suggests that gut microbiota is involved in tumor progression, and several probiotics can inhibit tumor growth. However, evidence for the effect of probiotics on glioma is lacking. Here, we found that Bifidobacterium (B.) lactis combined with Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum reduced tumor volume, prolonged survival time and repaired the intestinal barrier damage in an orthotopic mouse model of glioma. Experiments demonstrated that B. lactis combined with L. plantarum suppressed the PI3K/AKT pathway and down-regulated the expression of Ki-67 and N-cadherin. The glioma-inhibitory effect of probiotic combination is also related to the modulation of gut microbiota composition, which is characterized by an increase in relative abundance of Lactobacillus and a decrease in some potential pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, probiotic combination altered fecal metabolites represented by fatty acyls and organic oxygen compounds. Together, our results prove that B. lactis combined with L. plantarum can inhibit glioma growth by suppressing PI3K/AKT pathway and regulating gut microbiota composition and metabolites in mice, thus suggesting the potential benefits of B. lactis and L. plantarum against glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huali Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junrong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Junrong Du,
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Fu Peng,
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Anti-Tumor Effect of Heat-Killed Bifidobacterium bifidum on Human Gastric Cancer through Akt-p53-Dependent Mitochondrial Apoptosis in Xenograft Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179788. [PMID: 36077182 PMCID: PMC9456556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraprobiotics, inactivated microbial cells, regulate immune system and exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in patients with weakened immunity or the elderly. This study evaluated the anti-tumor effects of heat-killed Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus on human gastric cancer MKN1 cells in vitro and in vivo in xenograft animal models. First, cytotoxicity and apoptosis in MKN1 cells of 11 different heat-killed Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus strains were examined using the MTT assay or flow cytometry, respectively. Then, BALB/c nude mice xenograft animal models were implanted with human gastric cancer MKN1 cells and orally administered a selected single or a mixture of heat-killed bacterial strains to investigate their inhibitory effect on tumor growth. In addition, the expression of p-Akt, p53, Bax, Bak, cleaved caspase-9, -3, and PARP in the tumor tissues was analyzed using Western blotting assay or immunohistochemistry staining. The results show that heat-killed B. bifidum MG731 (MG731), L. reuteri MG5346 (MG5346), and L. rhamnosus MG5200 (MG5200) induced relatively greater apoptosis than other strains in MKN1 cells. Oral administration of a single dose or a mixture of MG731, MG5346, or MG5200 significantly delayed tumor growth, and MG731 had the most effective anti-tumor effect in the xenograft model. Protein expression of p-Akt, p53, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and -9, and PARP in tumors derived from the xenograft model correlated with the results of the immunohistochemistry staining.
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He C, Peng C, Xu X, Li N, Ouyang Y, Zhu Y, Lu N. Probiotics mitigate Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric inflammation and premalignant lesions in INS-GAS mice with the modulation of gastrointestinal microbiota. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12898. [PMID: 35531615 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysbiosis of gastric microbiota including Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with the development of stomach cancer. Probiotics have been shown to attenuate H. pylori-induced gastritis, although their role in cancer prevention remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to explore the effects of probiotics on H. pylori-induced carcinogenesis and the alterations of gastrointestinal microbiota. METHODS Male INS-GAS mice were randomly allocated to H. pylori-infected and non-infected groups. After 4 weeks, probiotic combination (containing Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) was administered in drinking water for 12 weeks. Stomachs were collected for RNA-Sequencing and the differentially expressed genes were validated using RT profiler PCR array. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to assess the alterations of gastrointestinal microbiota. RESULTS Probiotics significantly alleviate H. pylori-induced gastric pathology, including reduced infiltration of inflammation and lower incidence of precancerous lesions. RNA-Sequencing results showed that probiotics treatment decreased expressions of genes involved in pro-inflammatory pathways, such as NF-κB, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathway. Of note, probiotics did not suppress the growth of H. pylori, but dramatically reshaped the structure of both gastric and gut microbiota. The microbial diversity was increased in H. pylori-infected group after probiotics treatment. While gastric cancer-associated genera Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus were enriched in the stomach of H. pylori-infected group, the beneficial short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria, including Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, and Oscellibacter, were more abundant in mice treated with probiotics. Additionally, probiotics restored the H. pylori-induced reduction of anti-inflammatory bacterium Faecalibaculum in the gut. CONCLUSIONS Probiotics therapy can protect against H. pylori-associated carcinogenesis probably through remodeling gastrointestinal microbiota, which in turn prevent host cells from malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinbo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaobin Ouyang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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12
