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Wang F, Liang L, Yu M, Wang W, Badar IH, Bao Y, Zhu K, Li Y, Shafi S, Li D, Diao Y, Efferth T, Xue Z, Hua X. Advances in antitumor activity and mechanism of natural steroidal saponins: A review of advances, challenges, and future prospects. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155432. [PMID: 38518645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer, the second leading cause of death worldwide following cardiovascular diseases, presents a formidable challenge in clinical settings due to the extensive toxic side effects associated with primary chemotherapy drugs employed for cancer treatment. Furthermore, the emergence of drug resistance against specific chemotherapeutic agents has further complicated the situation. Consequently, there exists an urgent imperative to investigate novel anticancer drugs. Steroidal saponins, a class of natural compounds, have demonstrated notable antitumor efficacy. Nonetheless, their translation into clinical applications has remained unrealized thus far. In light of this, we conducted a comprehensive systematic review elucidating the antitumor activity, underlying mechanisms, and inherent limitations of steroidal saponins. Additionally, we propose a series of strategic approaches and recommendations to augment the antitumor potential of steroidal saponin compounds, thereby offering prospective insights for their eventual clinical implementation. PURPOSE This review summarizes steroidal saponins' antitumor activity, mechanisms, and limitations. METHODS The data included in this review are sourced from authoritative databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and others. RESULTS A comprehensive summary of over 40 steroidal saponin compounds with proven antitumor activity, including their applicable tumor types and structural characteristics, has been compiled. These steroidal saponins can be primarily classified into five categories: spirostanol, isospirostanol, furostanol, steroidal alkaloids, and cholestanol. The isospirostanol and cholestanol saponins are found to have more potent antitumor activity. The primary antitumor mechanisms of these saponins include tumor cell apoptosis, autophagy induction, inhibition of tumor migration, overcoming drug resistance, and cell cycle arrest. However, steroidal saponins have limitations, such as higher cytotoxicity and lower bioavailability. Furthermore, strategies to address these drawbacks have been proposed. CONCLUSION In summary, isospirostanol and cholestanol steroidal saponins demonstrate notable antitumor activity and different structural categories of steroidal saponins exhibit variations in their antitumor signaling pathways. However, the clinical application of steroidal saponins in cancer treatment still faces limitations, and further research and development are necessary to advance their potential in tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengge Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Lu Liang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, PR, PR China
| | - Ma Yu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Iftikhar Hussain Badar
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, PR China; Department of Meat Science and Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Yongping Bao
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Zhu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Yanlin Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Saba Shafi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Dangdang Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Yongchao Diao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany.
| | - Zheyong Xue
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China.
| | - Xin Hua
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, PR China.
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Wang N, Li CY, Yao TF, Kang XD, Guo HS. OSW-1 triggers necroptosis in colorectal cancer cells through the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway facilitated by the RIPK1-p62/SQSTM1 complex. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:2155-2174. [PMID: 38681991 PMCID: PMC11045482 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i15.2155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necroptosis has emerged as a novel molecular pathway that can be targeted by chemotherapy agents in the treatment of cancer. OSW-1, which is derived from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae Baker, exerts a wide range of pharmacological effects. AIM To explore whether OSW-1 can induce necroptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, thereby expanding its range of clinical applications. METHODS We performed a sequence of functional experiments, including Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry analysis, to assess the inhibitory effect of OSW-1 on CRC cells. We utilized quantitative proteomics, employing tandem mass tag labeling combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, to analyze changes in protein expression. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis was conducted to elucidate the biological processes associated with the identified proteins. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence studies were also performed to examine the effects of OSW-1 on necroptosis. Finally, western blotting, siRNA experiments, and immunoprecipitation were employed to evaluate protein interactions within CRC cells. RESULTS The results revealed that OSW-1 exerted a strong inhibitory effect on CRC cells, and this effect was accompanied by a necroptosis-like morphology that was observable via TEM. OSW-1 was shown to trigger necroptosis via activation of the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL pathway. Furthermore, the accumulation of p62/SQSTM1 was shown to mediate OSW-1-induced necroptosis through its interaction with RIPK1. CONCLUSION We propose that OSW-1 can induce necroptosis through the RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL signaling pathway, and that this effect is mediated by the RIPK1-p62/SQSTM1 complex, in CRC cells. These results provide a theoretical foundation for the use of OSW-1 in the clinical treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China
- The Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chao-Yang Li
- The Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Teng-Fei Yao
- The Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Kang
- The Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hui-Shu Guo
- The Institute of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
