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Fattahi MR, Dehghani M, Paknahad S, Rahiminia S, Zareie D, Hoseini B, Oroomi TR, Motedayyen H, Arefnezhad R. Clinical insights into nanomedicine and biosafety: advanced therapeutic approaches for common urological cancers. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1438297. [PMID: 39193389 PMCID: PMC11347329 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1438297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Urological cancers including those of the prostate, bladder, and kidney, are prevalent and often lethal malignancies besides other less common ones like testicular and penile cancers. Current treatments have major limitations like side effects, recurrence, resistance, high costs, and poor quality of life. Nanotechnology offers promising solutions through enhanced diagnostic accuracy, targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and multimodal imaging. This review reflects clinical challenges and nanomedical advances across major urological cancers. In prostate cancer, nanoparticles improve delineation and radiosensitization in radiation therapy, enable fluorescent guidance in surgery, and enhance chemotherapy penetration in metastatic disease. Nanoparticles also overcome bladder permeability barriers to increase the residence time of intravesical therapy and chemotherapy agents. In renal cancer, nanocarriers potentiate tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy while gene vectors and zinc oxide nanoparticles demonstrate antiproliferative effects. Across modalities, urological applications of nanomedicine include polymeric, liposomal, and metal nanoparticles for targeted therapy, prodrug delivery, photodynamic therapy, and thermal ablation. Biosafety assessments reveal favorable profiles but clinical translation remains limited, necessitating further trials. In conclusion, nanotechnology holds significant potential for earlier detection, precise intervention, and tailored treatment of urological malignancies, warranting expanded research to transform patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Shafa Rahiminia
- School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Deniz Zareie
- School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Behzad Hoseini
- School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Arefnezhad
- Coenzyme R Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Rather GA, Selvakumar P, Srinivas KS, Natarajan K, Kaushik A, Rajan P, Lee SR, Sing WL, Alkhamees M, Lian S, Holley M, Do Jung Y, Lakshmanan VK. Facile synthesis of elastin nanogels encapsulated decursin for castrated resistance prostate cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15095. [PMID: 38956125 PMCID: PMC11219748 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65999-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanogels offer hope for precise drug delivery, while addressing drug delivery hurdles is vital for effective prostate cancer (PCa) management. We developed an injectable elastin nanogels (ENG) for efficient drug delivery system to overcome castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) by delivering Decursin, a small molecule inhibitor that blocks Wnt/βcatenin pathways for PCa. The ENG exhibited favourable characteristics such as biocompatibility, flexibility, and low toxicity. In this study, size, shape, surface charge, chemical composition, thermal stability, and other properties of ENG were used to confirm the successful synthesis and incorporation of Decursin (DEC) into elastin nanogels (ENG) for prostate cancer therapy. In vitro studies demonstrated sustained release of DEC from the ENG over 120 h, with a pH-dependent release pattern. DU145 cell line induces moderate cytotoxicity of DEC-ENG indicates that nanomedicine has an impact on cell viability and helps strike a balance between therapeutics efficacy and safety while the EPR effect enables targeted drug delivery to prostate tumor sites compared to free DEC. Morphological analysis further supported the effectiveness of DEC-ENG in inducing cell death. Overall, these findings highlight the promising role of ENG-encapsulated decursin as a targeted drug delivery system for CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzar Ahmed Rather
- Prostate Cancer Biomarker Laboratory, Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - Preethi Selvakumar
- Prostate Cancer Biomarker Laboratory, Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India
| | - K Satish Srinivas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India
| | - K Natarajan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600 116, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, USA
| | - Prabhakar Rajan
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research, Barts Cancer Institute, UK City of London Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Seoyang Ro 264, Hwasun, 58128, Korea
| | - Wong Ling Sing
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Alkhamees
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, 11952, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sen Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Merrel Holley
- International Hyperbaric Medical Foundation, The Tissue & Organ Regeneration Institute, Greater New Orleans, USA
| | - Young Do Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Seoyang Ro 264, Hwasun, 58128, Korea.
| | - Vinoth-Kumar Lakshmanan
- Prostate Cancer Biomarker Laboratory, Faculty of Clinical Research, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Porur, Chennai, 600116, India.
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Alizadehasl A, Alavi MS, Boudagh S, Alavi MS, Mohebi S, Aliabadi L, Akbarian M, Ahmadi P, Mannarino MR, Sahebkar A. Lipid-lowering drugs and cancer: an updated perspective. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:1-24. [PMID: 38015371 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Statins and non-statin medications used for the management of dyslipidemia have been shown to possess antitumor properties. Since the use of these drugs has steadily increased over the past decades, more knowledge is required about their relationship with cancer. Lipid-lowering agents are heterogeneous compounds; therefore, it remains to be revealed whether anticancer potential is a class effect or related to them all. Here, we reviewed the literature on the influence of lipid-lowering medications on various types of cancer during development or metastasis. We also elaborated on the underlying mechanisms associated with the anticancer effects of antihyperlipidemic agents by linking the reported in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Alizadehasl
- Cardio-Oncology Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Alavi
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Boudagh
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Somaye Mohebi
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Aliabadi
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Akbarian
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Ahmadi
- Echocardiography Research CenterRajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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