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Park HW, Park H, Semple IA, Jang I, Ro SH, Kim M, Cazares VA, Stuenkel EL, Kim JJ, Kim JS, Lee JH. Pharmacological correction of obesity-induced autophagy arrest using calcium channel blockers. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4834. [PMID: 25189398 PMCID: PMC4157315 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy deregulation during obesity contributes to the pathogenesis of diverse metabolic disorders. However, without understanding the molecular mechanism of obesity interference in autophagy, development of therapeutic strategies for correcting such defects in obese individuals is challenging. Here we show that chronic increase of cytosolic calcium concentration in hepatocytes upon obesity and lipotoxicity attenuates autophagic flux by preventing the fusion between autophagosomes and lysosomes. As a pharmacological approach to restore cytosolic calcium homeostasis in vivo, we administered the clinically approved calcium channel blocker verapamil to obese mice. Such treatment successfully increases autophagosome-lysosome fusion in liver, preventing accumulation of protein inclusions and lipid droplets and suppressing inflammation and insulin resistance. As calcium channel blockers have been safely used in clinics for the treatment of hypertension for more than thirty years, our results suggest they may be a safe therapeutic option for restoring autophagic flux and treating metabolic pathologies in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan-Woo Park
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Haeli Park
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Ian A Semple
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Insook Jang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Seung-Hyun Ro
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Myungjin Kim
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Victor A Cazares
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Edward L Stuenkel
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Jung-Jae Kim
- School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jeong Sig Kim
- 1] Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA [2] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 140-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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