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The crosstalk of the human microbiome in breast and colon cancer: A metabolomics analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 176:103757. [PMID: 35809795 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiome's role in colon and breast cancer is described in this review. Understanding how the human microbiome and metabolomics interact with breast and colon cancer is the chief area of this study. First, the role of the gut and distal microbiome in breast and colon cancer is investigated, and the direct relationship between microbial dysbiosis and breast and colon cancer is highlighted. This work also focuses on the many metabolomic techniques used to locate prospective biomarkers, make an accurate diagnosis, and research new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This review clarifies the influence of anti-tumor medications on the microbiota and the proactive measures that can be taken to treat cancer using a variety of therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, next-generation biotherapeutics, gene-based therapy, integrated omics technology, and machine learning.
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13
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Alizadeh S, Esmaeili A, Barar J, Omidi Y. Optogenetics: A new tool for cancer investigation and treatment. BIOIMPACTS 2022; 12:295-299. [PMID: 35975208 PMCID: PMC9376163 DOI: 10.34172/bi.2021.22179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
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Despite the progress made in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, it has remained the second cause of death in industrial countries. Cancer is a complex multifaceted disease with unique genomic and proteomic hallmarks. Optogenetics is a biological approach, in which the light-sensitive protein modules in combination with effector proteins that trigger reversibly fundamental cell functions without producing a long-term effect. The technology was first used to address some key issues in neurology. Later on, it was also used for other diseases such as cancer. In the case of cancer, there exist several signaling pathways with key proteins that are involved in the initiation and/or progression of cancer. Such aberrantly expressed proteins and the related signaling pathways need to be carefully investigated in terms of cancer diagnosis and treatment, which can be managed with optogenetic tools. Notably, optogenetics systems offer some advantages compared to the traditional methods, including spatial-temporal control of protein or gene expression, cost-effective and fewer off-target side effects, and reversibility potential. Such noticeable features make this technology a unique drug-free approach for diagnosis and treatment of cancer. It can be used to control tumor cells, which is a favorable technique to investigate the heterogeneous and complex features of cancerous cells. Remarkably, optogenetics approaches can provide us with outstanding tool to extend our understanding of how cells perceive, respond, and behave in meeting with complex signals, particularly in terms of cancer evasion from the anticancer immune system functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siamak Alizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Esmaeili
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33328, USA
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14
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The Anti-Cancer Potential of Heat-Killed Lactobacillus brevis KU15176 upon AGS Cell Lines through Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084073. [PMID: 35456891 PMCID: PMC9024609 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has focused on the anti-cancer properties of Lactobacillus strains isolated from fermented foods. Their anti-cancer effects are caused by the apoptosis induction in cancer cells. However, sepsis, which can occur when cancer patients consume living organisms, can cause serious conditions in patients with reduced immunity because of cancer. Therefore, this study was conducted using heat-killed Lactobacillus brevis KU15176 (KU15176). To determine the relationship between inflammation and cancer, the anti-inflammatory effect of KU15176 was evaluated using a nitric oxide (NO) assay. Then, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was conducted to select cancer cells that showed the anti-proliferative effect of KU15176. Next, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, flow cytometry, and caspase colorimetric assay were performed. As a result, it was confirmed that KU15176 could cause the increasing expression of apoptosis-related genes (Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9), DNA breakage, effective apoptosis rate, and increased caspase activity in the human stomach adenocarcinoma (AGS) gastric cancer cell line. In conclusion, these results suggest a potential prophylactic effect of KU15176 against cancer.
