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Kleuskens MWA, Crispim JF, van Doeselaar M, van Donkelaar CC, Janssen RPA, Ito K. Neo-cartilage formation using human nondegenerate versus osteoarthritic chondrocyte-derived cartilage organoids in a viscoelastic hydrogel. J Orthop Res 2023. [PMID: 36866819 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Current regenerative cartilage therapies are associated with several drawbacks such as dedifferentiation of chondrocytes during expansion and the formation of fibrocartilage. Optimized chondrocyte expansion and tissue formation could lead to better clinical results of these therapies. In this study, a novel chondrocyte suspension expansion protocol that includes the addition of porcine notochordal cell-derived matrix was used to self-assemble human chondrocytes from osteoarthritic (OA) and nondegenerate (ND) origin into cartilage organoids containing collagen type II and proteoglycans. Proliferation rate and viability were similar for OA and ND chondrocytes and organoids formed had a similar histologic appearance and gene expression profile. Organoids were then encapsulated in viscoelastic alginate hydrogels to form larger tissues. Chondrocytes on the outer bounds of the organoids produced a proteoglycan-rich matrix to bridge the space between organoids. In hydrogels containing ND organoids some collagen type I was observed between the organoids. Surrounding the bulk of organoids in the center of the gels, in both OA and ND gels a continuous tissue containing cells, proteoglycans and collagen type II had been produced. No difference was observed in sulphated glycosaminoglycan and hydroxyproline content between gels containing organoids from OA or ND origin after 28 days. It was concluded that OA chondrocytes, which can be harvested from leftover surgery tissue, perform similar to ND chondrocytes in terms of human cartilage organoid formation and matrix production in alginate gels. This opens possibilities for their potential to serve as a platform for cartilage regeneration but also as an in vitro model to study pathways, pathology, or drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike W A Kleuskens
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - João F Crispim
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marina van Doeselaar
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Corrinus C van Donkelaar
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rob P A Janssen
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Trauma, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven-Veldhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Paramedical Sciences, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Keita Ito
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Borlongan CV, Yu G, Matsukawa N, Yasuhara T, Hara K, Xu L. Article Commentary: Cell Transplantation: Stem Cells in the Spotlight. Cell Transplant 2017; 14:519-526. [DOI: 10.3727/000000005783982774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cesar V. Borlongan
- Neurology/Insttitute of Molecular Medicind & Genetics/School of Graduate Studies, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Research/Affiliations Service Line, Augusta VAMC, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Guolong Yu
- Neurology/Insttitute of Molecular Medicind & Genetics/School of Graduate Studies, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Research/Affiliations Service Line, Augusta VAMC, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Noriyuki Matsukawa
- Neurology/Insttitute of Molecular Medicind & Genetics/School of Graduate Studies, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Research/Affiliations Service Line, Augusta VAMC, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Takao Yasuhara
- Neurology/Insttitute of Molecular Medicind & Genetics/School of Graduate Studies, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Research/Affiliations Service Line, Augusta VAMC, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Koichi Hara
- Neurology/Insttitute of Molecular Medicind & Genetics/School of Graduate Studies, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Research/Affiliations Service Line, Augusta VAMC, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Neurology/Insttitute of Molecular Medicind & Genetics/School of Graduate Studies, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Research/Affiliations Service Line, Augusta VAMC, Augusta, GA, USA
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Sanberg PR, Greene-Zavertnik C, Davis CD. Article Commentary: Cell Transplantation: The Regenerative Medicine Journal. A Biennial Analysis of Publications. Cell Transplant 2017; 12:815-825. [DOI: 10.3727/000000003771000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Cathryn Greene-Zavertnik
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Cyndy D. Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC 78, Tampa, FL 33612