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Sun R, Qu Z, Ji C, Yang X, Zhang Y, Zou X. Optimum Reaction Conditions for the Synthesis of Selenized Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (Liliaceae) Polysaccharides and Measurement of Their Antioxidant Activity In Vivo. Molecules 2023; 28:5929. [PMID: 37570899 PMCID: PMC10420663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study determined the optimum reaction conditions for synthesizing selenium-containing polysaccharides. Polysaccharide IIA (with the highest yield) from Ornithogalum caudatum Ait. (Liliaceae) (OCAPIIA) was extracted and purified. Then, three parameters were selected to optimize the synthesis of selenized OCAPIIA (Se-OCAPIIA) using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). The morphology of Se-OCAPIIA was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characteristic peaks and the monosaccharide composition of Se-OCAPIIA were evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography. A D-galactose-induced aging mouse model was established, and the in vivo antioxidant activity of Se-OCAPIIA was measured. The optimal conditions for the synthesis of Se-OCAPIIA were as follows: reaction temperature, 72.38 °C; Na2SeO3 to OCAPIIA mass ratio, 0.93 g/g; and reaction time, 8.05 h. The selenium content of Se-OCAPIIA obtained using the optimized process was 3.131 ± 0.090 mg/g, close to the maximum predicted value (3.152 mg/g). Se-OCAPIIA contained D-mannose, D-glucose, and D-galactose at a molar ratio of 1.00:0.34:0.88. SEM showed that Se-OCAPIIA was spherical and flocculated. Compared with OCAPIIA, Se-OCAPIIA exhibited two characteristic peaks at 833 and 610 cm-1 in the infrared spectrum. Se-OCAPIIA increased catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities and decreased MDA concentrations in the mouse liver. Moreover, Se-OCAPIIA treatment improved liver morphology, decreased the levels of IL-1β and IL-6, and increased IL-10 concentration. In conclusion, the synthesis of Se-OCAPIIA is effective, simple, and feasible. Se-OCAPIIA demonstrated high antioxidant activity in vivo and is a promising antioxidant and therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renshuang Sun
- Medical College, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134001, China;
| | - Zhongyuan Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Chenfeng Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yiqiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiang Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150076, China; (C.J.); (X.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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Zhao X, Lin G, Liu T, Zhang X, Xu Y. Comparative Analysis of Metabolic Compositions and Trace Elements of Ornithogalum caudatum with Different Growth Years. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23889-23900. [PMID: 37426248 PMCID: PMC10324082 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
As a traditional medicine with extensive history, Ornithogalum caudatum has high nutritional and medicinal value. However, its quality evaluation criteria are insufficient because it is not included in the pharmacopeia. Simultaneously, it is a perennial plant, and the medicinal ingredients change with the growth years. Currently, studies on the synthesis and accumulation of metabolites and elements in O. caudatum during different growth years are unavailable. To address this issue, in this study, the 8 main active substances, metabolism profiles, and 12 trace elements of O. caudatum from different growth years (1, 3, and 5 years old) were analyzed. The main substances of O. caudatum changed significantly in different years of growth. Saponin and sterol contents increased with age; however, the polysaccharide content decreased. For metabolism profiling, ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was performed. Among the three groups, 156 differential metabolites with variable importance in projection values >1.0 and p < 0.05 were identified. Among the differential metabolites, 16 increased with increasing years of growth and have the potential to become age-identified markers. A trace element study showed that the contents of K, Ca, and Mg were higher, and the ratio of Zn/Cu was less than 0.1%. Heavy metal ions in O. caudatum did not increase with age. The results of this study provide a basis to evaluate the edible values of O. caudatum and facilitate further exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zhao
- Key
Laboratory for Metabolic Regulation and Activity Research of Medicinal
Plants, Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
- College
of Life Sciences, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
| | - Guangyu Lin
- Animal
Husbandry Information Center, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China
- Jilin
Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130018, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key
Laboratory for Metabolic Regulation and Activity Research of Medicinal
Plants, Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
- College
of Life Sciences, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key
Laboratory for Metabolic Regulation and Activity Research of Medicinal
Plants, Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
- College
of Life Sciences, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key
Laboratory for Metabolic Regulation and Activity Research of Medicinal
Plants, Baicheng Medical College, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
- College
of Life Sciences, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng, Jilin 137000, China
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OSW-1 induces apoptosis and cyto-protective autophagy, and synergizes with chemotherapy on triple negative breast cancer metastasis. