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Barrientos-Bonilla AA, Pensado-Guevara PB, Nadella R, Sánchez-García ADC, Zavala-Flores LM, Hernandez-Baltazar D. Gliosis induction on locus coeruleus in a living liver donor experimental model: A brief review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:12-15. [PMID: 38164479 PMCID: PMC10722488 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.70847.15389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Living Donor Liver Transplantation (LDLT) is a promising approach to treating end-stage liver diseases, however, some post-operatory complications such as pneumonia, bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and hepatic dysfunction have been reported. In murine models using partial hepatectomy (PHx), a model that emulates LDLT, it has been determined that the synthesis of hepatic cell proliferation factors that are associated with noradrenaline synthesis are produced in locus coeruleus (LC). In addition, studies have shown that PHx decreases GABA and 5-HT2A receptors, promotes loss of dendritic spines, and favors microgliosis in rat hippocampus. The GABA and serotonin-altered circuits suggest that catecholaminergic neurons such as dopamine and noradrenaline neurons, which are highly susceptible to cellular stress, can also be damaged. To understand post-transplant affections and to perform well-controlled studies it is necessary to know the potential causes that explain as a liver surgical procedure can produce brain damage. In this paper, we review several cellular processes that could induce gliosis in LC after rat PHx.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Hernandez-Baltazar
- Investigadores por México CONAHCyT-Instituto de Neuroetología. Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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Kleniewska P, Pawliczak R. Alpha-lipoic acid, apocynin or probiotics influence glutathione status and selected inflammatory parameters in C57/BL6 mice when combined with a low-fat diet. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1166-1176. [PMID: 37730940 PMCID: PMC10539412 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the potential of a low-fat diet (LFD) to protect against oxidative and inflammatory damage in the course of asthma and obesity when combined with antioxidants (alpha-lipoic acid-ALA, apocynin-APO) or a probiotic (P) (Lactobacillus casei). METHODS The experiments were carried out on ten groups of male C57/BL6 mice that were fed standard fat (SFD), low-fat (LFD), or high-fat (HFD) diets. Ovalbumin (OVA, administered subcutaneously and by inhalation) was used to sensitize the animals. IL-1α, IL-10, eotaxin-1, leptin, and TNF-α concentrations were examined in blood, while total glutathione (GSHt), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and -SH groups were measured in lung homogenates. RESULTS LFD in combination with the analyzed compounds (APO, P, ALA) significantly decreased the concentration of IL-1α compared to the OVA + HFD group (p < 0.01; p = 0.025; p = 0.002, respectively). Similarly, the treated mice demonstrated lower eotaxin-1 concentrations compared to the HFD group (p < 0.001). Moreover, supplementation of LFD with probiotics significantly increased the concentration of IL-10 vs. controls (p < 0.001) and vs. untreated OVA-sensitized and challenged/obese mice (p < 0.001). Animals administered APO/ALA with LFD displayed a significant decrease in TNF-α concentration compared to OVA + HFD mice (p = 0.013; p = 0.002 respectively). Those treated with ALA displayed significantly improved GSH levels (p = 0.035) compared to OVA + HFD mice. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation of the tested compounds with LFD appears to have a positive influence on the glutathione redox status of pulmonary tissues and selected inflammatory parameters in mouse blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kleniewska
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rafał Pawliczak
- Department of Immunopathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9 (Bldg 2 Rm 177), 90-752, Łódź, Poland
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Lal R, Dharavath RN, Chopra K. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cognitive Impairments by Modulating Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress via NRF-2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in the Rat Hippocampus. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03914-y. [PMID: 37017891 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is a common complication associated with the use of chemotherapeutics. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing anticancer agent capable of causing potential neurotoxic effects via cytokine-induced oxidative and nitrosative damage to brain tissues. On the other hand, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a nutritional supplement, is reputable for its excellent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Consequently, the objective of the current investigation was to examine any potential neuroprotective and memory-improving benefits of ALA against DOX-induced behavioral and neurological anomalies. DOX (2 mg/kg/week, i.p.) was administrated for 4 weeks to Sprague-Dawley rats. ALA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was administered for 4 weeks. The Morris water maze (MWM) and novel objective recognition task (NORT) tests were used to assess memory function. Biochemical assays with UV-visible spectrophotometry were used to analyze oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonylation (PCO)], endogenous antioxidants [reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)] and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in hippocampal tissue. Inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)], nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF-2) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were measured in hippocampus tissue using 2-7-dichlorofluorescein-diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay with fluorimetry. ALA treatment significantly protected against DOX-induced memory impairment. Furthermore, ALA restored hippocampal antioxidants, halted DOX-induced oxidative and inflammatory insults via upregulation of NRF-2/HO-1 levels, and alleviated the increase in NF-κB expression. These results indicate that ALA offers neuroprotection against DOX-induced cognitive impairment, which could be attributed to its antioxidant potential via the NRF-2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Lal
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Pharmacology Division, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Ravinder Naik Dharavath
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Pharmacology Division, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Kanwaljit Chopra
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Pharmacology Division, UGC Centre of Advanced Studies, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Mahdavi MS, Nasehi M, Vaseghi S, Mousavi Z, Zarrindast MR. The effect of alpha lipoic acid on passive avoidance and social interaction memory, pain perception, and locomotor activity in REM sleep-deprived rats. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 73:102-110. [PMID: 33000413 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00161-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows the vital role of sleep in the modulation of cognitive functions. Sleep deprivation (SD) can disrupt learning and memory processes. SD also affects pain perception and locomotor activity. Furthermore, alpha lipoic acid (ALA) may induce antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. ALA affects memory processes, pain subthreshold, and locomotor activity. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of REM (rapid-eye movement) SD and ALA on social and passive avoidance memory, locomotor activity, and pain perception. METHODS Multiple-platform apparatus was used to induce REM SD for 24 h. Three-chamber paradigm test, the shuttle box, locomotion apparatus, and hot plate were used to assess social interaction memory, passive avoidance memory, locomotor activity, and pain perception, respectively. ALA was injected intraperitoneally at the doses of 35 and 70 mg/kg. RESULTS 24 h REM SD impaired both types of memory. In addition, ALA (35 mg/kg) reversed REM SD-induced memory impairments. However, ALA (70 mg/kg) impaired social memory with no effect on REM SD-induced memory impairments. ALA (70 mg/kg) also decreased pain subthreshold in REM SD rats. CONCLUSION REM SD impairs social interaction and passive avoidance memory. Furthermore, ALA may exhibit a dose-dependent manner in some cognitive tasks. ALA can induce a therapeutic effect at one dose, and an impairment effect at another dose (lower or higher), while the cognitive task and the conditions are equal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadese Sadat Mahdavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Woodward TJ, Tesic V, Stamenic TT, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Todorovic SM. Pharmacological Antagonism of T-Type Calcium Channels Constrains Rebound Burst Firing in Two Distinct Subpopulations of GABA Neurons in the Rat Ventral Tegmental Area: Implications for α-Lipoic Acid. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1402. [PMID: 31849661 PMCID: PMC6889856 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a midbrain region highly involved in motivation and reward. A large body of work has investigated synaptic plasticity and ion channel excitability in this area, which has strong implication in drug abuse. We recently provided electrophysiological and pharmacological evidence that the CaV3.1 isoform of T-type voltage-gated calcium channels contributes to the excitability of VTA dopamine (DA) neurons. However, the role of T-channels in excitability of VTA gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA) neurons remained unaddressed. Here, with a population study of rat VTA GABA neurons, we provide evidence that T-channels contribute to rebound spiking activity in two phenotypically distinct subpopulations of GABAergic neurons, each with differing electrophysiological characteristics. Additionally, we provide the first study to investigate the effect of α-lipoic acid (ALA) on ion channels in mesolimbic reward circuitry. Taken together, our population study and pharmacology experiments implicate T-channels as a target for therapies aimed at tempering VTA and mesolimbic circuit excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Joel Woodward
- Program in Neuroscience, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Vesna Tesic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | | | - Slobodan M Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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