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Shayan N, Ghiyasimoghaddam N, Mirkatuli HA, Baghbani M, Ranjbarzadhagh Z, Mohtasham N. The biomarkers for maintenance Cancer stem cell features can be applicable in precision medicine of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:101906. [PMID: 38688401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a crucial role in tumor relapse, proliferation, invasion, and drug resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This narrative review aims to synthesize data from articles published between 2019 and 2023 on biomarkers for detecting CSCs in HNSCC and changes in molecular pathways, genetics, epigenetics, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in CSCs relevant to precision medicine approaches in HNSCC management. The search encompassed 41 in vitro studies and 22 clinical studies. CSCs exhibit diverse molecular profiles and unique biomarker expression patterns, offering significant potential for HNSCC diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis, thereby enhancing patient survival. Their remarkable self-renewal ability and adaptability are closely linked to tumorigenicity development and maintenance. Assessing biomarkers before and after therapy can aid in identifying various cell types associated with cancer progression and relapse. Screening for CSCs, senescent tumor cells, and cells correlated with the senescence process post-treatment has proven highly beneficial. However, the clinical application of precision medicine in HNSCC management is hindered by the lack of specific and definitive CSC biomarkers. Furthermore, our limited understanding of CSC plasticity, governed by genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic alterations during tumorigenesis, as well as the bidirectional interaction of CSCs with the tumor microenvironment, underscores the need for further research. Well-designed studies involving large patient cohorts are, therefore, essential to establish a standardized protocol and address these unresolved queries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navidreza Shayan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Ghiyasimoghaddam
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bohlool Hospital, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | | | | | - Zahra Ranjbarzadhagh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ramakrishnan K, Babu S, Shaji V, Soman S, Leelamma A, Rehman N, Raju R. Hepatitis B Virus Modulated Transcriptional Regulatory Map of Hepatic Cellular MicroRNAs. OMICS 2023; 27:581-597. [PMID: 38064540 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped, hepatotropic, noncytopathic virus with a partially double-stranded DNA genome. It infects hepatocytes and is associated with progression to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, culminating in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for 55% of total HCC cases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulated by HBV play an important role in these pathologies. Mapping the miRNAs responsive to HBV and HBV-specific proteins, including HBV X protein (HBx) that harbor the majority of HBV-human protein interactions, could aid accelerate the diagnostics and therapeutics innovation against the infection and associated diseases. With this in mind, we used a unique annotation strategy whereby we first amassed 362 mature HBV responsive-human Differentially Expressed miRNAs (HBV-hDEmiRs). The core experimentally-validated messenger RNA targets of the HBV-hDEmiRs were mostly associated with viral infections and hepatic inflammation processes. Moreover, our annotation strategy enabled the characterization of HBx-dependent/independent HBV-hDEmiRs as a tool for evaluation of the impact of HBx as a therapeutic target. Bioinformatics analysis of the HBV-human protein-protein interactome revealed new insights into the transcriptional regulatory network of the HBV-hDEmiRs. We performed a comparative analysis of data on miRNAs gathered from HBV infected cell line studies and from tissue studies of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC. Accordingly, we propose hsa-miR-15a-5p that is downregulated by multiple HBV proteins, including HBx, as a potential biomarker of HBV infection, and its progression to HCC. In all, this study underscores (1) the complexity of miRNA regulation in response to HBV infection and its progression into other liver pathologies and (2) provides a regulatory map of HBV-hDEmiRs and the underlying mechanisms modulating their expression through a cross talk between HBV viral proteins and human transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sreeranjini Babu
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine (CSBMM), Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vineetha Shaji
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine (CSBMM), Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sowmya Soman
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Anila Leelamma
- Department of Biochemistry, NSS College, Nilamel, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Niyas Rehman
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Rajesh Raju
- Centre for Integrative Omics Data Science, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- Centre for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine (CSBMM), Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Malla R, Marni R, Chakraborty A. Exploring the role of CD151 in the tumor immune microenvironment: Therapeutic and clinical perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188898. [PMID: 37094754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
