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Benedetti F, Curreli S, Gallo RC, Zella D. Exogenous bacterial DnaK increases protein kinases activity in human cancer cell lines. J Transl Med 2021; 19:60. [PMID: 33563293 PMCID: PMC7871384 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of molecular mechanisms underlying tumor cell signaling highlighted a critical role for kinases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. To this regard, protein kinases regulates a number of critical cellular pathways by adding phosphate groups to specific substrates. For this reason, their involvement in the complex interactions between the human microbiota and cancer cells to determine therapy and tumor progression outcome is becoming increasingly relevant. Mycoplasmas are components of the normal human microbiota, and several species have also been associated to human diseases, including certain cancers. It is also important to note that Mycoplasmas and their proteins are a component of the common tumor microenvironment. In addition, several epidemiological, in vivo and in vitro studies indicate a close involvement of Mycoplasmas in cellular transformation and cancer progression. METHODS In this study, we investigate the effect of exogenous Mycoplasma DnaK on kinases activity by treating in vitro four different eukaryotic cancer cell lines, namely lung and prostate cancer, colon adenocarcinoma, and neuroblastoma. Phosphorylation of kinases and specific substrates was measured at 20 and 60 min. RESULTS Kinome analysis of our data indicates that Mycoplasma DnaK promotes the dysregulation of the activity of specific kinases and their substrates, with a known involvement in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. CONCLUSIONS Given the similarity in structure and amino acid composition of this protein with other bacterial DnaKs we provide a novel mechanism whereby components of the human microbiota and present in the tumor microenvironment are able to deregulate phosphorylation events occurring during carcinogenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Sabrina Curreli
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Robert C Gallo
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virology and Global Virus Network Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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2
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Zhou J, Zhu Y, Liu Y, Niu P, Chen H, Deng J, Shi D. High PRAS40 mRNA expression and its role in prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Transl Androl Urol 2020; 9:1650-1660. [PMID: 32944526 PMCID: PMC7475688 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common type of kidney malignancy. The proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa (PRAS40) plays an important role in tumor growth. The present study aimed to analysis the prognostic value of PRAS40 mRNA expression in ccRCC. Methods We analyzed the PRAS40 mRNA expression using the data from TCGA-KIRC cohort. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to assessed the diagnostic value of PRAS40 mRNA expression in ccRCC. Chi-square test was used to analyzed the correlation between clinical characteristics and PRAS40 mRNA expression. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox analysis were performed to determine the prognostic value of PRAS40 mRNA expression in ccRCC. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted using TCGA database. Results Our results revealed that PRAS40 mRNA expression was higher in ccRCC tissues than in normal tissues. PRAS40 presented a moderate diagnostic value in ccRCC. High PRAS40 mRNA expression was correlated with histological grade, clinical stage, T classification, distant metastasis and vital status of ccRCC. High PRAS40 mRNA expression was associated with poor overall survival. Furthermore, Multivariate analysis revealed that PRAS40 was an independent risk factor for ccRCC patients. Myc targets, DNA repair, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, adipogenesis, p53 pathway, reactive oxygen species pathway, myogenesis were differentially enriched in the phenotype that positively correlated with PRAS40. Conclusions In conclusion, our results suggest that PRAS40 was a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintuo Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peiguang Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huajiao Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Daohua Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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3
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Raglan O, Assi N, Nautiyal J, Lu H, Gabra H, Gunter MJ, Kyrgiou M. Proteomic analysis of malignant and benign endometrium according to obesity and insulin-resistance status using Reverse Phase Protein Array. Transl Res 2020; 218:57-72. [PMID: 31954096 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and hyperinsulinemia are known risk factors for endometrial cancer, yet the biological pathways underlying this relationship are incompletely understood. This study investigated protein expression in endometrial cancer and benign tissue and its correlation with obesity and insulin resistance. One hundred and seven women undergoing hysterectomy for endometrial cancer or benign conditions provided a fasting blood sample and endometrial tissue. We performed proteomic expression according to body mass index, insulin resistance, and serum marker levels. We used linear regression and independent t test for statistical analysis. Proteomic data from 560 endometrial cancer cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databank were used to assess reproducibility of results. One hundred and twenty seven proteins were significantly differentially expressed between 66 cancer and 26 benign patients. Protein expression involved in cell cycle progression, impacting cytoskeletal dynamics (PAK1) and cell survival (Rab 25), were most significantly altered. Obese women with cancer had increased PRAS40_pT246; a downstream marker of increased PI3K-AKT signaling. Obese women without cancer had increased mitogenic and antiapoptotic signaling by way of upregulation of Mcl-1, DUSP4, and Insulin Receptor-b. This exploratory study identified a number of candidate proteins specific to endometrioid endometrial cancer and benign endometrial tissues. Obesity and insulin resistance in women with benign endometrium leads to specific upregulation of proteins involved in insulin and driver oncogenic signaling pathways such as the PI3K-AKT-mTOR and growth factor signaling pathways which are mitogenic and also disruptive to metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Raglan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Nada Assi
