Peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis caused by Neisseria elongata subsp. nitroreducens, the first report

Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Neisseria.sicca: A case report and literature review

Neisseria sicca, a Gram-negative diplococcus commonly found in the nasopharynx as part of normal bacterial flora, is typically non-pathogenic but has been associated with various diseases including endocarditis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia and meningitis (Jeurissen et al., 2006; Kozlova et al., 2020; Alcid, 1980; Carter et al., 2007). In this report, we present a case of peritonitis in a patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis caused by N. sicca and review the literature on Neisseria-associated peritonitis.

Neisseria elongata-mediated peritonitis in an end-stage renal disease patient on automated peritoneal dialysis: a case report and literature review

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can result in peritonitis, which frequently causes severe and near-fatal clinical implications if left untreated. Usually, gram-positive bacteria are the most common organisms involved. Uncommonly recognized as the cause of peritonitis in PD patients, Neisseria elongata is a gram-negative nasal and oropharyngeal normal flora organism.

Case presentation

We report a rare case of a 29-year-old man who had received automated PD for 6 years and had N. elongata peritonitis.

Discussion

Several case reports of Neisseria-related peritonitis may point to the potential pathogenicity of such organisms and suggest that many cases of culture-negative peritonitis may have been misdiagnosed. Poor nutrition and chronic kidney disease have been suggested as potential risk factors for N. elongata peritonitis, both of which are present in our patient. With appropriate antibiotic use, most of the cases respond well to empirical treatment.

Conclusion

Although rare, N. elongata can lead to PD catheter. peritonitis that, in some cases, require changing to hemodialysis.

Neisseria elongata -mediated peritonitis in an end-stage renal disease patient on automated peritoneal dialysis, A case report and literature review

Introduction

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) can result in peritonitis, which frequently causes severe and near-fatal clinical implications if left untreated. Usually, Gram-positive bacteria are the most common organisms involved. Uncommonly recognized as the cause of peritonitis in PD patients, Neisseria Elongata is a gram-negative nasal and oropharyngeal normal flora organism.

Case presentation

We report a rare case of a 29-year-old man who had received automated peritoneal dialysis for six years and had Neisseria Elongata peritonitis.

Discussion

Several case Reports of niseria-related peritonitis may point to the potential pathogenicity of such organisms and suggest that many cases of culture-negative peritonitis may have been misdiagnosed. Poor nutrition and chronic kidney disease have been suggested as potential risk factors for Neisseria elongata peritonitis [8], both of which are present in our patient. With appropriate antibiotic use, most of the cases respond well to empirical treatment.

Conclusion

Although rare, Neisseria Elongata can lead to Peritoneal Dialysis catheter Peritonitis that, in some cases, require changing to hemodialysis.

Infected lung bulla caused by Neisseria elongata: A case report

Neisseria elongata is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative, aerobic bacterium that is part of the normal oral bacterial flora. Although previously considered a non- or low-pathogenic organism, the development of bacterial detection methods has resulted in increased reports of N. elongata infections such that it has recently been recognized as a causative agent of serious infections even in non-immune-compromised patients.

A 77-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and diabetes mellitus was diagnosed with a nodule in the left lower lobe of his lung. Thoracoscopic wedge resection was performed, and pus was discharged from the specimen. Mass spectrometry of the swab culture revealed N. elongata. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful, and he was doing well without recurrence at 13 months after surgery. Since N. elongata is an oral bacterial flora, the patient consulted a local dentist, and decayed teeth were extracted.

Most of the reported cases of serious N. elongata infections have described infective endocarditis. This is the first report of infected lung bulla due to N. elongata infection, which demonstrates a new pathogenicity.

Native Mitral Valve Endocarditis Caused by Neisseria elongata subsp. nitroreducens in a Patient with Marfan Syndrome: First Case in Italy and Review of the Literature

Neisseria elongata (NE) is an aerobic Gram-negative organism that constitutes part of the commensal human normal oropharyngeal flora. Although previously considered not to be pathogenic, it has been recognized as an occasional cause of significant infections in humans. We report here the first case in Italy of infective endocarditis of a native prolapsing mitral valve in a patient with Marfan syndrome, caused by NE subspecies nitroreducens which has been rarely isolated from clinical specimens. The culprit organism has been confirmed by mass spectrometry directly from the positive blood culture, as previously reported. The amplified gene has been deposited in GenBank under accession number KT591873. In spite of the reported aggressive nature of NE, clinical remission was promptly obtained, there being no requirement for surgery.