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Wang Y, Ji N, Zhang Y, Chu J, Pan C, Zhang P, Ma W, Zhang X, Xi JJ, Chen M, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Sun T. B7H3-targeting chimeric antigen receptor modification enhances antitumor effect of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2023; 21:672. [PMID: 37770968 PMCID: PMC10537973 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04514-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of human Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in GBM treatment. The sensitivity of different glioma specimens to Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-mediated cytotoxicity is assessed using a patient-derived tumor cell clusters (PTCs) model. METHODS The study evaluates the anti-tumor effect of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells in 26 glioma cases through the PTCs model. Protein expression of BTN2A1 and BTN3A1, along with gene expression related to lipid metabolism and glioma inflammatory response pathways, is analyzed in matched tumor tissue samples. Additionally, the study explores two strategies to re-sensitize tumors in the weak anti-tumor effect (WAT) group: utilizing a BTN3A1 agonistic antibody or employing bisphosphonates to inhibit farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS). Furthermore, the study investigates the efficacy of genetically engineered Vγ9Vδ2 T cells expressing Car-B7H3 in targeting diverse GBM specimens. RESULTS The results demonstrate that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells display a stronger anti-tumor effect (SAT) in six glioma cases, while showing a weaker effect (WAT) in twenty cases. The SAT group exhibits elevated protein expression of BTN2A1 and BTN3A1, accompanied by differential gene expression related to lipid metabolism and glioma inflammatory response pathways. Importantly, the study reveals that the WAT group GBM can enhance Vγ9Vδ2 T cell-mediated killing sensitivity by incorporating either a BTN3A1 agonistic antibody or bisphosphonates. Both approaches support TCR-BTN mediated tumor recognition, which is distinct from the conventional MHC-peptide recognition by αβ T cells. Furthermore, the study explores an alternative strategy by genetically engineering Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with Car-B7H3, and both non-engineered and Car-B7H3 Vγ9Vδ2 T cells demonstrate promising efficacy in vivo, underscoring the versatile potential of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells for GBM treatment. CONCLUSIONS Vγ9Vδ2 T cells demonstrate a robust anti-tumor effect in some glioma cases, while weaker in others. Elevated BTN2A1 and BTN3A1 expression correlates with improved response. WAT group tumors can be sensitized using a BTN3A1 agonistic antibody or bisphosphonates. Genetically engineered Vγ9Vδ2 T cells, i.e., Car-B7H3, show promising efficacy. These results together highlight the versatility of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells for GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Nan Ji
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Junsheng Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Changcun Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Weiwei Ma
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biomedical Materials, Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jianzhong Jeff Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mingze Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Xia Y, Zhang G, Kou L, Yin S, Han C, Hu J, Wan F, Sun Y, Wu J, Li Y, Huang J, Xiong N, Zhang Z, Wang T. Reactive microglia enhance the transmission of exosomal alpha-synuclein via toll-like receptor 2. Brain 2021; 144:2024-2037. [PMID: 33792662 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that microglial activation is strongly linked to the initiation and progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Cell-to-cell propagation of α-synuclein (α-syn) pathology is a highlighted feature of PD, and the focus of such research has been primarily on neurons. However, recent studies as well as the data contained herein suggest that microglia, the primary phagocytes in the brain, play a direct role in the spread of α-syn pathology. Recent data revealed that plasma exosomes derived from PD patients (PD-EXO) carry pathological α-syn and target microglia preferentially. Hence, PD-EXO is likely a key tool for investigating the role of microglia in α-syn transmission. We showed that intrastriatal injection of PD-EXO resulted in the propagation of exosomal α-syn from microglia to neurons following microglia activation. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in microglia was activated by exosomal α-syn and acted as a crucial mediator of PD-EXO-induced microglial activation. Additionally, partial microglia depletion resulted in a significant decrease of exogenous α-syn in the substantia nigra (SN). Furthermore, exosomal α-syn internalization was initiated by binding to TLR2 of microglia. Excessive α-syn phagocytosis may induce the inflammatory responses of microglia and provide the seed for microglia-to-neuron transmission. Consistently, TLR2 silencing in microglia mitigated α-syn pathology in vivo. Overall, the present data support the idea that the interaction of exosomal α-syn and microglial TLR2 contribute to excessive α-syn phagocytosis and microglial activation, which lead to the further propagation and spread of α-syn pathology, thereby highlighting the pivotal roles of reactive microglia in α-syn transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoxin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Kou
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijia Yin
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Neurology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Wan
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yadi Sun
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunna Li
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinsha Huang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nian Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhentao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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