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:1255-1275. [PMID: 36155886 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most malignant subtype of breast cancer. As yet, chemotherapy with drugs such as doxorubicin is the main treatment strategy. However, drug resistance and dose-dependent toxicities restrict their clinical use. Natural products are major sources of anti-tumor drugs. OSW-1 is a natural compound with strong anti-cancer effects in several types of cancer, but its effects on the efficacy of chemotherapy in TNBC and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. METHODS The inhibitory activities of OSW-1 and its combination with several chemotherapy drugs were tested using in vitro assays and in vivo subcutaneous and metastatic mouse TNBC models. The effects of the mono- and combination treatments on TNBC cell viability, apoptosis, autophagy and related signaling pathways were assessed using MTT, flow cytometry, RNA sequencing and immunology-based assays. In addition, the in vivo inhibitory effects of OSW-1 and (combined) chemotherapies were evaluated in subcutaneous and metastatic mouse tumor models. RESULTS We found that OSW-1 induces Ca2+-dependent mitochondria-dependent intrinsic apoptosis and cyto-protective autophagy through the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway in TNBC cells in vitro. We also found that OSW-1 and doxorubicin exhibited strong synergistic anti-TNBC capabilities both in vivo and in vitro. Combination treatment strongly inhibited spontaneous and experimental lung metastases in 4T1 mouse models. In addition, the combination strategy of OSW-1 + Carboplatin + Docetaxel showed an excellent anti-metastatic effect in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our data revealed the mode of action and molecular mechanism underlying the effect of OSW-1 against TNBC, and provided a useful guidance for improving the sensitivity of TNBC cells to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, which warrants further investigation.
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Valiullina ZR, Khasanova LS, Miftakhov MS. Synthesis of 2-(16,17-Epoxy-3β,20-dihydroxypregn-5-en-20-yl)-1,3-dithiane from Diosgenin. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022110124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zhan Z, Liu Z, Zhang C, Gao H, Lai J, Chen Y, Huang H. Anticancer effects of OSW-1 on glioma cells via regulation of the PI3K/AKT signal pathway: A network pharmacology approach and experimental validation in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:967141. [PMID: 36133816 PMCID: PMC9483153 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.967141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial malignant tumors with poor prognosis, despite the remarkable advances in medical technology that have been made. OSW-1, isolated from Ornithogalum saundersiae, possesses anticancer activity against various malignant cancer cells. However, the effects of OSW-1 on gliomas and its potential mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: Network pharmacology was employed for predicting potential key targets and mechanisms of the anticancer effects of OSW-1 on glioma. Experiments, including the Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry, were performed to investigate how OSW-1 affects the biological behavior of glioma cells in vitro. Western blotting was used to detect changes in related proteins, such as those involved in the cell cycle, apoptosis, and signaling pathways. The nude mouse xenograft model was used to detect the effect of OSW-1 on inhibiting the proliferation of glioma cells in vivo. Results: An “OSW-1-Targets-Glioma” intersection network consisting of 151 intersecting genes was acquired to construct a “Protein–Protein Interaction network” and predict the top 10 core targets. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was the top 3-ranked pathway, with 38 enriched intersecting genes. The glioma T98G and LN18 cell lines were used to verify the predictions. OSW-1 significantly inhibited the viability and proliferation of glioma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometry showed that OSW-1 arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase, and the apoptotic ratio of glioma cells increased significantly with increasing concentrations. Western blotting revealed that the expression levels of p-PI3K and p-AKT1 in glioma cells treated with OSW-1 were significantly lower than those in the controls; however, 740Y-P, a PI3K activator, significantly reversed the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway caused by OSW-1. Furthermore, the mouse xenograft model confirmed the suppressive effect of OSW-1 on tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: OSW-1 is a promising anti-glioma chemotherapeutic drug owing to its anticancer effects via downregulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. However, OSW-1 still has a long way to go to become a real anti-glioma drug.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yong Chen
- *Correspondence: Yong Chen, ; Haiyan Huang,
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Qin Z, Yuan X, Liu J, Shi Z, Cao L, Yang L, Wu K, Lou Y, Tong H, Jiang L, Du J. Albuca Bracteata Polysaccharides Attenuate AOM/DSS Induced Colon Tumorigenesis via Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:833077. [PMID: 35264966 PMCID: PMC8899018 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.833077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an important risk factor in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Accumulating evidence indicates that some phytochemicals have anti-cancer properties. Polysaccharides extracted from Albuca bracteata (AB) have been reported to possess anti-neoplastic activities on colorectal cancer (CRC) models. However, it is still unclear whether they exert therapeutic effects on colorectal cancer. In this study, we investigate the properties of polysaccharides of A. bracteate, named ABP. The average molecular weight of ABP was 18.3 kDa and ABP consisted of glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose, galacturonic acid, glucuronic acid at a molar ratio of 37.8:8:2.5:1.7:1:1. An Azoxymethane/Dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced CAC mouse model was established. The CAC mice treated with ABP showed smaller tumor size and lower tumor incidence than untreated ones. ABP increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, inhibited secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), mitigated oxidative stress by increasing GSH and decreasing MDA levels, suppressed the activation of STAT3 and expressions of its related genes c-Myc and cyclin D1. Moreover, ABP treatment increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (f_Ruminococcaceae, g_Roseburia, g_Odoribacter, g_Oscillospira, and g_Akkermansia) and the levels of fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) in CAC model mice. In summary, our data suggest that ABP could be a potential therapeutic agent for treating CAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhuqing Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leipeng Cao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lexuan Yang
- Central Laboratory, School of the First Clinical Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haibin Tong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Tong, ; Lei Jiang, ; Jimei Du,