CD151 is a transmembrane protein implicated in tumor progression and has been shown to regulate various cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to malignancy. More recently, the role of CD151 in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) has gained attention as a potential target for cancer therapy. This review aims to explore the role of CD151 in the TIME, focusing on the therapeutic and clinical perspectives. The role of CD151 in regulating the interactions between tumor cells and the immune system will be discussed, along with the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions. The current state of the development of CD151-targeted therapies and the potential clinical applications of these therapies will also be reviewed. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the role of CD151 in the TIME and highlights the potential of CD151 as a therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Dept of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Rakshmita Marni
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Dept of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Marni R, Malla M, Chakraborty A, Malla R. Proteomic profiling and ROC analysis identify CD151 and ELAVL1 as potential therapy response markers for the antiviral drug in resistant TNBC. Life Sci 2023; 320:121534. [PMID: 36889667 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is high heterogeneous, aggressive, and metastatic with poor prognosis. Despite of advances in targeted therapies, TNBC has been reported to cause high morbidity and mortality. A rare subpopulation within the tumor microenvironment organized into a hierarchy of cancer stem cells is responsible for therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. Repurposing of antiviral drugs for cancer treatment is gaining momentum due to reduced cost, labour, and research time, but limited due to lack of prognostic, and predictive markers. The present study investigates proteomic profiling and ROC analysis to identify CD151 and ELAVL1 as potential therapy response markers for the antiviral drug 2-thio-6-azauridine (TAU) in resistant TNBC. The stemness of MDA-MB 231 and MDA-MD 468 adherent cells was enriched by culturing them under non-adherent and non-differentiation conditions. Then, CD151+ subpopulation was isolated and characterized for the enrichment of stemness. This study found that CD151 has overexpressed in stemness enriched subpopulations, and also showed CD44 high and CD24 low expression along with stem cell-related transcription factors octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) and Sex determining Y-box 2 (SOX2). This study also found that TAU induced significant cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in the CD151+TNBC subpopulation and inhibited their proliferation by inducing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest at the G2M phase, and apoptosis. Further, a proteomic profiling study showed that the expression of CD151 along with ELAVL1, an RNA-binding protein, was significantly reduced with TAU treatment. KM plotter showed correlation of CD151 and ELAVL1 gene expression with a poor prognosis of TNBC. ROC analysis predicted and validated CD151 and ELAVL1 as best therapy response marker for TAU in TNBC. These findings provide new insight into repurposing antiviral drug TAU for treatment of metastatic and drug resistant TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakshmitha Marni
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, A.P., India
| | - Manas Malla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, GITAM School of Technology, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, A.P., India
| | | | - RamaRao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam 530045, A.P., India.
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Richard V, Nair MG, Jaikumar VS, Jones S, Prabhu JS, Kerin MJ. Cell State Transitions and Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Luminal Breast Cancer Implicating MicroRNAs as Potential Regulators. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043497. [PMID: 36834918 PMCID: PMC9967449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Luminal breast cancer subtypes respond poorly to endocrine and trastuzumab treatments due to cellular heterogeneity arising from the phenotype transitions, accounted for mainly by the loss of receptor expression. The origins of basal-like and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-overexpressing breast cancer subtypes have been attributed to genetic and protein modifications in stem-like cells and luminal progenitor cell populations, respectively. The post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression is known to be influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) that are deemed to be master regulators of several biological processes in breast tumorigenesis and progression. Our objective was to identify the fractions of luminal breast cancer cells that share stemness potentials and marker profiles and to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanism that drives transitions between fractions, leading to receptor discordances. Established breast cancer cell lines of all prominent subtypes were screened for the expression of putative cancer stem cell (CSC) markers and drug transporter proteins using a side population (SP) assay. Flow-cytometry-sorted fractions of luminal cancer cells implanted in immunocompromised mice generated a pre-clinical estrogen receptor alpha (ERα+) animal model with multiple tumorigenic fractions displaying differential expression of drug transporters and hormone receptors. Despite an abundance of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene transcripts, few fractions transitioned to the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) phenotype with a visible loss of ER protein expression and a distinct microRNA expression profile that is reportedly enriched in breast CSCs. The translation of this study has the potential to provide novel therapeutic miRNA-based targets to counter the dreaded subtype transitions and the failure of antihormonal therapies in the luminal breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinitha Richard
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, H91 V4AY Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (M.J.K.)
