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Xia J, Bu C, Zhang B, Wang X, Chen Y, Li T. The emerging role of microRNA-22 in the Leukemia: experimental and clinical implications. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 51:12. [PMID: 38085373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08922-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs, approximately 20-24 nucleotides long that negatively regulate gene expression by either inhibiting translation or cleaving complementary mRNA to participate in various biological processes. Accumulating evidence has indicated that miRNAs are widely present in hematological cancers, particularly leukemia, exhibiting either upregulation or downregulation in leukemia patients compared with healthy controls. These miRNAs have a pivotal role in the development, progression and metastasis of leukemia, as well as in the prognosis and/or relapse of patients. miR-22 is one of the abnormally expressed miRNAs in a variety of leukemia diseases, and is considered to be one of the few cancer suppressors. Recent research has demonstrated that miR-22 is involved in the regulation of leukemia cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and could be a promising biomarker and prognostic indicator for leukemia. Here, we summarize all relevant findings that carry out experimental investigation and clinical analyses, aiming to elucidate the comprehensive implications of miR-22 in various types of leukemia for the development of new therapeutic and prognostic strategies and new drug targets for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaozhi Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Xingqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
- The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuejuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Research Institute for Reproductive Health and Genetic Diseases, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214002, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Children's Hospital), Wuxi, 214023, Jiangsu, China.
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miR-22 Suppresses EMT by Mediating Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer through Targeting MYC-Associated Factor X. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:7843565. [PMID: 36061355 PMCID: PMC9436592 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7843565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent gastrointestinal cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to be unusually expressed in CRC progression and thus alter multiple pathological processes in CRC cells. However, the specific roles and mechanisms of miR-22 in CRC have not been clearly reported. MicroRNA-22 (miR-22) and MYC-associated factor X (MAX) expressions were determined by RT-qPCR in CRC tissues and cells. The targeted regulatory effects of miR-22 and MAX were confirmed by luciferase reporter and coimmunoprecipitation assays. Also, gain- and loss-of-function and rescue experiments were used to elucidate the function and mechanism of miR-22 and MAX in CRC cells and the mouse xenograft model. We discovered that miR-22 was hypermethylated and downregulated, while MAX was upregulated in CRC. miR-22 markedly inhibited migration, invasion, glycolysis, and cancer stem cell transcription factors in CRC cells. In addition, it was found that miR-22 can directly target MAX. Additional functional experiments confirmed that MAX overexpression can rescue the effects of miR-22 on the behavior of CRC cells. This study suggested that miR-22, as a cancer suppressor, participates in CRC progression by targeting MAX, which might provide basic information for therapeutic targets for CRC.
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Functional Screen for microRNAs Suppressing Anchorage-Independent Growth in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094791. [PMID: 35563182 PMCID: PMC9100801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The progression of anchorage-dependent epithelial cells to anchorage-independent growth represents a critical hallmark of malignant transformation. Using an in vitro model of human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced transformation, we previously showed that acquisition of anchorage-independent growth is associated with marked (epi)genetic changes, including altered expression of microRNAs. However, the laborious nature of the conventional growth method in soft agar to measure this phenotype hampers a high-throughput analysis. We developed alternative functional screening methods using 96- and 384-well ultra-low attachment plates to systematically investigate microRNAs regulating anchorage-independent growth. SiHa cervical cancer cells were transfected with a microRNA mimic library (n = 2019) and evaluated for cell viability. We identified 84 microRNAs that consistently suppressed growth in three independent experiments. Further validation in three cell lines and comparison of growth in adherent and ultra-low attachment plates yielded 40 microRNAs that specifically reduced anchorage-independent growth. In conclusion, ultra-low attachment plates are a promising alternative for soft-agar assays to study anchorage-independent growth and are suitable for high-throughput functional screening. Anchorage independence suppressing microRNAs identified through our screen were successfully validated in three cell lines. These microRNAs may provide specific biomarkers for detecting and treating HPV-induced precancerous lesions progressing to invasive cancer, the most critical stage during cervical cancer development.
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The overexpression of Tipe2 in CRC cells suppresses survival while endogenous Tipe2 accelerates AOM/DSS induced-tumor initiation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1001. [PMID: 34702807 PMCID: PMC8548391 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a natural and progressive process characterized by an increased frequency of age-related diseases such as cancer. But its mechanism is unclear. TNFAIP8L2 (Tipe2) is an important negative regulator for homeostasis through inhibiting TLR and TCR signaling. Our work reveals that Tipe2 might have dual function by regulating senescence. One side, the overexpression of Tipe2 in CRC cells could induce typical senescent phenotype, especially exposure to oxidative stress. Tipe2 inhibits telomerase activity by regulating c-Myc and c-Est-2 binding to the hTERT promotor. Interestingly, Tipe2 KO mice treated with D-Gal showed a less serious inverse of CD4:CD8 ratio, a lower percentage of Treg compared to WT. Besides, Tipe2 KO mice were more tolerant to the initiation of AOM/DSS-induced CRC, accompanied by a lower level of Treg within IEL. Therefore, specific antibodies against CD25 effectively ameliorate tumorigenesis. These data suggest strongly that the overexpressed Tipe2 suppresses tumor cells proliferation and survival, but endogenous Tipe2 promotes the initiation of tumorigenesis when exposure to dangerous environment such as AOM/DSS-related inflammation.
