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Phase-Transfer Catalyzed Microfluidic Glycosylation: A Small Change in Concentration Results in a Dramatic Increase in Stereoselectivity. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) is widely used in glycochemistry for the preparation of aryl glycosides by the glycosylation reaction. While investigating the possibility of synthesis of 4-(3-chloropropoxy)phenyl sialoside (Neu5Ac-OCPP) from N-acetylsialyl chloride with O-acetyl groups (1), we have recently discovered a strong dependence of the PTC glycosylation outcome on the mixing mode: under batch conditions, only α-anomer of Neu5Ac-OCPP was obtained, albeit in low yield (13%), while under microfluidic conditions the yield of Neu5Ac-OCPP increased to 36%, although stereoselectivity decreased (α/β ≤ 6.2). Here, we report that the outcome of this reaction, performed under microfluidic conditions using a Comet X-01 micromixer (at 2 μL/min flow rate), non-linearly depends on the concentration of N-acetylsialyl chloride 1 (5–200 mmol/L). The target Neu5Ac-OCPP was obtained in a noticeably higher yield (up to 66%) accompanied by enhanced stereoselectivity (α/β = 17:1–32:1) in the high concentration range (C > 50 mmol/L), whereas the yield (10–36%) and especially, stereoselectivity (α/β = 0.9:1–6.2:1) were lower in the low concentration range (C ≤ 50 mmol/L). This dramatic stepwise increase in stereoselectivity above critical concentration (50 mmol/L) is apparently related to the changes in the presentation of molecules on the surface of supramers of glycosyl donor, which exist in different concentration ranges.
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Myachin IV, Mamirgova ZZ, Stepanova EV, Zinin AI, Chizhov AO, Kononov L. Black swan in phase transfer catalysis: influence of mixing mode on the stereoselectivity of glycosylation. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V. Myachin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory of Glycochemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Zarina Z. Mamirgova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory of Glycochemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Elena V. Stepanova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboraory of Glycochemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Alexander I. Zinin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory of Glycochemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Alexander O. Chizhov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RAS: Institut organiceskoj himii imeni N D Zelinskogo RAN Laboratory of Glycochemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Leonid Kononov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Laboratory of Glycochemistry Leninsky prosp., 47 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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Karak M, Haldar A, Torikai K. Current Tools for Chemical Glycosylation: Where Are We Now? TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2021. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.2014.7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kohei Torikai
- Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek
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Karak M, Haldar A, Torikai K. Current Tools for Chemical Glycosylation: Where Are We Now? TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2021. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.2014.7j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kohei Torikai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
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Ji P, Feng X, Oliveres P, Li Z, Murakami A, Wang C, Lin W. Strongly Lewis Acidic Metal–Organic Frameworks for Continuous Flow Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14878-14888. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xuanyu Feng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Pau Oliveres
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iCHEM, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Akiko Murakami
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, iCHEM, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Wenbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
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Nagasaki M, Manabe Y, Minamoto N, Tanaka K, Silipo A, Molinaro A, Fukase K. Chemical Synthesis of a Complex-Type N-Glycan Containing a Core Fucose. J Org Chem 2016; 81:10600-10616. [PMID: 27775350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A chemical synthesis of a core fucose containing N-glycan was achieved. Asparagine was introduced at an early stage of the synthesis, and the sugar chain was convergently elongated. As for the fragment synthesis, we reinvestigated α-sialylation, β-mannosylation, and N-glycosylation to reveal that precise temperature control was essential for these glycosylations. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds involving acetamide groups were found to reduce the reactivity in glycosylations: the protection of NHAc as NAc2 dramatically improved the reactivity. The dodecasaccharide-asparagine framework was constructed via the (4 + 4) glycosylation and the (4 + 8) glycosylation using the tetrasaccharide donor and the tetrasaccharide-asparagine acceptor. An ether-type solvent enhanced the yields of these key glycosylations between large substrates. After the whole deprotection of the dodecasaccharide, the target N-glycan was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nagasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Naoya Minamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Katsunori Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Biofunctional Synthetic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Hirosawa 2-1, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.,Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II , Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University , Machikaneyama 1-1, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Fukase K, Shimoyama A, Manabe Y. Effective Synthesis of Oligosaccharide under Microfluidic Conditions. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2015. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.73.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
Reagent molecules inside solution domains {R1} and {R2} cannot contact hence react. For this reason solution structure may influence chemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. O. Kononov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
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Rueping M, Bootwicha T, Sugiono E. Continuous-flow catalytic asymmetric hydrogenations: Reaction optimization using FTIR inline analysis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:300-7. [PMID: 22423298 PMCID: PMC3302093 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The asymmetric organocatalytic hydrogenation of benzoxazines, quinolines, quinoxalines and 3H-indoles in continuous-flow microreactors has been developed. Reaction monitoring was achieved by using an inline ReactIR flow cell, which allows fast and convenient optimization of reaction parameters. The reductions proceeded well, and the desired products were isolated in high yields and with excellent enantioselectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Rueping
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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Maurya RA, Park CP, Kim DP. Triple-channel microreactor for biphasic gas-liquid reactions: Photosensitized oxygenations. Beilstein J Org Chem 2011; 7:1158-63. [PMID: 21915221 PMCID: PMC3170200 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.7.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A triple-channel microreactor fabricated by means of a soft-lithography technique was devised for efficient biphasic gas–liquid reactions. The excellent performance of the microreactor was demonstrated by carrying out photosensitized oxygenations of α-terpinene, citronellol, and allyl alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Awatar Maurya
- National Creative Research Center of Applied Microfluidic Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea, www.camc.re.kr
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Saito K, Ueoka K, Matsumoto K, Suga S, Nokami T, Yoshida JI. Indirect Cation-Flow Method: Flash Generation of Alkoxycarbenium Ions and Studies on the Stability of Glycosyl Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Saito K, Ueoka K, Matsumoto K, Suga S, Nokami T, Yoshida JI. Indirect Cation-Flow Method: Flash Generation of Alkoxycarbenium Ions and Studies on the Stability of Glycosyl Cations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:5153-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Uchinashi Y, Nagasaki M, Zhou J, Tanaka K, Fukase K. Reinvestigation of the C5-acetamide sialic acid donor for α-selective sialylation: practical procedure under microfluidic conditions. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:7243-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06164j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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