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A Majed A, Al-Duhaidahawi D, A Omran H, Abbas S, S Abid D, Y Hmood A. Synthesis, molecular docking of new amide thiazolidine derived from isoniazid and studying their biological activity against cancer cells. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37922154 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2276313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
BCL2, an antiapoptotic protein, is overexpressed in many cancers, making it a good cancer treatment target. In 30 years, few BCL2 targeting agents have shown clinical significance. This work designed new amide thiazolidine derived from isoniazid targeting BCL2 and tested them on cancer cell lines, for binding affinities, the novel candidates were docked to the BCL2 target receptor. IC50 of compound A8 46.67 ± 0.9 and 57.14 ± 0.88 μg/ml against PC3 and HEPG2 respectively with docking score -7.6 Kcal/mol with 6GL8 make it the best compound in this series. Melting point, FT-IR, elemental microanalysis (CHN), 1HNMR, and 13CNMR confirmed chemical structures.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Majed
- College of Education, Department of Chemistry, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq
- Education Directorate of Thi-Qar, Ministry of Education, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Haider A Omran
- Education Directorate of Basrah, Ministry of Education, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Sabah Abbas
- College of Pharmacy, University of Kufa, AL-Najaf, Iraq
| | - Dawood S Abid
- College of Education for Pure Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Y Hmood
- Department of Marine Environmental Chemistry, Marine Science Center, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
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Nitulescu GM, Stancov G, Seremet OC, Nitulescu G, Mihai DP, Duta-Bratu CG, Barbuceanu SF, Olaru OT. The Importance of the Pyrazole Scaffold in the Design of Protein Kinases Inhibitors as Targeted Anticancer Therapies. Molecules 2023; 28:5359. [PMID: 37513232 PMCID: PMC10385367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The altered activation or overexpression of protein kinases (PKs) is a major subject of research in oncology and their inhibition using small molecules, protein kinases inhibitors (PKI) is the best available option for the cure of cancer. The pyrazole ring is extensively employed in the field of medicinal chemistry and drug development strategies, playing a vital role as a fundamental framework in the structure of various PKIs. This scaffold holds major importance and is considered a privileged structure based on its synthetic accessibility, drug-like properties, and its versatile bioisosteric replacement function. It has proven to play a key role in many PKI, such as the inhibitors of Akt, Aurora kinases, MAPK, B-raf, JAK, Bcr-Abl, c-Met, PDGFR, FGFRT, and RET. Of the 74 small molecule PKI approved by the US FDA, 8 contain a pyrazole ring: Avapritinib, Asciminib, Crizotinib, Encorafenib, Erdafitinib, Pralsetinib, Pirtobrutinib, and Ruxolitinib. The focus of this review is on the importance of the unfused pyrazole ring within the clinically tested PKI and on the additional required elements of their chemical structures. Related important pyrazole fused scaffolds like indazole, pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazole, pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridine, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine, or pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine are beyond the subject of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Georgiana Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (G.M.N.)
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Apprato G, D’Agostini G, Rossetti P, Ermondi G, Caron G. In Silico Tools to Extract the Drug Design Information Content of Degradation Data: The Case of PROTACs Targeting the Androgen Receptor. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031206. [PMID: 36770875 PMCID: PMC9919651 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras (PROTACs) have recently emerged as a promising technology in the drug discovery landscape. Large interest in the degradation of the androgen receptor (AR) as a new anti-prostatic cancer strategy has resulted in several papers focusing on PROTACs against AR. This study explores the potential of a few in silico tools to extract drug design information from AR degradation data in the format often reported in the literature. After setting up a dataset of 92 PROTACs with consistent AR degradation values, we employed the Bemis-Murcko method for their classification. The resulting clusters were not informative in terms of structure-degradation relationship. Subsequently, we performed Degradation Cliff analysis and identified some key aspects conferring a positive contribution to activity, as well as some methodological limits when applying this approach to PROTACs. Linker structure degradation relationships were also investigated. Then, we built and characterized ternary complexes to validate previous results. Finally, we implemented machine learning classification models and showed that AR degradation for VHL-based but not CRBN-based PROTACs can be predicted from simple permeability-related 2D molecular descriptors.
