1
|
Rocco D, Housecroft CE, Constable EC. Synthesis of Terpyridines: Simple Reactions-What Could Possibly Go Wrong? Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091799. [PMID: 31075948 PMCID: PMC6539753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation of 24-functionalized 12,22:26,32-terpyridines (4′-functionalized 3,2:6′,3″-terpyridines) by the reaction of three 4-alkoxybenzaldehydes with 3-acetylpyridine and ammonia was investigated; under identical reaction conditions, two (R =nC4H9, C2H5) gave the expected products whereas a third (R = nC3H7) gave only a cyclohexanol derivative derived from the condensation of three molecules of 3-acetylpyridine with two of 4-(n-propoxy)benzaldehyde. A comprehensive survey of “unexpected” products from reactions of ArCOCH3 derivatives with aromatic aldehydes is presented. Three different types of alternative product are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Rocco
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Catherine E Housecroft
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Edwin C Constable
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Patel PN, Chadha A. A simple metal free highly diastereoselective synthesis of heteroaryl substituted (±) cyclohexanols by a branched domino reaction. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
3
|
Vibrational, structural and electronic study of a pyridinium salt assisted by SXRD studies and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
4
|
Chappell S, Brooke C, Nichols RJ, Kershaw Cook LJ, Halcrow M, Ulstrup J, Higgins SJ. Evidence for a hopping mechanism in metal|single molecule|metal junctions involving conjugated metal–terpyridyl complexes; potential-dependent conductances of complexes [M(pyterpy)2]2+ (M = Co and Fe; pyterpy = 4′-(pyridin-4-yl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine) in ionic liquid. Faraday Discuss 2016; 193:113-131. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive studies of various families of conjugated molecules in metal|molecule|metal junctions suggest that the mechanism of conductance is usually tunnelling for molecular lengths < ca. 4 nm, and that for longer molecules, coherence is lost as a hopping element becomes more significant. In this work we present evidence that, for a family of conjugated, redox-active metal complexes, hopping may be a significant factor for even the shortest molecule studied (ca. 1 nm between contact atoms). The length dependence of conductance for two series of such complexes which differ essentially in the number of conjugated 1,4-C6H4- rings in the structures has been studied, and it is found that the junction conductances vary linearly with molecular length, consistent with a hopping mechanism, whereas there is significant deviation from linearity in plots of log(conductance) vs. length that would be characteristic of tunnelling, and the slopes of the log(conductance)–length plots are much smaller than expected for an oligophenyl system. Moreover, the conductances of molecular junctions involving the redox–active molecules, [M(pyterpy)2]2+/3+ (M = Co, Fe) have been studied as a function of electrochemical potential in ionic liquid electrolyte, and the conductance–overpotential relationship is found to fit well with the Kuznetsov–Ulstrup relationship, which is essentially a hopping description.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Chappell
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD
- UK
| | - Carly Brooke
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD
- UK
| | | | | | | | - Jens Ulstrup
- Department of Chemistry
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - Simon J. Higgins
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Liverpool
- Liverpool L69 7ZD
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Synthesis, characterization and luminescence properties of LnIII (Ln=Eu, Tb, Ce, Sm, Dy) complexes containing a terpyridine ligand and a 3d–4f type conjugated terpyridine-alkyne bridging EuIII–Co0 carbonyl cluster complex. Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
6
|
Thomas KRJ, Lin JT, Chang CP, Chuen CH, Cheng CC. Zinc(II) and Ruthenium(II) Complexes of Novel Fluorene Substituted Terpyridine Ligands: Synthesis, Spectroscopy and Electrochemistry. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200200119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Grusenmeyer TA, Chen J, Jin Y, Nguyen J, Rack JJ, Schmehl RH. pH Control of Intramolecular Energy Transfer and Oxygen Quenching in Ru(II) Complexes Having Coupled Electronic Excited States. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7497-506. [DOI: 10.1021/ja300866s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tod A. Grusenmeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
70118, United States
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
70118, United States
| | - Yuhuan Jin
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Jonathan Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
70118, United States
| | - Jeffrey J. Rack
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Russell H. Schmehl
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
70118, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Constable EC, Zhang G, Housecroft CE, Neuburger M, Schaffner S. Phase-separated hydrogen-bonded chloride ion–water–oxonium ion sheets and protonated 4′-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridine stacks, and condensation products of 2-acetylpyridine and benzaldehydes revisited. CrystEngComm 2009. [DOI: 10.1039/b819927b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
10
|
Champin B, Sartor V, Sauvage JP. A highly rigid ditopic conjugate with orthogonal coordination axes and its zinc(ii) and copper(ii) complexes. NEW J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b713367g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Jäger M, Eriksson L, Bergquist J, Johansson O. Synthesis and Characterization of 2,6-Di(quinolin-8-yl)pyridines. New Ligands for Bistridentate RuII Complexes with Microsecond Luminescent Lifetimes. J Org Chem 2007; 72:10227-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jo7015373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Jäger