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Jaya Nautiyal
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Haonan Lu
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hani Gabra
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Early Clinical Development, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK; Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea - Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
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4
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LU Y, LI L, WU G, ZHUO H, LIU G, CAI J. Effect of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway on PRAS40Thr246 Phosphorylation in Gastric Cancer Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:2196-2204. [PMID: 31993387 PMCID: PMC6974862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the effect of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on PRAS40Thr246 phosphorylation in gastric cancer cells. METHODS The study was conducted from April 2017 to January 2018 in Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. Gastric cancer cells were divided into three groups: gastric cancer cell group, LY294002 group and MK-2206 group. Specific tests were conducted accordingly. RESULTS Inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation and PRAS40Thr246 phosphorylation could inhibit proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, and PRAS40Thr246 phosphorylation could activate PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The levels of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related proteins and p-PRAS40Thr246 were significantly increased in gastric cancer cells. p-PRAS40-Thr246 was able to reflect the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, reflecting the sensitivity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhuo LU
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China,Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medcine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Lianghui LI
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Guoyang WU
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Huiqin ZHUO
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medcine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Guoyan LIU
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Jianchun CAI
- Institute of Gastrointestinal Oncology, School of Medcine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, P.R. China,Corresponding Author:
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Subbannayya T, Leal-Rojas P, Zhavoronkov A, Ozerov IV, Korzinkin M, Babu N, Radhakrishnan A, Chavan S, Raja R, Pinto SM, Patil AH, Barbhuiya MA, Kumar P, Guerrero-Preston R, Navani S, Tiwari PK, Kumar RV, Prasad TSK, Roa JC, Pandey A, Sidransky D, Gowda H, Izumchenko E, Chatterjee A. PIM1 kinase promotes gallbladder cancer cell proliferation via inhibition of proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa (PRAS40). J Cell Commun Signal 2019; 13:163-177. [PMID: 30666556 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-018-00503-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare malignancy, associated with poor disease prognosis with a 5-year survival of only 20%. This has been attributed to late presentation of the disease, lack of early diagnostic markers and limited efficacy of therapeutic interventions. Elucidation of molecular events in GBC can contribute to better management of the disease by aiding in the identification of therapeutic targets. To identify aberrantly activated signaling events in GBC, tandem mass tag-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of five GBC cell lines was carried out. Proline-rich Akt substrate 40 kDa (PRAS40) was one of the proteins found to be hyperphosphorylated in all the invasive GBC cell lines. Tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical labeling of phospho-PRAS40 (T246) revealed moderate to strong staining in 77% of the primary gallbladder adenocarcinoma cases. Regulation of PRAS40 activity by inhibiting its upstream kinase PIM1 resulted in a significant decrease in cell proliferation, colony forming and invasive ability of GBC cells. Our results support the role of PRAS40 phosphorylation in GBC cell survival and aggressiveness. This study also elucidates phospho-PRAS40 as a clinical marker in GBC and the role of PIM1 as a therapeutic target in GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Subbannayya
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Pamela Leal-Rojas
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT) &Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Ivan V Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Mikhail Korzinkin
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Aneesha Radhakrishnan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Sandip Chavan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Remya Raja
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Sneha M Pinto
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Arun H Patil
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Mustafa A Barbhuiya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India
| | - Rafael Guerrero-Preston
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB II, 5M05C, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | | | - Pramod K Tiwari
- Centre for Genomics, Molecular and Human Genetics, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, 474011, India.,School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, 474011, India
| | - Rekha Vijay Kumar
- Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.,NIMHANS-IOB Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, Millenium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy (IMII), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB II, 5M05C, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB II, 5M05C, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560066, India. .,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575018, India.