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Nitulescu GM. Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of the Anti-Proliferative Potential of the Pyrazole Scaffold in the Design of Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103300. [PMID: 35630776 PMCID: PMC9146646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The current work presents an objective overview of the impact of one important heterocyclic structure, the pyrazole ring, in the development of anti-proliferative drugs. A set of 1551 pyrazole derivatives were extracted from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) database, together with their growth inhibition effects (GI%) on the NCI’s panel of 60 cancer cell lines. The structures of these derivatives were analyzed based on the compounds’ averages of GI% values across NCI-60 cell lines and the averages of the values for the outlier cells. The distribution and the architecture of the Bemis–Murcko skeletons were analyzed, highlighting the impact of certain scaffold structures on the anti-proliferative effect’s potency and selectivity. The drug-likeness, chemical reactivity and promiscuity risks of the compounds were predicted using AMDETlab. The pyrazole ring proved to be a versatile scaffold for the design of anticancer drugs if properly substituted and if connected with other cyclic structures. The 1,3-diphenyl-pyrazole emerged as a useful scaffold for potent and targeted anticancer candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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Candidates for Repurposing as Anti-Virulence Agents Based on the Structural Profile Analysis of Microbial Collagenase Inhibitors. Pharmaceutics 2021; 14:pharmaceutics14010062. [PMID: 35056958 PMCID: PMC8780423 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological inhibition of the bacterial collagenases (BC) enzymes is considered a promising strategy to block the virulence of the bacteria without targeting the selection mechanism leading to drug resistance. The chemical structures of the Clostridium perfringens collagenase A (ColA) inhibitors were analyzed using Bemis-Murcko skeletons, Murcko frameworks, the type of plain rings, and docking studies. The inhibitors were classified based on their structural architecture and various scoring methods were implemented to predict the probability of new compounds to inhibit ColA and other BC. The analyses indicated that all compounds contain at least one aromatic ring, which is often a nitrobenzene fragment. 2-Nitrobenzene based compounds are, on average, more potent BC inhibitors compared to those derived from 4-nitrobenzene. The molecular descriptors MDEO-11, AATS0s, ASP-0, and MAXDN were determined as filters to identify new BC inhibitors and highlighted the necessity for a compound to contain at least three primary oxygen atoms. The DrugBank database was virtually screened using the developed methods. A total of 100 compounds were identified as potential BC inhibitors, of which, 10 are human approved drugs. Benzthiazide, entacapone, and lodoxamide were chosen as the best candidates for in vitro testing based on their pharmaco-toxicological profile.
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Kazakova O, Șoica C, Babaev M, Petrova A, Khusnutdinova E, Poptsov A, Macașoi I, Drăghici G, Avram Ș, Vlaia L, Mioc A, Mioc M, Dehelean C, Voicu A. 3-Pyridinylidene Derivatives of Chemically Modified Lupane and Ursane Triterpenes as Promising Anticancer Agents by Targeting Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910695. [PMID: 34639035 PMCID: PMC8509773 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer persists as a global challenge due to the extent to which conventional anticancer therapies pose high risks counterbalanced with their therapeutic benefit. Naturally occurring substances stand as an important safer alternative source for anticancer drug development. In the current study, a series of modified lupane and ursane derivatives was subjected to in vitro screening on the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel. Compounds 6 and 7 have been identified as highly active with GI50 values ranging from 0.03 µM to 5.9 µM (compound 6) and 0.18–1.53 µM (compound 7). Thus, these two compounds were further assessed in detail in order to identify a possible antiproliferative mechanism of action. DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining revealed that both compounds induced nuclei condensation and overall cell morphological changes consistent with apoptotic cell death. rtPCR analysis showed that both compounds induced upregulation of proapoptotic Bak and Bad genes while downregulating Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 antiapoptotic genes. Molecular docking analysis revealed that both compounds exhibited high scores for Bcl-XL inhibition, while compound 7 showed higher in silico Bcl-XL inhibition potential as compared to the native inhibitor ATB-737, suggesting that compounds may induce apoptotic cell death through targeted antiapoptotic protein inhibition, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Kazakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Codruța Șoica
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marat Babaev
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Anastasiya Petrova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Elmira Khusnutdinova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Alexander Poptsov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC, Russian Academy of Science RAS, pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia; (M.B.); (A.P.); (E.K.); (A.P.)
| | - Ioana Macașoi
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - George Drăghici
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ștefana Avram
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Lavinia Vlaia
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Mioc
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (O.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Formulation and Technology of Drugs Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (C.Ș.); (I.M.); (G.D.); (Ș.A.); (L.V.); (A.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Centre Pharmacotoxicol Evaluat, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Adrian Voicu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Stecoza CE, Nitulescu GM, Draghici C, Caproiu MT, Olaru OT, Bostan M, Mihaila M. Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:438. [PMID: 34066442 PMCID: PMC8148175 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to develop novel chemotherapeutic agents with potent anticancer activities, a series of new 2,5-diaryl/heteroaryl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were designed and synthesized. The structures of the new compounds were established using elemental analyses, IR and NMR spectral data. The compounds were evaluated for their anticancer potential on two standardized human cell lines, HT-29 (colon adenocarcinoma) and MDA-MB-231 (breast adenocarcinoma). Cytotoxicity was measured by MTS assay, while cell cycle arrest and apoptosis assays were conducted using a flow cytometer, the results showing that the cell line MDA-MB-231 is more sensitive to the compounds' action. The results of the predictive studies using the PASS application and the structural similarity analysis indicated STAT3 and miR-21 as the most probable pharmacological targets for the new compounds. The promising effect of compound 3e, 2-[2-(phenylsulfanylmethyl)phenyl]-5-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, especially on the MDA-MB-231 cell line motivates future studies to improve the anticancer profile and to reduce the toxicological risks. It is worth noting that 3e produced a low toxic effect in the D. magna 24 h assay and the predictive studies on rat acute toxicity suggest a low degree of toxic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Elena Stecoza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.)
| | - George Mihai Nitulescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.)
| | - Constantin Draghici
- “Costin D. Neniţescu” Centre of Organic Chemistry Romanian Academy, 202 B Splaiul Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Miron Teodor Caproiu
- “Costin D. Neniţescu” Centre of Organic Chemistry Romanian Academy, 202 B Splaiul Independenţei, 060023 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.E.S.); (O.T.O.)
| | - Marinela Bostan
- Center of Immunology, “Stefan S. Nicolau” Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Mirela Mihaila
- Center of Immunology, “Stefan S. Nicolau” Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania; (M.B.); (M.M.)
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