Nerve growth factor and substance P may be involved in moist exposed burn ointment-mediated chronic refractory wound healing

Dang-Gui-Bu-Xue decoction improves wound healing in diabetic rats by the activation of Notch signaling

Diabetes serves as a severe chronic disease that severely affects the normal life of human beings. Diabetes causes the complication of diabetic wound dysfunction, which is characterized by sustained inflammation, altered angiogenesis, delayed epithelialization and abnormal secretion of protease. Dang-Gui-Bu-Xue decoction (DBD) is a Chinese traditional medicine that comprises Radix Astragali and Radix Angelicae sinensis and is widely applied in treatment of multiple diseases owing to its functions against inflammation, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the impact of DBD on diabetic wound healing remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the function of DBD in the regulation of wound healing. We observed that the gavage administration of DBD reduced the wound area, inflammatory infiltration, inflammatory factor levesl, and enhanced granulation tissue formation, wound extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and CD31 accumulation in the diabetic rat wound model, and the co-treatment of gavage administration and the external administration of gauze containing DBD further improved the wound healing effect, while the combination of Notch signaling inhibitor DAPT ((N- [N- (3, 5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-s-phenylglycinet-butyl ester)) could attenuate the improvement. Regarding to the mechanism, the expression levels of Notch1, Delta-like canonical Notch ligand 4 (Dll4), Jagged1, and Hairy Enhancer of Split-1 (Hes1) were increased by DBD, while the treatment of DAPT impaired the effect in the rats. Furthermore, we found that the high glucose (HG)-inhibited viability and tube formation were induced by DBD in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), in which DAPT could reverse this effect. Therefore, we concluded that DBD contributed to wound healing by the activation of Notch signaling. Our finding provides new insight into the potential role of DBD in promoting diabetic wound healing.

Diabetic Wound Healing in FGF Expression by Nano Herbal of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa L. and Zanthoxylum acanthopodium Fruits

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Increased glucose levels in diabetes mellitus patients affect angiogenesis which triggers the duration of the wound to heal. &lt;i&gt;Rhodomyrtus tomentosa&lt;/i&gt; leaves (haramonting) and &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium &lt;/i&gt;fruits (andaliman) are an endemic plant with an antioxidant in Indonesia. This study was aimed to determine histology changes of diabetic wound healing in FGF expression by Nano herbal of haramonting and andaliman. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This study consisted of 4 groups for each treatment, K&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;: Negative control, K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;: MEBO, K&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;: Nano herbal of andaliman and K&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;: Nano herbal of haramonting. The treatments were observed on days 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16. Diabetic model rats with alloxan injection (120 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. IP) and rats were declared diabetes mellitus when blood glucose levels reached &lt;u&gt;>&lt;/u&gt;200 mg dL&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;. The tissue was prepared on paraffin blocks and given Immunohistochemistry staining for FGF analysis. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; There was a significant difference between all groups (p<0.001) in FGF expression. The proliferation of fibroblasts and collagen was formed by administering nano herbal andaliman and haramonting in rat's skin. The proliferation of cells that occur in the injured skin layer indicates the compounds contained in the nano herbal haramonting and andaliman stimulate cell division and growth to form wound tissue. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Nano herbal andaliman and haramonting can be developed into herbs that can be used to treat wounds in diabetes. Another molecular gene analysis is required to get higher yields to further study for diabetic wounds against these two herbs.

Effects of Moist Exposed Burn Therapy and Ointment (MEBT/MEBO) on the autophagy mTOR signalling pathway in diabetic ulcer wounds

Context: Burn therapy (MEBT)/moist exposed burn ointment (MEBO) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine method to treat diabetic wound, but the mechanism is unclear. Autophagy has been proved to be closely related with wound healing, so MEBO/MEBT is hypothesized to promote diabetic wound healing by regulating autophagy.Objective: To explore the mechanism of moist exposed MEBT/MEBO promoting diabetic wound repair.Materials and methods: Eighty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control (n = 20) and diabetic group induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (n = 60), which were further randomly assigned to MEBO, Kangfuxin and model groups (n = 20 each). All rats underwent full-thickness skin resection in the back. Wound healing was dynamically observed and wound tissues were collected at five time points for pathological examination, autophagosome and the expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR.Results: The healing time in the control group was the shortest, no statistically significant difference was found between the MEBO and the Kangfuxin group (p = 0.76). The morphology of autophagosomes ranged large to small, which was the most obvious in the MEBO group. The mRNA and protein expression of PI3K, Akt and mTOR in each group reached the peak on Day 5, the levels in the MEBO group were the highest (F = 18.43, 19.97, 15.36, p < 0.05). On Day 11, the expression levels in each group began to decline.Discussion and conclusions: In this study, we discussed the molecular mechanism of MEBT/MEBO promoting the repair of diabetic ulcer wounds through autophagy and PI3K-Akt-mTOR signalling pathway, which provides a new way for drug design in the future.