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Kyuregyan KK, Polyakov AD, Potemkin IA, Karlsen AA, Isaeva OV, Lopatukhina MA, Mullin EV, Slukinova OS, Malinnikova EY, Shibrik EV, Oglezneva EE, Mikhailov MI. [Belgorod region - the territory endemic for hepatitis E.]. Vopr Virusol 2019; 64:274-280. [PMID: 32168441 DOI: 10.36233/0507-4088-2019-64-6-274-280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Belgorod region is the territory with the highest incidence of hepatitis E in the Russian Federation. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to comprehensively characterize the circulation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the Belgorod region, including the study of population immunity to the virus, determining the prevalence of infection among the pig population and analysis of the genetic diversity of HEV from patients and animals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum samples of a conditionally healthy population (n = 2027) of all age groups were tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM by ELISA with commercial assays. HEV RNA was determined in fecal samples from pigs aged 2-4 months (n = 526), in sewage samples from pig farms (n = 10), as well as in stool samples from patients with hepatitis E (n = 6) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Phylogenetic analysis was performed for an amplified 300 nt fragment corresponding to HEV open reading frame 2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The prevalence of anti-HEV IgG in general population averaged 16.4% (95% CI: 14.8-18.1; 332/2027). The proportion of individuals who had both anti-HEV IgM and IgG averaged 2.8% (95% CI: 2.2-3.6; 57/2027). The incidence rate of anti-HEV IgG increased with age, from 2.8% (95% CI: 1.3-5.8) in children aged 1-14 years to 40.1% (95% CI: 34.9-45.6) in people 70 years or older. The detection rate of HEV RNA in pigs was 20% (95% CI: 16.8-23.6; 105/526). HEV RNA was detected in 2 out of 10 sewage samples. The HEV sequences isolated from patients with hepatitis E, pigs, and sewage samples in Belgorod region belonged to the HEV genotype 3, had a 95-100% homology, and formed common clusters on a phylogenetic tree. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of HEV in pigs population has led to the formation of an endemic territory in the Belgorod region, which is the center of pig breeding. Measures aimed at reducing the circulation of HEV among pig population and decontamination of sewage from pig farms are necessary to control HEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Kyuregyan
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
| | - A D Polyakov
- Skolkovo Territorial Division of the Office of Rospotrebnadzor for the City of Moscow Russia, Moscow, 143026, Russia.,Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, 308015, Russia
| | - I A Potemkin
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
| | - A A Karlsen
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
| | - O V Isaeva
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
| | - M A Lopatukhina
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia
| | - E V Mullin
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia
| | - O S Slukinova
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia
| | - E Y Malinnikova
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
| | - E V Shibrik
- Department of Health and Social Protection of the Population of Belgorod Region, Belgorod, 308005, Russia
| | - E E Oglezneva
- Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, 308015, Russia.,Belgorod Regional Department of Rospotrebnadzor, Belgorod, 308023, Russia
| | - M I Mikhailov
- Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera, Moscow, 105064, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, 125993, Russia
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