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Fernández Álvarez J, León Jurado JM, Navas González FJ, Iglesias Pastrana C, Delgado Bermejo JV. Applicability of an international linear appraisal system in Murciano-Granadina breed: fitting, zoometry correspondence inconsistencies, and improving strategies. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2102544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Fernández Álvarez
- aAsociación Nacional de Criadores de Caprino de Raza Murciano-Granadina (CAPRIGRAN), Fuente Vaqueros, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Javier Navas González
- Instituto de Investigación y Formación Agraria y Pesquera (IFAPA), Córdoba, Spain
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Iglesias Pastrana
- Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Córdoba, Spain
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Karim L, Kwaczala A, Vashishth D, Judex S. Dose-dependent effects of pharmaceutical treatments on bone matrix properties in ovariectomized rats. Bone Rep 2021; 15:101137. [PMID: 34660852 PMCID: PMC8503587 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As both anabolic and anti-catabolic osteoporosis drugs affect bone formation and resorption processes, they may contribute to bone's overall mechanical behavior by altering the quality of the bone matrix. We used an ovariectomized rat model and a novel fracture mechanics approach to investigate whether treatment with an anabolic (parathyroid hormone) or anti-catabolic (alendronate) osteoporosis drugs will alter the organic and mineral matrix components and consequently cortical bone fracture toughness. Ovariectomized (at 5 months age) rats were treated with either parathyroid hormone or alendronate at low and high doses for 6 months (age 6–12 months). Specifically, treatment groups included untreated ovariectomized controls (n = 9), high-dose alendronate (n = 10), low-dose alendronate (n = 9), high-dose parathyroid hormone (n = 10), and low-dose parathyroid hormone (n = 9). After euthanasia, cortical microbeams from the lateral quadrant were extracted, notched, and tested in 3-point bending to measure fracture toughness. Portions of the bone were used to measure changes in the 1) organic matrix through quantification of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and non-collagenous proteins, and 2) mineral matrix through assessment of mineral crystallinity. Compared to the ovariectomized group, rats treated with high doses of parathyroid hormone and alendronate had significantly increased cortical bone fracture toughness, which corresponded primarily to increased non-collagenous proteins while there was no change in AGEs. Additionally, low-dose PTH treatment increased matrix crystallinity and decreased AGE levels. In summary, ovariectomized rats treated with pharmaceutical drugs had increased non-collagenous matrix proteins and improved fracture toughness compared to controls. Further investigation is required for different doses and longer treatment periods. Alendronate increases non-collagenous proteins and improves fracture toughness. Parathyroid hormone also increases collagen maturity and mineral crystallinity. Both treatments minimize accumulation of advanced glycation end-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya Karim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Kwaczala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Stefan Judex
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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Yang BC, Lan SM, Ju CP, Chern Lin JH. Osteoporotic Goat Spine Implantation Study Using a Synthetic, Resorbable Ca/P/S-Based Bone Substitute. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:876. [PMID: 32850733 PMCID: PMC7417633 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One primary purpose of the present study is to clarify whether the highly porous, resorbable Ca/P/S-based bone substitute used in this study would still induce an osteoporotic bone when implanted into the osteoporotic vertebral defects of ovariectomized (OVX) goats, or the newly-grown bone would expectantly be rather healthy bone. The bone substitute material used for the study is a synthetic, 100% inorganic, highly porous and fast-resorbable Ca/P/S-based material (Ezechbone® Granule CBS-400). The results show that the OVX procedure along with a low calcium diet and breeding away from light can successfully induce osteoporosis in the present female experimental goats. The histological examination reveals a newly-formed trabecular bone network within the surgically-created defect of the CBS-400-implanted (OVX_IP) goat. This new trabecular bone network in the OVX_IP goat appears much denser than the OVX goat and comparable to the healthy control goat. Histomorphometry show that, among all the experimental goats, the OVX_IP goat has the highest trabecular thickness and lowest trabecular bone packet prevalence. The differences in trabecular plate separation, trabecular number and trabecular bone tissue area ratio between the OVX_IP goat and the control goat are not significant, indicating that the trabecular bone architecture of the OVX_IP goat has substantially recovered to the normal level in about 6 months after implantation without signs of osteoporosis-related delay in the bone maturing process. The quick and nicely recovered trabecular architecture parameters observed in the OVX_IP goat indicate that the present Ca/P/S-based bone substitute material has a high potential to treat osteoporotic fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Chen Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Min Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ping Ju
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Huey Chern Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Dias IR, Camassa JA, Bordelo JA, Babo PS, Viegas CA, Dourado N, Reis RL, Gomes ME. Preclinical and Translational Studies in Small Ruminants (Sheep and Goat) as Models for Osteoporosis Research. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2018; 16:182-197. [PMID: 29460175 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-018-0431-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW This review summarizes research on the use of sheep and goats as large animal models of human osteoporosis for preclinical and translational studies. RECENT FINDINGS The most frequent osteoporotic sheep model used is the ovariectomized sheep with 12 months post-operatively or more and the combined treatment of ovariectomized sheep associated to calcium/vitamin D-deficient diet and glucocorticoid applications for 6 months, but other methods are also described, like pinealectomy or hypothalamic-pituitary disconnection in ovariectomized sheep. The goat model for osteoporosis research has been used in a very limited number of studies in osteoporosis research relative to sheep. These osteoporotic small ruminant models are applied for biomaterial research, bone augmentation, efficacy of implant fixation, fragility fracture-healing process improvement, or bone-defect repair studies in the osteopenic or osteoporotic bone. Sheep are a recognized large animal model for preclinical and translational studies in osteoporosis research and the goat to a lesser extent. Recently, the pathophysiological mechanism underlying induction of osteoporosis in glucocorticoid-treated ovariectomized aged sheep was clarified, being similar to what occurs in postmenopausal women with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. It was also concluded that the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand was stimulated in the late progressive phase of the osteoporosis induced by steroids in sheep. The knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms at the cellular and molecular levels of the induction of osteoporosis in small ruminants, if identical to humans, will allow in the future, the use of these animal models with greater confidence in the preclinical and translational studies for osteoporosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel R Dias
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences School, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal.
| | - José A Camassa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences School, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João A Bordelo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences School, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Pedro S Babo
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carlos A Viegas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences School, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Nuno Dourado
- CMEMS-UMinho, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4804-533, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuela E Gomes
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark-Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Braga, Portugal
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