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15
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Mohseni AH, Casolaro V, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Keyvani H, Taghinezhad-S S. Modulation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway by probiotics as a fruitful target for orchestrating the immune response. Gut Microbes 2022; 13:1-17. [PMID: 33615993 PMCID: PMC7899637 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1886844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B or Akt (PKB/Akt) signaling pathways are considered as two but somewhat interconnected significant immune pathways which play complex roles in a variety of physiological processes as well as pathological conditions. Aberrant activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways has been reported to be associated in a wide variety of human diseases. Over the past few years, growing evidence in in vitro and in vivo models suggest that this sophisticated and subtle cascade mediates the orchestration of the immune response in health and disease through exposure to probiotics. An expanding body of literature has highlighted the contribution of probiotics and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in gastrointestinal disorders, metabolic syndrome, skin diseases, allergy, salmonella infection, and aging. However, longitudinal human studies are possibly required to verify more conclusively whether the investigational tools used to understand the regulation of these pathways might provide effective approaches in the prevention and treatment of various disorders. In this Review, we summarize the experimental evidence from recent peer-reviewed studies and provide a brief overview of the causal relationship between the effects of probiotics and their metabolites on the components of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Mohseni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Salerno, Italy
| | | | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Hossein Keyvani Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran, Tel +98 21 88715350
| | - Sedigheh Taghinezhad-S
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,CONTACT Sedigheh Taghinezhad-S Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran
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16
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Davoodvandi A, Fallahi F, Tamtaji OR, Tajiknia V, Banikazemi Z, Fathizadeh H, Abbasi-Kolli M, Aschner M, Ghandali M, Sahebkar A, Taghizadeh M, Mirzaei H. An Update on the Effects of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680400. [PMID: 34992527 PMCID: PMC8724544 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their increasing prevalence, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are regarded as an important global health challenge. Microorganisms residing in the human GI tract, termed gut microbiota, encompass a large number of living organisms. The role of the gut in the regulation of the gut-mediated immune responses, metabolism, absorption of micro- and macro-nutrients and essential vitamins, and short-chain fatty acid production, and resistance to pathogens has been extensively investigated. In the past few decades, it has been shown that microbiota imbalance is associated with the susceptibility to various chronic disorders, such as obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psychiatric disorders, and various types of cancer. Emerging evidence has shown that oral administration of various strains of probiotics can protect against cancer development. Furthermore, clinical investigations suggest that probiotic administration in cancer patients decreases the incidence of postoperative inflammation. The present review addresses the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of action of probiotics against GI cancers. The safety of the most commercial probiotic strains has been confirmed, and therefore these strains can be used as adjuvant or neo-adjuvant treatments for cancer prevention and improving the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical studies are still needed for a better understanding of the properties and mechanisms of action of probiotic strains in mitigating GI cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fallahi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Tajiknia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hadis Fathizadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maryam Ghandali
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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17
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Li ZP, Liu JX, Lu LL, Wang LL, Xu L, Guo ZH, Dong QJ. Overgrowth of Lactobacillus in gastric cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1099-1108. [PMID: 34616515 PMCID: PMC8465450 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i9.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gastric microbiome is involved in the development of gastric cancer (GC). A number of studies have demonstrated an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in GC. In this review, we present data that support the overgrowth of Lactobacillus in GC from studies on molecular and bacterial culture of the gastric microbiome, discuss the heterogenic effects of Lactobacillus on the health of human stomach, and explore the potential roles of the overgrowth of Lactobacillus in gastric carcinogenesis. Further studies are required to examine the association between Lactobacillus and GC at strain and species levels, which would facilitate to elucidate its role in the carcinogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ju-Xin Liu
- Clinical Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin-Lin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zong-Hao Guo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Quan-Jiang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Central Laboratories, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
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