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Wei M, Wang J, He Q, Liu L, Wang Z. AC016405.3 functions as an oncogenic long non-coding RNA by regulating ERBB3 via sponging miR-22-3p in breast cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23952. [PMID: 34403532 PMCID: PMC8418490 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing studies reported that long non‐coding RNAs are involved in regulating breast cancer (BRCA) progression. However, the specific roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in BRCA remain largely unknown. Here, we sought to explore the functions and mechanisms of AC016405.3 in BRCA progression. Methods Bioinformatic analysis for AC016405.3, miR‐22‐3p, and ERBB3 were performed on starBase. The expressions of AC016405.3, miR‐22‐3p, and ERBB3 were examined by RT‐qPCR. The functions of AC016405.3 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cells were evaluated by conducting CCK‐8, colony formation, wound‐healing, and Transwell assays. The subcellular distribution of AC016405.3 in BRCA cells was identified by performing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and subcellular fractionation techniques. Dual‐luciferase assay was applied to validate the interactions of miR‐22‐3p with AC016405.3 or ERBB3. The interaction between ERBB3 and miR‐22‐3p was also tested by Anti‐Ago2 RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Results The results showed that AC016405.3 is highly expressed in BRCA tissues as well as cells and positively correlated with poor prognosis in BRCA patients. Silencing AC016405.3 obviously repressed the malignant behaviors of BRCA cells. Mechanistically, AC016405.3 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR‐22‐3p in the cytoplasm and sponged miR‐22‐3p to release its suppression of ERBB3. Rescue experiments revealed that the suppression role induced by AC016405.3 depletion on malignant behaviors of BRCA cells could be obviously counter by inhibiting miR‐22‐3p or overexpressing ERBB3. Conclusion AC016405.3 promotes BRCA progression by the derepression of ERBB3 via sponging miR‐22‐3p, which may represent a potential target for BRCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wei
- Department of Breast, School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Breast, School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Breast, School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Breast, School of Medicine, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
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Emami Nejad A, Najafgholian S, Rostami A, Sistani A, Shojaeifar S, Esparvarinha M, Nedaeinia R, Haghjooy Javanmard S, Taherian M, Ahmadlou M, Salehi R, Sadeghi B, Manian M. The role of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and development of cancer stem cell: a novel approach to developing treatment. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:62. [PMID: 33472628 PMCID: PMC7816485 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors, and develops because of the rapid growth of the tumor that outstrips the oxygen supply, and impaired blood flow due to the formation of abnormal blood vessels supplying the tumor. It has been reported that tumor hypoxia can: activate angiogenesis, thereby enhancing invasiveness and risk of metastasis; increase survival of tumor, as well as suppress anti-tumor immunity and hamper the therapeutic response. Hypoxia mediates these effects by several potential mechanisms: altering gene expression, the activation of oncogenes, inactivation of suppressor genes, reducing genomic stability and clonal selection. We have reviewed the effects of hypoxia on tumor biology and the possible strategiesto manage the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the potential use of cancer stem cells in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Emami Nejad
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O.Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Najafgholian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alireza Rostami
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine Amiralmomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alireza Sistani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine Valiasr Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Samaneh Shojaeifar
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak, Iran
| | - Mojgan Esparvarinha
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Taherian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ahmadlou
- Sciences Medical of University Arak, Hospital Amiralmomenin, Center Development Research Clinical, Arak, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Sadeghi
- Department of Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 3848176341, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Science Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Imam Khomeini Campus, Farhikhtegan Bld., Shahid J'afari St., Kermanshah, 3848176341, Iran.
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarabi A, Hushmandi K, Moghadam ER, Hashemi F, Daneshi S, Hashemi F, Tavakol S, Mohammadinejad R, Najafi M, Dudha N, Garg M. C-Myc Signaling Pathway in Treatment and Prevention of Brain Tumors. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:2-20. [PMID: 33069197 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666201016121005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors are responsible for high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several factors such as the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB), sensitive location in the brain, and unique biological features challenge the treatment of brain tumors. The conventional drugs are no longer effective in the treatment of brain tumors, and scientists are trying to find novel therapeutics for brain tumors. In this way, identification of molecular pathways can facilitate finding an effective treatment. c-Myc is an oncogene signaling pathway capable of regulation of biological processes such as apoptotic cell death, proliferation, survival, differentiation, and so on. These pleiotropic effects of c-Myc have resulted in much fascination with its role in different cancers, particularly brain tumors. In the present review, we aim to demonstrate the upstream and down-stream mediators of c-Myc in brain tumors such as glioma, glioblastoma, astrocytoma, and medulloblastoma. The capacity of c-Myc as a prognostic factor in brain tumors will be investigated. Our goal is to define an axis in which the c-Myc signaling pathway plays a crucial role and to provide direction for therapeutic targeting in these signaling networks in brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Universite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanli, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Rahmani Moghadam
- Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- DVM. Graduated, Young Researcher and Elite Club, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazeroon, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Fardin Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Department of physiotherapy, Faculty of rehabilitation, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shima Tavakol
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadinejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7619813159, Iran
| | - Masoud Najafi
- Medical Technology Research Center, Institute of Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Namrata Dudha
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, School of Sciences, Noida International University, Gautam Budh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201313, India
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