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Johannsen B, Baumgartner D, Karkossa L, Paust N, Karpíšek M, Bostanci N, Zengerle R, Mitsakakis K. ImmunoDisk—A Fully Automated Bead-Based Immunoassay Cartridge with All Reagents Pre-Stored. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12060413. [PMID: 35735560 PMCID: PMC9221266 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the ImmunoDisk, a fully automated sample-to-answer centrifugal microfluidic cartridge, integrating a heterogeneous, wash-free, magnetic- and fluorescent bead-based immunoassay (bound-free phase detection immunoassay/BFPD-IA). The BFPD-IA allows the implementation of a simple fluidic structure, where the assay incubation, bead separation and detection are performed in the same chamber. The system was characterized using a C-reactive protein (CRP) competitive immunoassay. A parametric investigation on air drying of protein-coupled beads for pre-storage at room temperature is presented. The key parameters were buffer composition, drying temperature and duration. A protocol for drying two different types of protein-coupled beads with the same temperature and duration using different drying buffers is presented. The sample-to-answer workflow was demonstrated measuring CRP in 5 µL of human serum, without prior dilution, utilizing only one incubation step, in 20 min turnaround time, in the clinically relevant concentration range of 15–115 mg/L. A reproducibility assessment over three disk batches revealed an average signal coefficient of variation (CV) of 5.8 ± 1.3%. A CRP certified reference material was used for method verification with a concentration CV of 8.6%. Our results encourage future testing of the CRP-ImmunoDisk in clinical studies and its point-of-care implementation in many diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita Johannsen
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.K.); (N.P.); (R.Z.)
- Correspondence: (B.J.); (K.M.); Tel.: +49-761-203-7252 (B.J.); +49-761-203-73252 (K.M.)
| | - Desirée Baumgartner
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Lena Karkossa
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.K.); (N.P.); (R.Z.)
| | - Nils Paust
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.K.); (N.P.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Michal Karpíšek
- BioVendor-Laboratorní Medicína a.s., Research & Diagnostic Products Division, Karasek 1767/1, Reckovice, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackeho trida 1946/1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Oral Health and Periodontology, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Roland Zengerle
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.K.); (N.P.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany;
| | - Konstantinos Mitsakakis
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.K.); (N.P.); (R.Z.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany;
- Correspondence: (B.J.); (K.M.); Tel.: +49-761-203-7252 (B.J.); +49-761-203-73252 (K.M.)
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Ma Q, Ma H, Xu F, Wang X, Sun W. Microfluidics in cardiovascular disease research: state of the art and future outlook. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:19. [PMID: 34567733 PMCID: PMC8433381 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to extremely severe morbidity and mortality worldwide, it is worth achieving a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular diseases. Tremendous effort has been made to replicate the cardiovascular system and investigate the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Microfluidics can be used as a versatile primary strategy to achieve a holistic picture of cardiovascular disease. Here, a brief review of the application of microfluidics in comprehensive cardiovascular disease research is presented, with specific discussions of the characteristics of microfluidics for investigating cardiovascular diseases integrally, including the study of pathogenetic mechanisms, the development of accurate diagnostic methods and the establishment of therapeutic treatments. Investigations of critical pathogenetic mechanisms for typical cardiovascular diseases by microfluidic-based organ-on-a-chip are categorized and reviewed, followed by a detailed summary of microfluidic-based accurate diagnostic methods. Microfluidic-assisted cardiovascular drug evaluation and screening as well as the fabrication of novel delivery vehicles are also reviewed. Finally, the challenges with and outlook on further advancing the use of microfluidics technology in cardiovascular disease research are highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingming Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071 China
| | - Haixia Ma
- Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Zibo, 255000 China
| | - Fenglan Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001 China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Institute of Thermal Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 China
| | - Wentao Sun
- Center for Basic Medical Research, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300457 China
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Park J, Lee GH, Yull Park J, Lee JC, Kim HC. Hypergravity-induced multicellular spheroid generation with different morphological patterns precisely controlled on a centrifugal microfluidic platform. Biofabrication 2017; 9:045006. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa9472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Woo HK, Sunkara V, Park J, Kim TH, Han JR, Kim CJ, Choi HI, Kim YK, Cho YK. Exodisc for Rapid, Size-Selective, and Efficient Isolation and Analysis of Nanoscale Extracellular Vesicles from Biological Samples. ACS NANO 2017; 11:1360-1370. [PMID: 28068467 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b06131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived, nanoscale vesicles that carry nucleic acids and proteins from their cells of origin and show great potential as biomarkers for many diseases, including cancer. Efficient isolation and detection methods are prerequisites for exploiting their use in clinical settings and understanding their physiological functions. Here, we presented a rapid, label-free, and highly sensitive method for EV isolation and quantification using a lab-on-a-disc integrated with two nanofilters (Exodisc). Starting from raw biological samples, such as cell-culture supernatant (CCS) or cancer-patient urine, fully automated enrichment of EVs in the size range of 20-600 nm was achieved within 30 min using a tabletop-sized centrifugal microfluidic system. Quantitative tests using nanoparticle-tracking analysis confirmed that the Exodisc enabled >95% recovery of EVs from CCS. Additionally, analysis of mRNA retrieved from EVs revealed that the Exodisc provided >100-fold higher concentration of mRNA as compared with the gold-standard ultracentrifugation method. Furthermore, on-disc enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using urinary EVs isolated from bladder cancer patients showed high levels of CD9 and CD81 expression, suggesting that this method may be potentially useful in clinical settings to test urinary EV-based biomarkers for cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyung Woo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijaya Sunkara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhee Park
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyeong Kim
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja-Ryoung Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Il Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Keun Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute of MD Healthcare , Seoul 03923, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Center for Soft and Living Matter, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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