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Deng L, Han X, Wang Z, Nie X, Bian J. The Landscape of Noncoding RNA in Pulmonary Hypertension. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060796. [PMID: 35740920 PMCID: PMC9220981 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcriptome of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is complex and highly genetically heterogeneous, with noncoding RNA transcripts playing crucial roles. The majority of RNAs in the noncoding transcriptome are long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with less circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are two characteristics gaining increasing attention in the forefront of RNA research field. These noncoding transcripts (especially lncRNAs and circRNAs) exert important regulatory functions in PH and emerge as potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Recent technological advancements have established great momentum for discovery and functional characterization of ncRNAs, which include broad transcriptome sequencing such as bulk RNA-sequence, single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, and RNA-protein/RNA interactions. In this review, we summarize the current research on the classification, biogenesis, and the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of these noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in the pulmonary vascular remodeling in PH. Furthermore, we highlight the utility and challenges of using these ncRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutics in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Ziping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Nie
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital (The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence: (X.N.); (J.B.)
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (L.D.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.N.); (J.B.)
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Wu C, Ha Y, Zou Y, Liao X, Zhang S, Zhang X, Li R, Xing J, Jie W, Guo J, Li J, Shen Z. Pathologic role of peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 in pulmonary artery remodeling. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:11162-11177. [PMID: 34786049 PMCID: PMC8581927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 is crucial for cell proliferation, but its role in pulmonary artery remodeling (PAR) is unclear. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the expression and contribution of Pin1 in PAR. Treatment with Pin1 inhibitor Juglone or Pin1-specific siRNAs ameliorated the expression of Pin1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) in vitro, and Juglone treatment arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase. Treatment with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) also enhanced Pin1 expression and PASMC proliferation. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that Pin1 and PCNA expression levels were increased and positively correlated with each other in PAR samples from humans and monocrotaline-treated Sprague-Dawley rats; these proteins were mainly localized in arteries undergoing remodeling, as well as inflammatory cells, and hyperplastic bronchial epithelial cells. Intraperitoneal injection of Juglone also led to morphologic and hemodynamic changes in PAR rats. Additionally, PAR rats displayed higher serum and lung TGF-β1 levels compared with controls, while administration of Juglone to PAR rats suppressed serum and lung TGF-β1 levels. The findings in this study suggest that TGF-β1 and Pin1 constitute a positive feedback loop, which plays an important role in the pathophysiology of PAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Wu
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanping Ha
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan Zou
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaomin Liao
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuya Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical UniveraityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical UniveraityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Rujia Li
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingci Xing
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical UniveraityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Junli Guo
- Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical UniveraityHaikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Jingquan Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pathology & Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Guangdong Medical UniversityZhanjiang 524023, Guangdong, China
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Role of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Cells 2021; 10:cells10081892. [PMID: 34440661 PMCID: PMC8394897 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a debilitating condition of the pulmonary circulatory system that occurs in patients of all ages and if untreated, eventually leads to right heart failure and death. Despite existing medical treatment options that improve survival and quality of life, the disease remains incurable. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapies to treat this disease. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in pulmonary vascular remodeling and PAH. LncRNAs are implicated in pulmonary arterial endothelial dysfunction by modulating endothelial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, endothelial mesenchymal transition, and metabolism. LncRNAs are also involved in inducing different pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, regulation of the phenotypic switching, and cell cycle. LncRNAs are essential regulators of gene expression that affect various diseases at the chromatin, transcriptional, post-translational, and even post-translational levels. Here, we focus on the role of LncRNAs and their molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of PAH. We also discuss the current research challenge and potential biomarker and therapeutic potentials of lncRNAs in PAH.
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