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Bae JY, Han DW, Wakitani S, Nawata M, Hyon SH. Biological and Biomechanical Evaluations of Osteochondral Allografts Preserved in Cold Storage Solution Containing Epigallocatechin Gallate. Cell Transplant 2010; 19:681-9. [DOI: 10.3727/096368910x508771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) on the nonfrozen preservation of mammalian cells and tissues are generally not well understood. A storage solution containing EGCG was employed to test the hypothesis that EGCG is capable of extending the storage duration for the cold preservation of articular cartilages. Human articular cartilages were preserved in a storage solution composed of serum-free RPMI-1640 medium with 1% antibiotic-antimycotic solution and 1 mM EGCG at 4°C for 1, 2, and 4 weeks. The chondrocyte viability (CCK-8 assay), biochemical and immunohistochemical composition [glycosaminoglycans (GAG) and (type II) collagen], and biomechanical property (compressive elastic modulus) were assessed. The chondrocyte viability of the cartilages preserved with EGCG was significantly well maintained for at least 2 weeks with high content of GAG and total collagen. These beneficial effects of EGCG were confirmed by the immunohistochemical observations of well-preserved cartilaginous structures and delayed denaturation of the extracellular matrix in preserved cartilages. There was no significant difference in the compressive elastic modulus (MPa) between the cartilages preserved with and without EGCG. These results suggest that EGCG may play an effective role in preserving osteochondral allografts, which can be exploited in devising strategies for the long-term preservation of other tissues under cold storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Bae
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- Department of Nanomedical Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Shigeyuki Wakitani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Nawata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Marunouchi Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Suong Hyu Hyon
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Bae JY, Matsumura K, Wakitani S, Kawaguchi A, Tsutsumi S, Hyon SH. Beneficial storage effects of epigallocatechin-3-o-gallate on the articular cartilage of rabbit osteochondral allografts. Cell Transplant 2009; 18:505-12. [PMID: 19775510 DOI: 10.1177/096368970901805-604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A fresh osteochondral allograft is one of the most effective treatments for cartilage defects of the knee. Despite the clinical success, fresh osteochondral allografts have great limitations in relation to the short storage time that cartilage tissues can be well-preserved. Fresh osteochondral grafts are generally stored in culture medium at 4 degrees C. While the viability of articular cartilage stored in culture medium is significantly diminished within 1 week, appropriate serology testing to minimize the chances for the disease transmission requires a minimum of 2 weeks. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) has differential effects on the proliferation of cancer and normal cells, thus a cytotoxic effect on various cancer cells, but a cytopreservative effect on normal cells. Therefore, a storage solution containing EGCG might extend the storage duration of articular cartilages. Rabbit osteochondral allografts were performed with osteochondral grafts stored at 4 degrees C in culture medium containing EGCG for 2 weeks and then the clinical effects were examined with macroscopic and histological assessment after 4 weeks. The cartilaginous structure of an osteochondral graft stored with EGCG was well-preserved with high cell viability and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the extracellular matrix (ECM). After an osteochondral allograft, the implanted osteochondral grafts stored with EGCG also provided a significantly better retention of the articular cartilage with viability and metabolic activity. These data suggest that EGCG can be an effective storage agent that allows long-term preservation of articular cartilage under cold storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Yoon Bae
- Department of Medical Simulation Engineering, Research Center for Nano Medical Engineering, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6060-8507, Japan
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Liu K, Wang K, Yan H. Incomplete digestion preserves chondrocytes from dedifferentiating in long-termed culture on plastic substrate. Tissue Cell 2008; 41:1-11. [PMID: 18674789 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Epiphyseal pieces from young rat's costal cartilage were predigested for 30min by hyaluronidase then digested by collagenase for 1h with gentle beating applied. Resulted grape-like chondrocytes connecting with the residual cartilage matrix were seeded in plastic culture dishes and 4 passages at about 12-days interval were carried out. Morphological observations were performed daily. Compared with completely isolated chondrocytes at the same passage, detection for collagen II, integrin-beta(1) and focal adhesion kinase by immunochemistry staining, Western Blot and RT-PCR were performed to evaluate the preservation of chondrocytic phenotype and cellular functions. Primary chondrocytes isolated by complete enzymatic digestion served as control. Completely isolated chondrocytes in the monolayer culture were ready to lose the chondrocytic phenotype marked by the down-regulation of collagen II secretion and specific morphological alterations which were characterized as the cells gradually became long and spindle-like from their originally rounded shape. In case of the incompletely digested chondrocytes, the expression of collagen II was stable during the whole experiment while extensive cell-cell contacts and matrix-cell connections were observed. Transcription and expression of integrin-beta(1) and FAK were active and paracrine of BMP-7 was positive. These results suggested stable chondrocytic phenotype. Conclusionly, by the incomplete digestion method, the requisite time for enzymatic isolation was reduced and chondrocytes with residual matrix were harvested instead of mono-cell suspension. Compared with the novel techniques, the incomplete digestion shortened the enzymatic procedure greatly and simplified the subculturing operations with less financial cost. Especially, as extracellular matrix was preserved, chondrocytes expressed stable phenotype in a rather long-termed culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710004, China
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