| | - Madhumathy G. Nair
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John’s Research Institute, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India
| | - Vishnu S. Jaikumar
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695585, Kerala, India
| | - Sara Jones
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695585, Kerala, India
| | - Jyothi S. Prabhu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, St. John’s Research Institute, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India
| | - Michael J. Kerin
- Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, H91 V4AY Galway, Ireland
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (M.J.K.)
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Marni R, Chakraborty A, Malla R. Oncogenic tetraspanins: Implications for metastasis, drug resistance, cancer stem cell maintenance and diagnosis of leading cancers in females. Gene Reports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Richard V, Kumar TRS, Pillai RM. Transitional dynamics of cancer stem cells in invasion and metastasis. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:100909. [PMID: 33049522 PMCID: PMC7557893 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
At the onset, few cancer cells amidst the tumor bulk, identified as cancer stem cells (CSCs) or early disseminated cancer cells (eDCCs) are capable of survival post conventional therapy and persist as minimal residual disease (MRD). Metastatic subclones emerge both early and late in the life of primary tumor ensuing an ongoing regional clonal evolution of progenitor cells in metastatic and primary tumors. In the last decade, multiple studies proposed various identities of stem-like cells that undergo transitions to adapt to the changing microenvironment as the disease progresses. This review advocates with substantial evidence the dynamic model of tumor propagation by exploring the specific cell types, reversible phenotypic plasticity between the tumorigenic leader seeds and the supporting follower cancer cells both in circulation and in solid tissue to accurately decipher tumor promoting clones and its role in metastatic dissemination and tumor re-growth. (142 words).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinitha Richard
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala State, India
| | - T R Santhosh Kumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala State, India
| | - Radhakrishna M Pillai
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala State, India.
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Barlak N, Capik O, Sanli F, Karatas OF. The roles of microRNAs in the stemness of oral cancer cells. Oral Oncol 2020; 109:104950. [PMID: 32828020 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC), which is the most common form of head and neck cancers, has one of the lowest (~50%) overall 5-year survival rates. The main reasons for this high mortality rate are diagnosis of OC in advanced stages in most patients and spread to distant organs via lymph node metastasis. Many studies have shown that a small population of cells within the tumor plays vital roles in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of the tumor, resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, and recurrence. These cells, identified as cancer stem cells (CSCs), are the main reasons for the failure of current treatment modalities. Deregulated expressions of microRNAs are closely related to tumor prognosis, metastasis and drug resistance. In addition, microRNAs play important roles in regulating the functions of CSCs. Until now, the roles of microRNAs in the acquisition and maintenance of OC stemness have not been elucidated in detail yet. Here in this review, we summarized significant findings and the latest literature to better understand the involvement of CSCs in association with dysregulated microRNAs in oral carcinogenesis. Possible roles of these microRNAs in acquisition and maintenance of CSCs features during OC pathogenesis were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslisah Barlak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey; Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozel Capik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey; Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sanli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey; Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey; Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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Clotaire DZJ, Du X, Wei Y, Yang D, Hua J. miR-19b-3p integrates Jak-Stat signaling pathway through Plzf to regulate self-renewal in dairy goat male germline stem cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 105:104-114. [PMID: 30393202 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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