- Department of Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physical, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Eriksson
- Department of Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physical, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Bergquist
- Department of Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physical, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Olof Johansson
- Department of Photochemistry and Molecular Science, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden, Department of Physical, Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, and Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 599, 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yan CG, Cai XM, Wang QF, Wang TY, Zheng M. Microwave-assisted four-component, one-pot condensation reaction: an efficient synthesis of annulated pyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2007; 5:945-51. [PMID: 17340010 DOI: 10.1039/b617256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A one-pot, effective synthesis of pyridines by a modified Kröhnke procedure is described. Polysubstituted annulated pyridines were synthesized in high yields by four-component, one-pot cyclocondensation reactions of N-phenacylpyridinium bromide, aromatic aldehydes, acetophenones or cyclic ketones in the presence of ammonium acetate and acetic acid, assisted by microwave irradiation. In this procedure, cyclic ketones with two alpha-CH(2) groups yield annulated pyridines with additional alpha-benzylidene groups, which are derived in situ from double aldol condensation of cyclic ketones with two moles of aromatic aldehydes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Eryazici I, Wang P, Moorefield CN, Panzer M, Durmus S, Shreiner CD, Newkome GR. Design, characterization, and X-ray structure of an interlocked dinuclear chair-like metallomacrocycle: [FeII2(3,5-bis(2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridin-4′-phen-3-yl)toluene)2][4PF6−]. Dalton Trans 2007:626-8. [PMID: 17268594 DOI: 10.1039/b616014j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of 3,5-bis(2,2':6',2''-terpyridin-4'-phen-3-yl)toluene with an equimolar amount of a Fe(II) salt afforded a high yield of an interlocked dinuclear tetracationic "molecular gear" that was confirmed by single crystal X-ray data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Eryazici
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-4717, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Eryazici I, Moorefield CN, Durmus S, Newkome GR. Synthesis and Single-Crystal X-ray Characterization of 4,4‘ ‘-Functionalized 4‘-(4-Bromophenyl)-2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridines. J Org Chem 2006; 71:1009-14. [PMID: 16438513 DOI: 10.1021/jo052036l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To expand the utility of bis(terpyridine) metal connectivity, the selective symmetrical and unsymmetrical 4,4"-functionalization (-CN, -Me, -CO2Me) of 4'-(4-bromophenyl)-2,2':6',2"-terpyridines was achieved using the Kröhnke synthesis. The final substituted 2,2':6',2"-terpyridines along with their corresponding intermediates, 4a-c, were recrystallized and characterized by 1H NMR and 13C NMR as well as X-ray crystallography; COSY correlations were also conducted to permit definitive proton assignment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Eryazici
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, and Maurice Morton Institute of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-4717, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Champin B, Sartor V, Sauvage JP. A phen–terpy conjugate whose chelate coordination axes are orthogonal to one another and its zinc complex. NEW J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b511762c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Downs L, Wolfe D, Schreiner P. Organic Base-Mediated Condensation of Pyridinecarboxaldehydes to Azachalcones. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
17
|
Reger DL, Gardinier JR, BakbakCurrent address: School of Ch S, Semeniuc RF, Bunz UHF, Smith MD. Multitopic third generation tris(pyrazolyl)methane ligands built on alkyne structural scaffolding: first preparation of mixed tris(pyrazolyl)methane/tris(pyrazolyl)borate ligands. NEW J CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1039/b414770g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
18
|
Joester D, Gramlich V, Diederich F. Amphiphilic Dendrimers with Heteroleptic Bis([2,2?: 6?,2?]terpyridine)-Ruthenium(II) Cores. Helv Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200490262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
19
|
Wang P, Moorefield CN, Newkome GR. Synthesis, X-ray Structure, and Self-Assembly of Functionalized Bis(2,2‘:6‘,2‘ ‘-terpyridinyl)arenes. Org Lett 2004; 6:1197-200. [PMID: 15070296 DOI: 10.1021/ol0364529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
meta-Bis(terpyridinyl)phenol has been synthesized from O-benzyl-3,5-di(formyl)phenol in three steps. Its alkylation afforded a series of bisterpyridinylarenes, which can be self-assembled to afford the corresponding hexametallomacrocycles possessing Fe(II), Zn(II), or Ru(II) connectivity. [structure: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pingshan Wang
- Departments of Polymer Science and Chemistry, Goodyear Polymer Center, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-4717, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Goodall W, Wild K, Arm KJ, Williams JAG. The synthesis of 4′-aryl substituted terpyridines by Suzuki cross-coupling reactions: substituent effects on ligand fluorescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1039/b205330f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
21
|
Siemeling U, Vorfeld U, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Zanello P, de Biani FF. Terpyridines Functionalised with Ferrocenyl Groups of Different Redox Potential. Eur J Inorg Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0682(199901)1999:1<1::aid-ejic1>3.0.co;2-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|