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6
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Wu X, Xing X, Dowlut D, Zeng Y, Liu J, Liu X. Integrating phosphoproteomics into kinase-targeted cancer therapies in precision medicine. J Proteomics 2019; 191:68-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Cheng J, Fu S, Wei C, Tania M, Khan MA, Imani S, Zhou B, Chen H, Xiao X, Wu J, Fu J. Evaluation of PIK3CA mutations as a biomarker in Chinese breast carcinomas from Western China. Cancer Biomark 2018; 19:85-92. [PMID: 28269754 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PIK3CA gene encodes the p110 α catalytic subunit of the oncoprotein phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 K) which regulates many biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival through the activation of various signaling pathways. OBJECTIVE In this study, we have investigated the possible somatic mutations in PIK3CA gene in invasive ductal breast carcinomas of Chinese women from Western China. METHODS Genomic DNA was extracted from the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples. The hotspot mutations in PIK3CA gene of exon 9 and exon 20 were studied by pyrosequencing. RESULTS The sequencing identified two hotspot mutations in exon 20 of one cancer samples at p. H1047L (c. 3140A > T) and eight cancer sample at p. H1047R (c. 3140A > G). No mutation in exon 9 of PIK3CA gene was found in these breast cancer tissue samples. PIK3CA mutations showed surprising clinicopathological features in breast cancer patients, as incidence of lymph node invasiveness is increased in the patients with PIK3CA mutation. In addition, all the patients showed tumor size bigger than 3 cm in diameter. It is important that for early detection and early treatment for BC in developing countries or areas like Western China, and for people to provide popularization education using scientific knowledge in cancer fields. CONCLUSIONS This study identified PIK3CA mutations in breast carcinoma patients of Western China that will enable a more rapid molecular diagnosis, and provide a stronger rationale evidence for development of precision therapeutic approaches as well as promising therapeutic targets for breast cancer treatment or patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.,Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Shangyi Fu
- Honors College, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.,Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chunli Wei
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 999078, China.,Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Mousumi Tania
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Md Asaduzzaman Khan
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Saber Imani
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Baixu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Hanchun Chen
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciencesand the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiuli Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Jingbo Wu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Junjiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetics and Oncology, The Research Center for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau (SAR) 999078, China.,Judicial Authentication Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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8
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Chong ZZ. Targeting PRAS40 for multiple diseases. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1222-31. [PMID: 27086010 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Proline-rich Akt substrate 40kDa (PRAS40) bridges cell signaling between protein kinase B (Akt) and the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Both Akt and mTORC1 can phosphorylate PRAS40. As a negative regulator of mTORC1, PRAS40 prevents the binding of mTOR to its substrates. The phosphorylation of PRAS40 results in its dissociation from mTORC1 and enhanced mTOR activation. PRAS40 in conjunction with mTORC1 has been closely associated with programmed cell death and is implicated in diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurological diseases. Thus, targeting PRAS40 might hold great promise for innovative therapeutic strategies for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhong Chong
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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9
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Dirican E, Akkiprik M, Özer A. Mutation distributions and clinical correlations of PIK3CA gene mutations in breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:7033-45. [PMID: 26921096 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most common cancer and the second cause of death among women. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway has a crucial role in the cellular processes such as cell survival, growth, division, and motility. Moreover, oncogenic mutations in the PI3K pathway generally involve the activation phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase-catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation which has been identified in numerous BCa subtypes. In this review, correlations between PIK3CA mutations and their clinicopathological parameters on BCa will be described. It is reported that PIK3CA mutations which have been localized mostly on exon 9 and 20 hot spots are detected 25-40 % in BCa. This relatively high frequency can offer an advantage for choosing the best treatment options for BCa. PIK3CA mutations may be used as biomarkers and have been major focus of drug development in cancer with the first clinical trials of PI3K pathway inhibitors currently in progress. Screening of PIK3CA gene mutations might be useful genetic tests for targeted therapeutics or diagnosis. Increasing data about PIK3CA mutations and its clinical correlations with BCa will help to introduce new clinical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebubekir Dirican
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Başıbüyük Mah., Maltepe Başıbüyük Yolu Sok., No: 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Akkiprik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Başıbüyük Mah., Maltepe Başıbüyük Yolu Sok., No: 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayşe Özer
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Başıbüyük Mah., Maltepe Başıbüyük Yolu Sok., No: 9/1, 34854, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
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10
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Liko D, Hall MN. mTOR in health and in sickness. J Mol Med (Berl) 2015; 93:1061-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-015-1326-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Proline-rich AKT substrate of 40-kDa (PRAS40) in the pathophysiology of cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:161-6. [PMID: 26003731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway has been reported in various pathologies, such as cancer and insulin resistance. The proline-rich AKT substrate of 40-kDa (PRAS40), also known as AKT substrate 1 (AKT1S1), lies at the crossroads of these cascades and inhibits the activity of the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase. This review discusses the role of PRAS40 and possible feedback mechanisms, and alterations in AKT/PRAS40/mTOR signaling that have been implicated in the pathogenesis of tumor progression. Additionally, we probed new datasets extracted from Oncomine, a cancer microarray database containing datasets derived from patient samples, to further understand the role of PRAS40 (AKT1S1). These data strongly supports the hypothesis that PRAS40 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for various cancers.
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