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, School of the First Clinical Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Tong, ; Lei Jiang, ; Jimei Du,
| | - Jimei Du
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Haibin Tong, ; Lei Jiang, ; Jimei Du,
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Yuan X, Xue J, Tan Y, Yang Q, Qin Z, Bao X, Li S, Pan L, Jiang Z, Wang Y, Lou Y, Jiang L, Du J. Albuca Bracteate Polysaccharides Synergistically Enhance the Anti-Tumor Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil Against Colorectal Cancer by Modulating β-Catenin Signaling and Intestinal Flora. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:736627. [PMID: 34552494 PMCID: PMC8450769 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.736627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The first-line treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) is 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). However, the efficacy of this treatment is sometimes limited owing to chemoresistance as well as treatment-associated intestinal mucositis and other adverse events. Growing evidence suggests that certain phytochemicals have therapeutic and cancer-preventing properties. Further, the synergistic interactions between many such plant-derived products and chemotherapeutic drugs have been linked to improved therapeutic efficacy. Polysaccharides extracted from Albuca bracteata (Thunb.) J.C.Manning and Goldblatt (ABP) have been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor properties. In this study, murine CRC cells (CT26) and a murine model of CRC were used to examine the anti-tumor properties of ABP and explore the mechanism underlying the synergistic interactions between ABP and 5-FU. Our results revealed that ABP could inhibit tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migratory activity in vitro and inhibited tumor progression in vivo by suppressing β-catenin signaling. Additionally, treatment with a combination of ABP and 5-FU resulted in better outcomes than treatment with either agent alone. Moreover, this combination therapy resulted in the specific enrichment of Ruminococcus, Anaerostipes, and Oscillospira in the intestinal microbiota and increased fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels (acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid). The improvement in the intestinal microbiota and the increase in beneficial SCFAs contributed to enhanced therapeutic outcomes and reduced the adverse effects of 5-FU. Together, these data suggest that ABP exhibits anti-neoplastic activity and can effectively enhance the efficacy of 5-FU in CRC treatment. Therefore, further research on the application of ABP in the development of novel anti-tumor drugs and adjuvant compounds is warranted and could improve the outcomes of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yuan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiao Xue
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingxia Tan
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qingguo Yang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Qin
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Bao
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengkai Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Pan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Jiang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jimei Du
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Zhan Z, Liu Z, Lai J, Zhang C, Chen Y, Huang H. Anticancer Effects and Mechanisms of OSW-1 Isolated From Ornithogalum saundersiae: A Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:747718. [PMID: 34631585 PMCID: PMC8496766 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.747718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, cancer has been a lingering dark cloud floating on people's heads. With rapid population growth and aging worldwide, cancer incidence and mortality are growing rapidly. Despite major advances in oncotherapy including surgery, radiation and chemical therapy, as well as immunotherapy and targeted therapy, cancer is expected be the leading cause of premature death in this century. Nowadays, natural compounds with potential anticancer effects have become an indispensable natural treasure for discovering clinically useful agents and made remarkable achievements in cancer chemotherapy. In this regards, OSW-1, which was isolated from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae in 1992, has exhibited powerful anticancer activities in various cancers. However, after almost three decades, OSW-1 is still far from becoming a real anticancer agent for its anticancer mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, in this review we summarize the available evidence on the anticancer effects and mechanisms of OSW-1 in vitro and in vivo, and some insights for researchers who are interested in OSW-1 as a potential anticancer drug. We conclude that OSW-1 is a potential candidate for anticancer drugs and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Elekofehinti OO, Iwaloye O, Olawale F, Ariyo EO. Saponins in Cancer Treatment: Current Progress and Future Prospects. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2021; 28:250-272. [PMID: 35366261 PMCID: PMC8830467 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology28020017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Saponins are steroidal or triterpenoid glycoside that is distinguished by the soap-forming nature. Different saponins have been characterized and purified and are gaining attention in cancer chemotherapy. Saponins possess high structural diversity, which is linked to the anticancer activities. Several studies have reported the role of saponins in cancer and the mechanism of actions, including cell-cycle arrest, antioxidant activity, cellular invasion inhibition, induction of apoptosis and autophagy. Despite the extensive research and significant anticancer effects of saponins, there are currently no known FDA-approved saponin-based anticancer drugs. This can be attributed to a number of limitations, including toxicities and drug-likeness properties. Recent studies have explored options such as combination therapy and drug delivery systems to ensure increased efficacy and decreased toxicity in saponin. This review discusses the current knowledge on different saponins, their anticancer activity and mechanisms of action, as well as promising research within the last two decades and recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; (O.I.); (E.O.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Opeyemi Iwaloye
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; (O.I.); (E.O.A.)
| | - Femi Olawale
- Nanogene and Drug Delivery Group, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos 101017, Nigeria
| | - Esther Opeyemi Ariyo
- Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; (O.I.); (E.O.A.)
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Ding X, Li Y, Li J, Yin Y. OSW-1 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by NFATc2 on triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Med 2020; 9:5558-5569. [PMID: 32515123 PMCID: PMC7402832 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OSW‐1 is a natural compound extracted from the bulbs of Ornithogalum saundersiae in 1992. It has been shown strong antitumor activities in various cancer cells. However, the effects of OSW‐1 on tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer are still poorly understood. In our research, we showed that OSW‐1 had a strong anticancer effect on breast cancer cells, but lower toxicity to normal cells. Accordingly, it also revealed significant inhibition of tumor growth by OSW‐1 in xenograft model. In addition, we performed Annexin V/PI‐labeled flow cytometric assay and TUNEL assay and showed that OSW‐1 inhibited tumor growth by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, we carried out transwell assays and found that OSW‐1 significantly repressed the migratory and invasive capabilities of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells via mediating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. Besides, OSW‐1 also could inhibit metastasis in an orthotopic model and resulted in a longer survival compared with control group. Finally, we performed RNA‐sequencing and cellular functions to investigate the molecular mechanism of how OSW‐1 inhibits TNBC, and identified NFATc2 may as a pivotal factor for OSW‐1‐mediated effects on cell death, tumor growth, invasion, and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Ding
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongmei Yin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ji L, Zhong B, Jiang X, Mao F, Liu G, Song B, Wang CY, Jiao Y, Wang JP, Xu ZB, Li X, Zhan B. Actein induces autophagy and apoptosis in human bladder cancer by potentiating ROS/JNK and inhibiting AKT pathways. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112498-112515. [PMID: 29348843 PMCID: PMC5762528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human bladder cancer is a common genitourinary malignant cancer worldwide. However, new therapeutic strategies are required to overcome its stagnated survival rate. Triterpene glycoside Actein (ACT), extracted from the herb black cohosh, suppresses the growth of human breast cancer cells. Our study attempted to explore the role of ACT in human bladder cancer cell growth and to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. We found that ACT significantly impeded the bladder cancer cell proliferation via induction of G2/M cycle arrest. Additionally, ACT administration triggered autophagy and apoptosis in bladder cancer cells, proved by the autophagosome formation, LC3B-II accumulation, improved cleavage of Caspases/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Furthermore, reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) could markedly reverse ACT-induced autophagy and apoptosis. In contrast, AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) were greatly de-phosphorylated by ACT, while suppressing AKT and mTOR activity could enhance the effects of ACT on apoptosis and autophagy induction. In vivo, ACT reduced the tumor growth with little toxicity. Taken together, our findings indicated that ACT suppressed cell proliferation, induced autophagy and apoptosis through promoting ROS/JNK activation, and blunting AKT pathway in human bladder cancer, which indicated that ACT might be an effective candidate against human bladder cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ji
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Bing Zhong
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Fei Mao
- Department of Urology, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Huai’an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huai’an 223300, China
| | - Bin Song
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Wang
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yong Jiao
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiang-Ping Wang
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Xu
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing Li
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bo Zhan
- Branch of Raw Material and Natural Products, Far East Biological Products Co. LTD., Nanjing 210009, China
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